2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)：詞匯講義 新人教版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)：詞匯講義 新人教版 I 押韻題型（押頭韻、押尾韻）； 答案總在相似中，如果有三個一樣，基本上就在其中了。 54. The rain was heavy and _A_ the land was flooded. A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistently continue v. 繼續(xù)，連續(xù)； continually adv. 不斷地，頻繁地（時斷時續(xù)地）； continuously adv. 連續(xù)不斷地。 說不停的咳嗽時，continually是間歇的時斷時續(xù)的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。 consequently adv. 因此，所以；(heavy rain大雨, light rain小雨) constantly adv. 始終如一地，連續(xù)發(fā)生地；constant temperature 恒溫 consistently adv. 一貫地，一致地； consistent adj. consistent policy 一貫的政策。 36. I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you havent seen before. A revise B rewrite C reveal D reverse rewrite v. 重寫，改寫； revise vt. 修改，修正； reveal vt. 揭示，揭露； reverse vt. 顛倒，使反轉(zhuǎn)，使反向。(vers是詞根，表示轉(zhuǎn)動；re是前綴，表示向相反方向) 42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance. A preferable B considerable C possible D available performance n. 表演，演出，演奏； perform vt. possible adj. 可能的 動詞后加able構(gòu)成形容詞通常表示“可…的” read -> readable accept -> acceptable consider vt. 考慮； considerable adj. (數(shù)量或尺寸)相當(dāng)大(或多)的。 preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的； Poverty is preferable to poor health. 貧窮總比不健康好。 available* adj. 可獲得的，可利用的，可支配的。(重點詞) 33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses. A acceptable B applicable C advisable D available living expenses 生活費； acceptable adj. 可接受的； apply vt. 申請，應(yīng)用； applicable adj. 可應(yīng)用的，適當(dāng)?shù)模线m的； an applicable rule 切實可行的規(guī)則。 a solution that is applicable to the problem 適合于這個問題的解決方法。 advise vt. 建議； advice n. 建議； advisable adj. 明智的，可取的。 54. It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means. A consistent B continuous C considerate D continual achieve unity through peaceful means 通過和平手段取得統(tǒng)一； consistent policy 一貫政策 65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring. A late B last C latter D later late adj. 晚的，晚于通常時間的； late spring 晚春、暮春； last adj. 最后的，最終的； later adj. 更晚的（late的比較級）、時間概念后一半的；只適用于表示某個世紀(jì)的后半期； The later twentieth century. 二十世紀(jì)的后一半。 latter adj. （兩者中）后者的； former adj. （兩者中）前者的； 59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market. A batteries B bargains C baskets D barrels battery n. 電池； bargain n. 特價商品； It’s really a bargain. 你真會買東西，不是說真便宜。 basket n. 籃子； barrel n. 桶； wonderful bargain 物美價廉的商品；bargain v. 討價還價； 53. Remember that customers don’t _D_ about prices in that city. A debate B consult C dispute D bargain II 構(gòu)詞法題型(詞的轉(zhuǎn)化，合成，派生)； 構(gòu)成符合形容詞的名詞和數(shù)量詞一律用單數(shù)。(見下面2個例題) 31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention. A three-hours B three-hour C three-hours’ D three-hour’s 用連字號構(gòu)成的形容詞中的名詞一般不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 A three-day journey =a three days’ journey A two-hour meeting=a two hours’ meeting l 都是“不管，盡管，任憑” despite和in spite of 后面都接名詞性成分 如名詞、動名詞、名詞性從句 用法基本一致 但他們后面接句子一般用despite/in spite of the fact that 的結(jié)構(gòu) that后是同位語從句 這樣比較正式 English became the official language in spite of/despite the fact that the population is largely chinese. 267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday. A two-thousand-words B two-thousands-word C two-thousand-word D two-thousands-words 56. _B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others. A Dislike B Unlike C Alike D Liking like vt. 喜歡； dislike vt. 不喜歡，厭惡； unlike prep. 不象…； alike adj. & adv. 同樣的(地)，相象的(地)；The twins are so alike. liking n. 愛好，嗜好 III 近義詞含義比較； 44. There were some _A_ flowers on the table. A artificial B unnatural C false D unreal unreal adj. 不真實的(不是真實世界所擁有的，虛幻的)； false adj. 具有欺騙性的，假的，偽造的； false passport/evidence, false teeth unnatural adj. 不自然的，經(jīng)常用來修飾人的行為舉止，表示做作的，矯揉造作的。 artificial adj. 人造人為的 artificial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮 54. When people bee unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages. A laziness B poverty C idleness D inability laziness n. 懶惰； poverty n. 貧窮； poor adj. 貧窮的； idleness n. 無事可做(中性，有時也有貶義含義)； inability n. 沒有能力，沒有辦法。 