中考英語 第二輪 語法專題聚焦 專題七 形容詞和副詞課件.ppt
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專題七 形容詞和副詞,山西專用,考點(diǎn)一 形容詞 1作定語 修飾名詞時(shí),一般放在名詞的前面。如: He lives in a beautiful house.他住在一座漂亮的房子里。 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí),必須后置。如: I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告訴你。 else修飾疑問代詞和復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí),只能后置。如: Would you like something else?你還要?jiǎng)e的東西嗎? enough修飾名詞時(shí),既可前置,也可后置。如: We have enough time to finish the work.我們有足夠的時(shí)間來完成這項(xiàng)工作。 He ran fast enough to catch the bus.他跑得很快,足夠趕上公共汽車了。,多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),其順序?yàn)椋?限定詞(冠詞/指示代詞/形容詞性物主代詞/數(shù)詞)表示觀點(diǎn)的描繪性形容詞表示大小、長短、高低的形容詞表示形狀的形容詞表示年齡、新舊的形容詞表示顏色的形容詞表示國籍地區(qū)出處的形容詞表示物質(zhì)、材料的形容詞表示類別的形容詞(或名詞)中心詞。如: two round blue plastic plates兩個(gè)圓形的藍(lán)色塑料盤子 two big round new Chinese wooden chairs兩張圓形的新的中式木質(zhì)椅子 【口訣】限定描繪大長高,形狀年齡和新老,顏色國際跟材料,作用類別往后靠。,2作表語 形容詞經(jīng)常放在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語,初中階段常見的跟形容詞作表語的動(dòng)詞有:be,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,get,become,turn等。如: The milk smells terrible.牛奶聞起來很難聞。 有些形容詞只能作表語,如:afraid害怕的,alike相像的,alone孤獨(dú)的,asleep睡著的,awake醒著的,alive活著的,ill生病的等。如: She cleaned the room while her baby was asleep.她在孩子睡著時(shí)打掃了房間。,3作賓語補(bǔ)足語 形容詞放在賓語之后,進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明賓語,作賓語補(bǔ)足語。如: I felt it easy to learn English well.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語是很容易的。 4特殊句型 It isadj.of sb.不定式 表示某人做某事怎么樣。of sb.句型中的形容詞一般表示性格和品德,如:good,kind,nice,clever,polite等。 It is adj.for sb.不定式 表示對某人來說做某事怎么樣。for sb.句型中的形容詞一般要表示事物的特征。如:interesting,easy,useful,dangerous,safe等。,1There isnt much traffic near his house.He lives in a _neighborhood. Aquiet Bnoisy Cdirty 2Can you tell the differences between these two pictures? Differences?Oh,no.They look quite Adifferent Bsimilar Cstrange 3What was Jim wearing at the party? Nothing _He was in his usual shirt and jeans. Asimple Bspecial Cimportant 4Its _to listen to light music when you feel tired. Adangerous Bscary Crelaxing 5My family and I had a(an) _trip in Taiwan because of the typhoon and rainstorm. Asuitable Bunpleasant Ccomfortable,A,B,B,C,B,考點(diǎn)二 副詞 1副詞的作用 副詞是表示行為特征或性狀特征的詞。主要用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句。在句中主要用作狀語,也可用作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語,有時(shí)還可以作定語。如: Sometimes were very busy.有時(shí)候我們非常忙。 I met an old friend on my way home.我在回家的路上遇到一個(gè)老朋友。,2副詞的構(gòu)成,【注意】 有些以ly結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而非副詞。如:lovely可愛的,lively有生氣的,friendly友好的,lonely孤獨(dú)的,daily日常的,likely有希望的等。 有些副詞有兩種形式,其中一種形式與形容詞相同,另一種形式是在形容詞后加ly,意義有區(qū)別。常見的有:,3.副詞的分類和位置 方式副詞(放在不及物動(dòng)詞之后或及物動(dòng)詞之前),時(shí)間副詞(一般放在句尾),頻度副詞(行為動(dòng)詞之前或助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及be動(dòng)詞之后),程度副詞(被修飾的形容詞或副詞前,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后。enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)須后置),疑問副詞(通常置于句首),4.部分常用副詞的用法 too,either,also這三個(gè)副詞都表示“也”,但too用于肯定句末,either用于否定句末,also放在句中或句首。如:She can dance,and I can dance,too. I havent read the book and my brother hasnt either. They have also been to Disneyland. already,yet 一般情況下already多用于肯定句,而yet一般用于否定句和疑問句。如:He has already left. Have you heard from him yet?He hasnt answered yet. so,neither 這兩個(gè)副詞都可用于倒裝句, 但so表示肯定,neither表示否定。如:Mike likes football and so do I. My brother doesnt like dancing and neither do I.,1The sun is shining _Youd better wear sunglasses while you are out. Abrightly Blightly Cheavily 2The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around, _in winter.Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists. Aespecially Bgenerally Cprobably 3I dont think fast food is good for our health,so I _ eat it. Ausually Bhardly Calways 4What sweet music! So it is.Soft music usually makes us _ Aupset Brelaxed Cnervous 5Dont you know me?Im Lucy,your cousin. Im really sorry.I cant see _ without glasses. A. nearly B. quickly C. clearly,A,A,B,B,C,考點(diǎn)三 形容詞和副詞的比較等級 1形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成 規(guī)則變化,不規(guī)則變化,下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most,2.形容詞、副詞等級的用法 (1)原級的用法 由表示程度的副詞:very,quite,so,too,rather,enough,quite等修飾時(shí),一般用形容詞原級。如:He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。 as.as. 和一樣(中間用原級) not as(so)as和不一樣(中間用原級) 如:Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。 Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的兩倍。 This room is not so/as big as that one.這個(gè)房間不如那個(gè)大。,(2)比較級的用法 由表示程度的副詞:much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,a few,rather,any,even,still等修飾時(shí),用形容詞或副詞的比較級。 .than. 比 如: Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。 選擇疑問句中,二選一時(shí) 如: Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一個(gè)更大,地球還是月球? 用比較級表示最高級的意思 如: The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中國,長江比其他任何一條河都長。 “比較級and比較級”表示“越來越” 如: He is getting taller and taller.他長得越來越高了。 The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮了。,“the比較級,the比較級”表示“越,就越” 如: The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes youll make.你越認(rèn)真,犯的錯(cuò)誤就越少。 在比較級中為了避免重復(fù),在than后常用one,that,those等詞來替代前面提到過的名詞。如: The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.這里的天氣比上海的暖和。 表示倍數(shù)的比較。如: This room is three times bigger than that one.這個(gè)房間比那個(gè)大三倍。,(3)最高級的用法 形容詞最高級前一定要用the,副詞最高級前可省略the。形容詞最高級前面可以有物主代詞、指示代詞,名詞所有格等修飾,但此時(shí)不能再加定冠詞。如: She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。 有范圍(in,of,among或從句等)修飾的用最高級。如: Winter is the coldest season of the year.冬季是一年里最冷的季節(jié)。 This is the best film that I have ever seen.這是我所看過的電影當(dāng)中最好看的一部。 “主語beone of the形容詞最高級復(fù)數(shù)名詞in/of短語”表示“是中最之一”。如: Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大的城市之一。,選擇疑問句中用于三者或三者以上的比較。如: Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一個(gè)國家最大,中國,巴西還是加拿大? Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜歡哪一個(gè)季節(jié),春天,夏天還是秋天? 表示“第幾個(gè)最”時(shí),用“the序數(shù)詞最高級名詞單數(shù)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國的第二長河。,1Mum,could you buy me a phone like Apple 5 if I pass the exam? Of course,we can buy _one than that,but it. Aa better; better than Ba popular; as good as Ca cheaper; as good as 2How do you usually go to work? On foot.Walking is much _ than driving during the heavy traffic time. Afast Bfaster Cfastest 3I think Bob is the suitable person to take the job because he can do the work well with _ money and people. Aless; fewer Bless;more Cmore;fewer 4Im sorry Im late.I should get here 10 minutes _ Aearlier Bthe earlier Cthe earliest 5Is Lilys home _ away from school than Lindas? Yes,it is.Lily lives two miles away but Linda lives nearby. Afar Bfarther Cfarthest,C,B,A,A,B,6What do you think of the movie? Not bad.Its much _ than I expected. Agood Bbetter Cbest 7I know you are shorter than your brothers,but you run _ Amore faster Bfastest Cmore fast 8Dad,would you please drive _? No hurry.We have enough time before the plane takes off. Afaster Bmore slowly Cmore carefully 9Which season do you like _,summer or winter? Summer. Awell Bbest Cbetter 10Ted was hardworking.His success made him work _ Aharder Bhardest Cmore quickly,B,A,C,A,B,- 1.請仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對于不預(yù)覽、不比對內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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