2019-2020年高中英語 Unit17 Laughter語法.剖析.活用 北師大版選修6.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit17 Laughter語法.剖析.活用 北師大版選修6表格1構(gòu) 成作 用例 句過去完成進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成had been + 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。過去完成進(jìn)行時表示動作在過去某一時間之前開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間。和過去完成時一樣，過去完成進(jìn)行時也必須以一過去時間為前提。Had they been expecting the anecdote for some time before I came?在我來之前，他們期待這個趣事有一段時間了吧？The politician had been waiting for his visa for days before he got it.這個政治家在拿到他的簽證之前，等了好多天。They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came.他們只等了一會兒車就來了。過去完成進(jìn)行時表示在過去某個時間以前反復(fù)的動作。He had been mentioning the edians name to me before I met her.在我見過那位喜劇演員之前，他過去多次向我提到過她的名字。My parents had been giving me everything before the entrance exam.在之前，我的父母對我真是有求必應(yīng)。過去完成進(jìn)行時還常用于間接引語中。The doctor asked what he had been eating.醫(yī)生問他吃了什么。I asked where the agent had been staying all those days.我問那經(jīng)銷商那些天是呆在哪兒的。過去完成進(jìn)行時之后也可接具有“突然”之意的when分句。I had only been reading the thriller a few minutes when my teacher found it.我剛看了那本驚險小說幾分鐘，老師就發(fā)現(xiàn)了。Shed only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her.她溫習(xí)功課才一會兒，她妹妹就打斷她了。 表格2一般現(xiàn)在時表示當(dāng)前的動作和存在的狀態(tài)，尤其指客觀存在的規(guī)律性的動作。Harmony in life is always the most important. 生活中的和諧總是最重要的。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作和存在的狀態(tài)。They are waiting in line. 他們正在站隊(duì)等候。也可以表示將要發(fā)生的動作。They are leaving for the border.他們要朝過境出發(fā)。一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，通常會有明確的表示過去的時間狀語。Yesterday I went to school regardless of the snowstorm. 昨天，我不怕暴風(fēng)雪，仍然去上學(xué)。 敘述過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。 This morning, I got up early, went out for a walk, then came back and cooked for my family. 今天早上，我起床，外出散步，回來為全家做飯。表示過去某一段不確定的時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。 He worked in the store for 5 years. 過去進(jìn)行時 表示過去某一點(diǎn)時間正在進(jìn)行的動作或狀態(tài)。 I was studying psychology at 11 last night. 昨天晚上11點(diǎn)，我正在學(xué)習(xí)心里學(xué)。表示過去某一段時間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動作或狀態(tài)，但說話時動作并沒有發(fā)生。 He was writing a book last week. 上一周，他在寫一本書。表示開始、結(jié)束、移動的瞬間動詞，如：e, go, arrive, leave, start等，用過去進(jìn)行時，表示過去的將來即將發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài) Yesterday he said he was leaving for Shanghai next week. 與always總是, constantly始終, really非常, actually實(shí)際上, often經(jīng)常, usually通常, all the time一直、總是, continually一直，等副詞連用時，表示過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或發(fā)生習(xí)的慣性動作，此時常表示說話人的某種感情，如贊揚(yáng)，遺憾，討厭或不滿等。 When he was a boy in a boarding school he was always crying. 當(dāng)他還是個孩子時，住在寄宿學(xué)校，他總是哭。表格3過去完成進(jìn)行時表示在過去某一特定時間以前發(fā)生的動作一直持續(xù)到這個特定時間，或是剛剛結(jié)束，或是還要延續(xù)。但是，決不會延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。It had been raining hard for three weeks. Nearly all the little trees on the mountain were washed away. 大雨一連下了三個星期，山上的小樹差不多都給沖刷一盡了?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時在現(xiàn)在某段時間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性She has been cleaning the office, so we have to wait outside.她一直在打掃辦公室，所以我們不得不在外面等著。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作一直在進(jìn)行)過去完成時表示的動作在過去的某一時間已經(jīng)完成。 Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 當(dāng)湯姆到達(dá)晚會的時候，大部分人都走了，他很失望。常用于間接引語中，表示某事在過去談話或者思考的時間以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。He saidthat he had cleaned the office.他說他打掃了辦公室了?