2019-2020年高中英語 Unit3《Fairness for all》教案（1） 新人教版選修10.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit3《Fairness for all》教案（1） 新人教版選修10 三點剖析 單詞典句考點 【經(jīng)典例句】 Today we went to church where our minister,Martin Luther King,Jr,announced that a boycott of the buses and trolleybuses will begin tomorrow. 今天我們?nèi)ソ烫米龆Y拜，在那里馬丁路德金牧師宣布拒乘公共汽車和電車的行動明天開始?！究键c聚焦】 1)boycott用作名詞時，后面常跟介詞 of 或against。 2)還可用作及物動詞。如:boycott a meeting 拒絕出席會議 【經(jīng)典例句】 Dr King encourages us to fight against this unfair system which prohibits us blacks from sitting where we like. 金鼓勵我們與這種禁止黑人坐在自己喜歡的地方的不公平制度斗爭。 【考點聚焦】 1）固定搭配:prohibit sth./sb.（from doing sth.） 2）類似的搭配還有:stop sb./sth.（from）doing...;prevent sb./sth.（from）doing...;forbid sb. to do...;keep sb./sth. from doing 使……不做……;阻止……發(fā)生…… 【活學(xué)活用】 1.完成句子 1）禁止大聲喧嘩。 Noises _____________. 答案：are prohibited 2）什么也不能阻止我們到那兒去。 Nothing will _____________. 答案：prohibit us from going there 【經(jīng)典例句】 It is regarded as an offence if we sit at the front of a bus and if we break this law,we receive a heavy punishment. 如果我們坐在公共汽車前部，就被認為是一種違法行為;如果我們違反這項法律，就會受到嚴(yán)懲。[來源:] 【考點聚焦】 1）用作名詞時，后面可跟 against，表示“犯罪”;也可跟to，表示“令人不快的事物”。注意以下詞組:give/cause offence to someone得罪某人;使某人不悅；take offence at sth.對某事不悅 2)offend 是動詞形式，主要義項有:犯罪;做錯事;冒犯;使某人不快。 【活學(xué)活用】 2.用以上所學(xué)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1）He mitted several serious __________. 2)Do you think he took __________ at what I said about his hair? 3)I think she was a bit __________ that she hadn’t been invited to the party. 答案：offences　2) offence　3) offended  【經(jīng)典例句】 The other three submitted but Rosa was unwilling to do so and she refused. 另外三個人服從了，但羅莎不愿意這樣做，因而她拒絕了。 【考點聚焦】 1)submit 還可表示“遞交，呈遞”，常用搭配形式為:submit sth. to sb.。 2）其名詞形式為submission，形容詞形式為submissive。 【活學(xué)活用】 3.單項填空 1）She _________ her parents’ decision at last. A.submitted B.submitted with[來源:] C.submitted to D.submitted on 答案：C 2）He submitted _________ the report _________ the matter _________ the mittee. A.to;on;to B./;about;on C.to;about;with D./;on;to[來源:] 答案：D 【經(jīng)典例句】 Taxis passed all full of passengers as we pedestrians marched on the pavement. 當(dāng)我們步行者走在人行道上時，滿載乘客的出租車從旁邊駛過。 【考點聚焦】 1)march還可用作名詞，主要義項有:行軍；前進;游行（尤指示威游行）;進行曲。大寫March為“三月”。 2）常用搭配：a ten-mile march十英里行軍；a peace march 為爭取和平的游行；military marches 軍隊進行曲 【活學(xué)活用】 4.單項填空 1）Our country benefits a lot from the __________ of science. A.march B.develop C.result D.origin 答案：A 2)The enemy was __________ the march at last. A.in B.on C.with D.by 答案：B 【經(jīng)典例句】 Those in the cars waved and we saluted them back. 車?yán)锏娜藗兿蛭覀儞]手，我們向他們致意。 【考點聚焦】 salute還可用作名詞，其義項有:舉手禮;敬禮;招呼;致意。如: He gave a smart salute. 他利索地敬了一個禮。 【活學(xué)活用】 5.翻譯句子 1)They took off their hats by the grave in silent salute. __________________________________________________________ 答案：他們在墓旁脫帽默哀。 2)We salute you for your tireless efforts for peace. __________________________________________________________ 答案：我們?yōu)槟趯で蠛推椒矫孀鞒龅牟恍概ο蚰硎揪匆狻? 【經(jīng)典例句】 In court we won a fundamental victory in the battle for our civil rights.[來源:學(xué),科,網(wǎng)] 在法庭上，我們贏得了爭取民權(quán)斗爭的基本勝利。 【考點聚焦】 還可用作動詞，意為“斗爭；搏斗;奮斗”。常用的表達方式為:battle with/against sb./sth. for sth. 短語典句考點 seize on 抓住;利用 【經(jīng)典例句】 King and the other black leaders in Montgomery have seized on this incident and decided on a collision course to change the law. 金和蒙哥馬利市的其他黑人領(lǐng)袖利用這個事件，決定通過一個沖突進程來改變法律。 【考點聚焦】 1）注意該詞組的另一種形式:seize upon。 2）相關(guān)詞組:seize up卡住，無法轉(zhuǎn)動 【活學(xué)活用】 6.用所學(xué)詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空 1）She had always wanted to go to London,so she __________ the offer of a free trip. 答案：seized on 2)The traffic __________ for miles because of the road works. 