IV 搭配關(guān)系問題； extent n. 程度； to... extent 到達…程度，在…程度之上； extent 只能和to搭配。 To a certain extent, I am responsible for the delay. 在一定程度上,我對拖延負(fù)有責(zé)任。 object vi. 反對； object + to + 動名詞（動詞的ing形式）。 People object to smoking. 越來越多的人反對吸煙。 objection n. 反對； objection + to + 動名詞（動詞的ing形式）。 There is no objection to your opening the window. / 你開窗沒有什么不可以的。 V 形相近，意相遠(yuǎn)； -------------------------xx------------------------- 41. The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people. A after B with C by D from cause 事業(yè)； be named after 以…的名字命名； 42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance. A preferable B considerable C possible D available preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的； 358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony. A Inferior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preferable to 具有比較意味的形容詞只要與介詞to搭配即可表示其比較級。 super- 表示在…上方，超過… inferior adj. 低于…的，劣于…的； superior adj. 高于…的，優(yōu)于…的； prior adj. 在…之前的 Revolutionary War 特指美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭；second adj. 第二的（含有比較意味，也與to搭配） 30. Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death. A of B to C with D from be second to 僅次于 He is second to none. 首屈一指，無與倫比； 43. It wasnt such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us. A that B which C as D what such … that … 如此… 以至于… ； 59. American women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle. [the right to vote 選舉權(quán)] A ignored B neglected C refused D denied sb + be + ___ + sth 空格處應(yīng)為能加雙賓語的動詞； deny v. 否認(rèn)，拒絕；deny sb sth 拒絕給予某人某物； refuse表示拒絕時強調(diào)主觀的意愿，deny表示“拒絕”時相對客觀，是客觀條件的限制，使得拒絕。 一些特殊的動詞： 第一點：forget 忘記； [反義] remember 記得； 這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為；這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經(jīng)做過的事情。 注意：動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。 forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事； forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事； remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事； remember doing sth. 記得做過某事； 62. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble. A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him offer vt. 提出，提供； offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth. him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：凡是一個動詞的后面可以加動名詞，就可以加動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 動作發(fā)出者 + 動名詞；當(dāng)動作發(fā)出者名字給出時：名詞所有格 + 動名詞；當(dāng)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中出現(xiàn)，且動作發(fā)出者在前文中提過時：形容詞物主代詞（賓格）+ 動名詞。 形容詞物主代詞：his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格：him, her, me, you, us, them。 第二點：want 想要； want to do sth. 想做某事； want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。 48. Your hair wants _B_. Youd better have it done tomorrow. A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut 注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。 18. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_. A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned 第三點：mean 意味； mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ；mean doing 意味著，…的意思是… 25. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待臺] A making B to make C to have made D having made -------------------------xx------------------------- 55. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_. A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected watch 看電視用，看比賽用； see 看電影用； 感官動詞watch, see, hear； 感官動詞 + 名詞（代詞）+ do be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果； being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。 56. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放棄； give in 屈服，讓步； give off 釋放，放出（煙和氣體）； give away 泄露，走漏風(fēng)聲；婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程；贈送禮品。 57. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on. A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb. + 分詞； inform v. 通知，告知； inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情 keep me informed 使我被告知。 