2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)每日一題第11周過(guò)去完成時(shí)含解析.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)每日一題第11周過(guò)去完成時(shí)含解析 高考頻度：★★★★★ 難易程度：★★★★☆ 1.（xx北京卷單項(xiàng)填空）In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 【參考答案】D 【答案解析】句意：在美國(guó)20世紀(jì)50年代的時(shí)候，大多數(shù)的家庭家里只有一部電話，并且無(wú)線電話還根本沒(méi)有發(fā)明出來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除A和C，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除B，故選D，過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 4.(xx浙江卷單項(xiàng)填空)Silk __________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. A. had bee B. was being C. has bee D.is being 【參考答案】A 【應(yīng)試必備】 過(guò)去完成時(shí)（主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞） 1. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： 肯定句：主語(yǔ) + had + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他. 否定句：主語(yǔ) + had + not + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Had + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞或詞組 + 一般疑問(wèn)句（Had + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他）？ 2. 基本用法 （1）表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，也可以說(shuō)過(guò)去的時(shí)間關(guān)于過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。即＂過(guò)去的過(guò)去＂?？梢杂胋y，before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(在復(fù)合句中，由時(shí)間連接詞引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句叫做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)來(lái)表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)表示，還可能通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。 　　By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘，我們已經(jīng)收到200 張飛船發(fā)來(lái)的圖片。 （2）表示由過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for，since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 　　I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 當(dāng)車(chē)來(lái)的時(shí)候，我在車(chē)站已經(jīng)等了20分鐘。 　　He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他說(shuō)自從1949年以來(lái)他就在那家工廠工作。 （3）敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，在已敘述了過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情后，反過(guò)來(lái)追述或補(bǔ)述以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。 　　I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我對(duì)動(dòng)詞一無(wú)所知，因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有好好學(xué)習(xí)功課。 （4）在含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，如果敘述的是過(guò)去的事，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已歸還了我借的書(shū)。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丟失的鑰匙找到了。 （5）過(guò)去完成時(shí)常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句（或間接引語(yǔ)）中，這時(shí)從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句表示的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前。 He said that he had known her well. 他說(shuō)他很熟悉她。 　　I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我認(rèn)為我一星期前就把信寄出去了。 （6）狀語(yǔ)從句：在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在前，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；發(fā)生在后，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 　　如when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引導(dǎo)的從句。 When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 我醒來(lái)時(shí)雨已停了。 She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work. 她直到把工作做完之后才睡覺(jué)。 　　注意：如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生，則常常不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，特別是在包含before和after的復(fù)合句中，因?yàn)檫@時(shí)從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序已經(jīng)非常明確，這時(shí)可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 馬克思到達(dá)英格蘭之后，努力提高他的英語(yǔ)水平。 （7）動(dòng)詞think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。 　　They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他們本來(lái)打算去幫忙，但沒(méi)有及時(shí)趕到那里。 　　We had hoped to be able to e and see you. 我們本來(lái)希望能來(lái)看看你。 （8）過(guò)去完成時(shí)還可用在hardly...when...，no sooner... than...，It was the first (second, etc) time (that)...等固定句型中。 Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他剛開(kāi)始演講，聽(tīng)眾就打斷了他。 　　No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他剛到就又走了。 　　It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 這是他那一年第三次失業(yè)了。 3. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的語(yǔ)法判定 （1）由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)判定 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有： ①by + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) 　　I had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night. ②by the end of + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) 　　We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. ③before + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) 　　They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. （2）由＂過(guò)去的過(guò)去＂來(lái)判定 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示＂過(guò)去的過(guò)去＂，是指過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，在后的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在： ①賓語(yǔ)從句中 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如told，said，knew，heard，thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。 　　She said that she had seen the film before. 　?、跔钫Z(yǔ)從句中 在時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式等狀語(yǔ)從句中，主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的，要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)作在后的要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 　　After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意：before，after 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表達(dá)了動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系，若主、從句表示的動(dòng)作緊密相連，則主、從句都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 　　After he closed the door, he left the classroom. 　?、郾硎疽庀虻膭?dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示＂原本……，未能……＂。 　　We had hoped that you would e, but you didn’t. （3）根據(jù)上、下文來(lái)判定 　　I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing. 【巧學(xué)妙記】 過(guò)去完成時(shí)記憶口訣 had 加上＂過(guò)去分＂，構(gòu)成過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 過(guò)去完成的意義，也表＂完成＂或＂延續(xù)＂。 若有主、從兩個(gè)句，先后動(dòng)作分別敘。 哪個(gè)在先哪＂完成＂，哪個(gè)在后哪＂過(guò)去＂。 1. Alan Greenspan, once reported as a financial god, had to admit that he ____________ some serious mistakes. A. made B. had made C. has been making D. has made 2. On the morning of October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus and his crew came to the shores of the Caribbean islands, mistakenly believing they ____________ in Southeast Asia. A. arrived B. had arrived C. has arrived D. would arrive 3.—Did you have to do much for the dinner party? —Helen ______ everything by the time I got home. A. finished B. was finishing C. would finish D. had finished 4.—Guess what? I happened to have met Mark at the party last week. —If my memory serves me correctly, you two ______ each other for almost ten years. A. havent seen B. hadnt seen C. didnt see D. dont see 參考答案 3.D 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。第二句句意：到我回到家的時(shí)候，Helen已經(jīng)做完了所有的事情。動(dòng)作finish發(fā)生于got home之間，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選D。 4.B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“……我碰巧上周在聚會(huì)上遇見(jiàn)了麥克。如果我沒(méi)記錯(cuò)的話，你們了兩個(gè)已經(jīng)幾乎十年沒(méi)見(jiàn)面了吧?！笨芍皫缀跏隂](méi)見(jiàn)面了”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在happened to do sth(碰巧干某事)這個(gè)“過(guò)去”的動(dòng)作之前，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選B。 進(jìn)步，在于總結(jié)。我在這，總結(jié)在哪兒？ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________