答案：had seized up live out 活過;實踐 【經(jīng)典例句】 I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed:“We hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal.” 我有一個夢想，那就是有一天這個國家會站立起來，并實現(xiàn)其信條的真諦:“我們認為’人人生而平等’這個真理是不言而喻的。” 【考點聚焦】 以live為中心的其他詞組:live for sth.以某事物為生活目標(biāo);live on繼續(xù)存在或生活;live on sth. 以……為食，靠……生活;live through sth. 經(jīng)歷某事物而幸存;live up to sth.依照某事物行事，表現(xiàn)出符合某事物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 【活學(xué)活用】 7.用所學(xué)詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空 1)He has __________ two wars. 答案：lived through 2)She __________ her dream by devoting her whole life to the education. 答案：lived out 3)The concert was brilliant—it __________ all our expectations. 答案：lived up to transform...into 把……變成/變?yōu)椤? 【經(jīng)典例句】 I have a dream that one day the state of Mississippi will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. 我有一個夢想，那就是有一天甚至密西西比州也將變成自由和正義的綠洲。 【考點聚焦】 記住類似形式的詞組:change...into...;put...into...;translate...into... 【活學(xué)活用】 8.完成下列句子 1)Can you think of a way ______________（將這塊布由黑色變成紅色）？ 答案：to transform the black cloth into red 2)Have you seen the process by which caterpillars（毛蟲） ______________（變?yōu)楹? 答案：are transformed into butterflies fight against 與……斗爭 【經(jīng)典例句】 Dr King encourages us to fight against this unfair system. 金博士鼓勵我們反對這一不公正的制度。 【考點聚焦】 以fight 為中心的其他詞組:fight for sth. 為……而戰(zhàn)斗;fight back 回擊，反擊，抵抗;fight sth. back/down 克制、抑制;fight sb./sth. off 抵抗或擊敗某人/某事物;fight sth. out 通過斗爭使……得到解決 【活學(xué)活用】 9.用所學(xué)詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空 1）Only by working together can we _________ the bird flu. 答案：fight off 2）It’s a long way for the women to _________ the same right as men.[來源:Z,xx,k] 答案：fight for judge...by...依據(jù)……判斷…… 【經(jīng)典例句】 I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but the content of their character. 我有一個夢想，希望有一天我的四個孩子將在一個不是以他們的膚色，而以他們的品德優(yōu)劣來評價他們的國度里生活。 【考點聚焦】 該詞組常以分詞的形式出現(xiàn)，即judging from/by=to judge by “由……觀察;由……判斷”，在句中作狀語。 難句剖析拓展 Today we went to church where our minister,Martin Luther King,announced that a boycott of buses and trolleybuses will begin tomorrow. 今天，我們?nèi)ソ烫米龆Y拜。在那里，我們的牧師，馬丁路德金宣布明天開始抵制公共汽車和無軌電車。 【剖析】 1)where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾church。 2)that從句為定語從句中的賓語從句。 3）Martin Luther King作our minister的同位語。 【拓展】 同位語常位于名詞或代詞后，前后用逗號分開。 Dr King encourages us to fight against this unfair system which prohibits us blacks from sitting where we like. 金博士鼓勵我們與禁止黑人坐在自己喜歡的地方的不公平制度斗爭。[來源:] 【剖析】1）which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句。[來源:] 2）where引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句，修飾sitting。 The success of the Montgomery bus boycott began the Civil Rights Movement that led to the improvement of conditions for black people in education,housing,jobs,voting,and hotels throughout the USA. 蒙哥馬利市抵制公共汽車運動的勝利，揭開了民權(quán)運動的序幕，這改善了全美黑人在教育、住房、就業(yè)、選舉等方面的狀況。 【剖析】1)that引導(dǎo)定語從句，that在定語從句中作主語; 2)lead to導(dǎo)致，帶來，引起。 【拓展】 注意lead to為動介詞組，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。 I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. 我有一個夢想:夢想有一天，我的四個孩子能生活在一個不以膚色差別，而以品德優(yōu)劣來評判他們的國度里。 【剖析】 1)that引導(dǎo)同位語從句說明dream的具體內(nèi)容; 2)where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾nation; 3)not...but...意為“不是……而是……”，連接兩個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，but后承前省略了be judged。 【拓展】 1)引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略。[來源:Z#xx#k] 2)not...but...可以連接兩個并列主語、謂語、賓語、表語、狀語等。 With this faith we will be able to work together,to pray together,to struggle together,to go to jail together,to stand up for freedom together,knowing that we will be free one day.[來源:學(xué)?？?。網(wǎng)Z。X。X。K] 有了這個信念，我們將一起工作，一起祈禱，一起抗?fàn)?，一起坐牢，一起維權(quán)，因為我們知道我們總有一天會獲得自由。 【剖析】 1)with this faith 在句中作狀語，放在句首是為了強調(diào)。 2)knowing及其引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作原因狀語。 