61. I should like to rent a house, modern, fortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood. A all in all B above all C after all D over all all in all 總而言之；above all 首先，尤其是；after all 畢竟，終究；overall 全面的，總體的 in a word 總之，in short 簡而言之，in conclusion 最后，總之，to sum up總之，總而言之。 62. _B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now now that 既然，由于（相當(dāng)于since）； ever since 自從…以來。 與that搭配且后面可以加句子的幾個表達形式： now that 既然，由于； in that 因為； except that 除…之外。 except后面加名詞或代詞；except that后面加句子。 63. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders. A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to be attached to 連接，附屬； This school is attached to Beida. 這所學(xué)校附屬于北大。 responsible to 對…負(fù)有責(zé)任； resistant adj. 反抗的，抵抗的； water resistant 防水的。 be contrary to 與..相反（相違背）。 64. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week. A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going regret doing 后悔做過某事； regret to do sth. 遺憾的做某事（應(yīng)用語境非常有限）。 63. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_. A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice out of work 失業(yè)； out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著； out of practice 缺乏練習(xí)。 65. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward in spite of 盡管； carry on 堅持，繼續(xù)。 66. Mrs. Brown is supposed _A_ for Italy last week. A to have left B to be leaving C to leave D to have been left be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該（理應(yīng)）做某事。 37. He’s watching TV? He’s _D_ to be cleaning his room. A known B considered C regarded D supposed regard as 把…認(rèn)作 55. Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded _A_ 27%. A by B for C to D in 69. Children who are over-protected by their parents may bee _C_. A hurt B damaged C spoiled D harmed spoil vt. 寵壞，溺愛 70. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will _B_ over his business to his son. A take B hand C think D get take over 接管接收； hand over 移交，交出； think over 仔細(xì)考慮； get over 克服，戰(zhàn)勝。 45. We are interested in the weather because it _B_ us so directly what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel. A benefits B affects C guides D effects affect vt. 影響； effect n. 影響。 46. Will all those _D_ the proposal raise their hands? A in relation to B in contrast to C in excess of D in favor of in relation to 與…相比； in contrast to 與…形成對照； in excess of 超過，超出（一定的限定范圍）； in favor of 贊同，支持。 47. Children are very curious _D_. A at heart B in person C on purpose D by nature at heart 在心理，在內(nèi)心； heart 強調(diào)的是內(nèi)心的感情，mind 強調(diào)的是思維，頭腦，soul 靈魂 in person 親自，本人； on purpose 有意的，故意的； by nature 生性（天性）使然。 48. The match was cancelled because most of the members _A_ a match without a standard court. A objected to having B were objected to have C objected to have D were objected to having 49. The teacher doesn’t permit _C_ in class. A smoke B to smoke C smoking D to have a smoke permit v. 允許，準(zhǔn)許； permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事； permit doing 允許做某事。 22. These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _A_ you need. A all the information B all the informations C all of information D all of the informations 27. I have no objection _B_ your story again. [object to + 動名詞] A to hear B to hearing C to having heard D to have heard 28. The clothes a person wears may express his _B_ or social position. A curiosity B status C determination D significance curiosity 好奇心； determination 決心，決定 status n. 身份，地位； significance n. 意義，重要性； 29. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _D_ opportunity to change his mind. A accurate B urgent C excessive D adequate accurate adj. 精確的； urgent adj. 緊急的，緊迫的； excessive adj. 過多的，過度的； adequate adj. 充足的，足夠的。 33. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _A_ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women. A whose B which C that D what whose指代的就是他前面的male drinkers. 35. I didnt know the word. I had to _C_ a dictionary. A look out B make out C refer to D go over look up 查閱； look up a word in a dictionary 在字典中查單詞； make out 辨認(rèn)出，搞明白 refer to 提及，涉及 reference n. 