；顚W(xué)巧用單項(xiàng)填空1. (山東，33) Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost2. (陜西，7) You look very tired_at all last night?No, not really. Im tired out now.A.Do you sleep B.Were you sleepingC.Did you sleep D.Had you slept3. (全國I，21) The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more.A.hasnt lived B.didnt live C.hadnt lived D.doesnt live4. (北京，27) - _ leave at the end of this month.- I dont think you should do that until _ another job.A. Im going to ; youd found B. Im going to ; youve foundC. Ill ; youll find D. Ill ; youd find5. (全國III, 20)As you can see, the number of cars on roads _ rising these days.A. we keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping6. (安徽，25) I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _.A.went; was occurring B.went; occurredC.was going; occurred D.was going; had occurred7.(遼寧，27) The father as well ashis three children skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.A.is going B.goC.goesD.are going8. (四川，22) Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026_ off at 18:20.A.takes B.took C.will be taken D.has taken9. (浙江，6) This machine _. It hasnt worked for years.A. didnt workB. wasnt workingC. doesnt workD. isnt working10. (湖北，32) I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he on it for more than an hour.A.has been working B.will have worked C.will have been working D.had worked11. (福建，24) Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B.is taking off C.has taken off D.took off12. (重慶，21) Ihave to go to work by taxi because my car at the garage.A.will be repaired B.is repairedC.is being repaired D.has been repaired1. A 此題考查延續(xù)性動詞和瞬間性動詞用法辨析。句意：自從上周五發(fā)生洪水以來，警察現(xiàn)在一直在尋找據(jù)報道失蹤的婦女。結(jié)合語境可知，說明have been missing “失蹤”這一狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。get lost表示”失蹤”的短暫動作。2. C 此題考查過去時態(tài)的用法。句意：你看起來很疲勞。你昨天晚上睡覺了嗎？不，睡得不好，我現(xiàn)在非常疲勞。由last night可知，sleep是發(fā)生在過去的一個動作，故用一般過去時。3. D此題考查一般時態(tài)的用法。句意：這房子屬于我叔叔的，但是，他現(xiàn)在 不在這里住了。此處描述的是現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。4. B此題考查一般將來時態(tài)的使用。句意：本月底我將離開，我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該找到另一個工作后才離開。第一個空用Im going to或Ill皆可。until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，所以要用you have found代替youll have found。5. 此題考查一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的用法。句意：就像你看到的一樣，這些天路上的汽車數(shù)量持續(xù)上漲。根據(jù)these days 判斷用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，the number of 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱。keep doing 保持某一狀態(tài)。6. C此題考查特殊句型中動詞時態(tài)的用法。句意：我正沿著街道開著車，這時，事故發(fā)生了。句型Sb. waswere doingwhen sth. happened表示 “正在過程中，發(fā)生一件意外的事情”，過去進(jìn)行時表示一個過程。7. C此題考查主謂一致與時態(tài)。句意：在冬天每個星期天的下午，父親和他的三個孩子去滑冰。as well as是介詞短語作后置定語，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)和主語the father保持一致，再結(jié)合后面的every Sunday afternoon可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。8. A此題考查一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。句意：看時間表，快點(diǎn)！4026航班在18：20起飛。飛機(jī)的起飛是按照時刻表發(fā)生的，由語境可知，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以本題選A。9. C 此題考查時態(tài)。句意：這臺機(jī)器不能用了，好多不能正常工作了?，F(xiàn)在不能工作，是在敘述現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。10. A此題考查時態(tài)的用法。句意：對于這個問題，我讓學(xué)生思考一個多小時以后，才給他們答案。for more than an hour是時間段狀語，多與完成時連用。若主句是一般將來時，時間狀語從句不可再用將來時形式，因此B、C兩項(xiàng)錯誤。從句中用完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成。11. B此題考查進(jìn)行時態(tài)的用法。句意：女士們，先生們，請系好安全帶，飛機(jī)即將起飛。is taking off是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)，表示將來的動作；has taken off是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，表示已發(fā)生或完成了的事情；took off是一般過去時態(tài)，表示事件發(fā)生在過去某個時間。12. C 此題考查時態(tài)的用法。句意：我現(xiàn)在不得不乘出租車去上班，我的車正在修著。由題意可知，說明我的車現(xiàn)在正在被維修，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。