【拓展】 為了強調(diào)句子的某一部分，可以將它放到句首。 語法剖析活用 動詞的時態(tài) 本單元重點復(fù)習(xí)動詞的時態(tài)。具體時態(tài)變化見下表（以動詞do 為例） 一般時 進行時 完成時 完成進行時 現(xiàn)在時 do/does is/are doing has/have done has/have been doing 過去時 did was/were doing had done had been doing 將來時 will do will be doing will have done will have been doing 過去將來時 would do would be doing would have done would have been doing 注意以下兩組時態(tài)的區(qū)別: 1.一般過去時和過去完成時的區(qū)別[來源:] 一般過去時是對現(xiàn)在說話時刻而言的，過去完成時則是對過去某一時間而言。兩種時態(tài)建立的時間參照點不同。過去完成時的時間狀語常用by和because 引導(dǎo)的短語表示。 2.過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別 兩種時態(tài)都常與表示一段時間的狀語連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時表示的是延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或同現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的動作（句中不可有表示過去特定時間的狀語），而過去完成時表示的是在過去某時之前已經(jīng)完成或延續(xù)到過去某時的動作（句中有表示過去特定時間的狀語）。 【活學(xué)活用】 10.單項填空 1)When Mark opened the door,he saw a woman standing there.He ________ her before. A.never saw B.had never seen C.never sees D.has never seen 答案：B　前面的句子使用了過去時態(tài)，而before則表示時間是在“過去的過去”，故用過去完成時。 2)I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard. ________? A.Has it all been finished B.Was it all finished  C.Has it all finished D.Did it all finish 答案：A　句子的語言環(huán)境是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。it指coffee，故用被動語態(tài)。問句關(guān)心的是現(xiàn)在還有沒有coffee，要用完成時態(tài)。 3)The coffee is wonderful！It doesn’t taste like anything I ________ before. A.was having B.have C.have ever had D.had ever had 答案：C　前面的句子使用了現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，而before則表示時間是在“過去”，側(cè)重于對現(xiàn)在的影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。 4)—Did you tell Julia about the result? —Oh,no,I forgot.I ________ her now. A.will be calling B.will call C.call D.am to call 答案：B　will 表示主觀意愿。 5)Scientists think that the continents ________ always where they ________ today. A.aren’t;are B.aren’t;were C.weren’t;are D.weren’t;were 答案：C　today表明第二個空使用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。又因為全句是把不同時期的continents位置對比，所以選C項。 6)By the time Jane gets home,her aunt ________ for London to attend a meeting. A.will leave B.leaves C.will have left D.left 答案：C　by短語常與完成時連用，gets home 是用現(xiàn)在表將來，所以主句用將來完成時。 7)Professor Smith,along with his assistants,__________ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A.work B.working C.is working D.are working 答案：C　謂語要與前面的主語一致?，F(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。 8)—What’s wrong with your coat? —Just now when I wanted to get off the bus,the man next to me __________ on it. A.sat B.had sat C.had been sitting D.was sitting 答案：D　注意時間狀語表示的是過去時，而主句的動作又是延續(xù)性的。 9)—What are you going to do this afternoon? —I am going to the cinema with some friends.The film __________ quite early,so we __________ to the bookstore after that. A.finished;are going B.finished;go C.finishes;are going D.finishes;go 答案：C　答語中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了am going to結(jié)構(gòu)，第二個空談?wù)摰氖强赐觌娪昂蟮拇蛩?，故仍用此結(jié)構(gòu)。因電影的放映時間是確定的，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時。 10)Years ago we didn’t know this,but recent science __________ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill. A.showed B.has shown C.will show D.is showing 答案：B　全句側(cè)重于科學(xué)研究的結(jié)果造成的影響。 11)Since I won the big prize,my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing.People __________ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A.phone B.will phone C.were phoning D.are phoning 答案：D　現(xiàn)在進行時表示這段時間正在進行的動作。本題表示動作的反復(fù)。 12)He was hoping to go abroad but his parents __________ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. A.were deciding B.have decided C.decided D.will decide  答案：B　注意but的使用及后面從句中的將來時態(tài)，可判定他父母現(xiàn)在已決定。