參考書目； reference room 資料室； 38. I think I was at school, _A_ I was staying with a friend during the vacation when I heard the news. [or else 否則，要不然] A or else B and then C or so D even so 39. It is said that the math teacher seems _A_ towards bright students. A partial B beneficial C preferable D liable partial adj. 偏袒的，偏愛的（經(jīng)常與to或towards搭配） 44. Everybody _A_ in the hall where they were weled by the secretary. A assembled B accumulated C piled D joined assembled 聚集； accumulate 堆積，集聚 pile堆起，堆疊 secretary 書記。 50. The British constitution is _B_ a large extent a product of the historical events described above. [無論是在空格前還是后，如果出現(xiàn)了名詞extent要找介詞就著to] A within B to C by D at to a large extent 在很大程度上。 Constitution憲法 50. I like watching TV _C_ to the cinema. A more than to go B than going C more than going D rather than to go than 除構(gòu)成固定短語外就要與比較級搭配，不會單獨出現(xiàn)； rather than + 動詞原形； 平行結(jié)構(gòu)，遇到平行結(jié)構(gòu)時應(yīng)做的兩步： 1 找出連接詞，2 使要填部分與已給出的對應(yīng)部分形式完全一樣。 51. I appreciate _D_ to your home. A to be invited B to have invited C having invited D being invited appreciate + 動名詞（不能加動詞原形，不能加句子）。 41. I would appreciate _B_ it a secret. A you to keep B your keeping C that you keep D that you will keep your keeping 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 you keeping 也是正確的。 52. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _C_ when judging my examination. A regard B counting C account D observation take sth. into account 考慮。 54. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work _C_ all their time. A take away B take over C take up [占據(jù)] D take in 56. Many people plain of the rapid _C_ of modern life. A rate B speed C pace D growth pace 節(jié)奏； rapid pace of modern life現(xiàn)在生活快節(jié)奏。 58. The speaker, _D_ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience. A having known B being known C knowing D known know 沒有現(xiàn)在分詞；know 用主動形式時只能和兩個介詞搭配：of, about。 known for 以…而著名。 60. I couldn’t find _A_, and so I took this one. A a large enough coat B an enough large coat C a large coat enough D a coat enough large enough 修飾形容詞時要放到形容詞后面。 62. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _C_ we all sat down to rest. A when B then C than D until no sooner … than 一…就… 64. He moved away from his parents, and missed them _A_ enjoy the exciting life in New York. [too … to，太…而不能…] A too much to B enough to C very much to D much so as to 66. The last time we had a family reunion was _B_ my brothers wedding ceremony four years ago. A in B at C during D over ceremony n. 典禮，儀式。要表達在某典禮（儀式）上用介詞at。 at the graduation ceremony 在畢業(yè)典禮上。 68. _D_ the advances of science, the disforts of old age will no doubt always be with us. [despite prep. 盡管； as for 關(guān)于，至于] A As for B Besides C Except D Despite 41. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _C_ for her examination. A to prepare B to be prepared C preparing D being prepared be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 42. Five minutes earlier, _A_ we could have caught the last train. A and B but C or D an order and 在這里表示一種結(jié)果，翻譯成“那么（和）”。只有兩種情況下and才會這樣翻譯： 1. 省略句 ＋ and + 句子； 2. 祈使句 ＋ and + 句子。 46. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to _A_ any further responsibilities. A take on B get on C put up D look up take on 承擔(dān)； take on responsibility 承擔(dān)責(zé)任。 48. We desire that the tour leader _A_ us immediately of any change in plans. A inform B informs C informed D has informed desire v. 要求，表要求時后面加句子要用虛擬語氣， (should) + 動詞原形。 其他同樣用法的詞還有ask, demand, request, require. 50. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time _A_ the guards discovered what had happened. A before B until C since D when It + 系動詞 + 一段時間 + before引導(dǎo)的句子 在…之前花費多少時間。 54. Scientists say it may be five or ten years _D_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A since B when C after D before 51. In the experiment we kept a watchful eye _D_ the developments and recorded every detail. [keep a watchful eye on 密切主意，留神] A in B at C for D on 52. Theres little chance that mankind would _D_ a nuclear war. A retain B endure C maintain D survive retain vt. 保持，保留； endure v. 忍受； maintain vt. 維持，保持，堅持認(rèn)為； survive vi. 生存； vt. 活過 … （賓語為某種災(zāi)難）。 survive a flood 活過一場洪水。 前綴sur表示過 … ，外，超； vive 表示生活，強調(diào)活著。 54. They usually have less money at the end of the month than _C_ at the beginning. A which is B which was C they have D it is less … than句子前后要平衡結(jié)構(gòu)。 55. In the course of a day students do far more than just _A_ classes. A attend B attended C to attend D attending far more than 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于，遠(yuǎn)不止于；也要句子前后平衡結(jié)構(gòu)。 56. The French pianist [n. 鋼琴師] who had been praised very highly _C_ to be a great disappointment. A turned up B turned in C turned out D turned down turn up 后面不加賓語表示出現(xiàn)，后面加賓語表示將聲音調(diào)高，調(diào)大； turn in + 賓語 上繳，交出； turn down 將聲音調(diào)低，調(diào)小；拒絕； refuse sb. 指直接的回絕； turn sb. down 則指委婉的拒絕； turn out + 動詞不定式 最終證明是，結(jié)果是。 57. Many difficulties have _B_ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel. A risen B arisen C raised D arrived 因本句未加賓語，估不應(yīng)選不及物動詞，可排除C項； arrive vi. 到達，抵達； rise vi. 升起，升高（側(cè)重指旗幟或太陽升起）；數(shù)量的增高（側(cè)重指水位、價位）； the sun rises in the east and sets in the west 太陽東升西落。 arise vi. 升起，升高，出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生（經(jīng)常與抽象名詞聯(lián)用）。 33. Last year the advertising rate _D_ by 20 percent. A raised B aroused C arose D rose 58. He made such a _D_ contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him. A genuine B minimum C modest D generous name after 以…的名字來命名。genuine adj. 真正的，貨真價實的； genuine leather 真皮； minimum adj. 最低的，最小的； modest adj. 謙虛謹(jǐn)慎的，適度的； generous adj. 慷慨的，慷慨大方的（修飾貢獻等用這個）。 60. In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly _B_. A gaps B intervals C length D distance interval n. 間隔（即可指空間間隔，也可指時間間隔），四級考試中專考時間間隔的概念。 interval是固定與介詞at搭配的。 61. Mr. Johnson preferred _A_ heavier work to do. A to be given B to be giving C to have given D having given 65. She is _C_ a musician than her brother. A much of B much as C more of D more as be of 具有某種性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)或特點； 66. Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _B_ by the judge. A service B sentence C crime D crisis sentence n. 判決，判刑； crisis n. 危機； economic crisis 經(jīng)濟危機； 42. Niagara Falls is a great tourist _B_, drawing millions of visitors every year. A attention B attraction C appointment D arrangement tourist attraction 旅游勝地； attention n. 注意力； appointment n. 委任的職位，約會； date n. 日期，約會，棗；表示約會時指的是異性之間的私人約會。 arrangement n. 布置，安排 blind date 兩人第一次見面的約會。 appointment 指公事性質(zhì)的，比較正式的約會。 43. I dont mind _B_ the decision as long as it is not too late. A you to delay making B your delaying making C your delaying to make D you delay to make mind 后要加動名詞； delay v. 耽擱，延誤（后面也要加動名詞） 47. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen _B_ fortably. A is worn B wears C wearing D are worn 當(dāng)wear表穿戴時，而句子的主語是被穿戴的東西時，wear是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。 65. The ing of the railways in the 1830s _A_ our society and economic life. A transformed B transported C transferred D transmitted 字根trans在四級中著重考的含義是“從一個地方到另一個地方”。 transform 改革，變革，改變； transport 運輸； transfer 轉(zhuǎn)移，移動； transmit 傳送，播送；疾病的傳染，傳播； transplant 移植。 48. Some diseases are _D_ by certain water animals. A transplanted B transformed C transported D transmitted 50. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders _B_ will happen to her private life. [wonder后面要加疑問詞] A that B what C it D this 52. Mikes uncle insists _D_ in this hotel. A staying not B not to stay C that he would not stay D that he not stay insist的兩種用法：1 insist on … 堅持，堅決要求； 2 insist + that引導(dǎo)的從句（從句謂語動詞為[should] + 動詞原形） 57. He is _A_ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year. A optimistic B optional C outstanding D obvious optimistic adj. 樂觀的； pessimistic adj. 悲觀的； be optimistic about 對…持樂觀態(tài)度。 optional adj. 隨意的，任選的，非強制性的； optional courses 選修課； outstanding adj. 卓越的，杰出的； obvious adj. 明顯的。 59. The director was critical _C_ the way we were doing the work. A at B in C of D with be critical of 對...愛挑剔的，批評。 61. _D_ she realized it was too late to go home. A No sooner it grew dark than B Hardly did