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工業(yè)型煤成型機的設(shè)計
摘要
本論文描述了GDC955/45對輥成型機的設(shè)計和計算過程，并對關(guān)鍵部位進行了分析和研究。
工業(yè)對輥成型機是一種應(yīng)用到型煤生產(chǎn)中的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備，屬于工程機械。對輥成型機是由壓輥、軸承、給料系統(tǒng)、承壓支架、減速器（傳動裝置）、潤滑系統(tǒng)、等機構(gòu)組成。與傳統(tǒng)低速重載、剛性不足的老式減速器相比，它具有體積小、重量輕、成本低廉等優(yōu)點。
對輥組件直接關(guān)系到型煤煤球的成球質(zhì)量，工業(yè)型煤是一種廣泛應(yīng)用到冶金、制造化肥、電廠等工業(yè)領(lǐng)域、對節(jié)能、環(huán)保都具有重要意義的清潔、高效的新型燃料。本設(shè)計在對輥輥輪與對輥軸之間采用脹套無鍵連接技術(shù)，兩對對輥輥輪之間必須具有良好的對中性，否則會影響成型質(zhì)量。采用脹套無鍵連接的優(yōu)點是可以方便的松開脹套對輥輪進行調(diào)整，保證型煤的成球率。
在給料系統(tǒng)中，本裝置采用了螺旋強迫加料裝置，采用此裝置可滿足對輥成型機對加料速度，加料壓力及物料密度的匹配要求大大提高了型煤的成球強度。
本設(shè)計機架采用螺桿連接結(jié)構(gòu)，此種機架制作簡便，而且承載能力強，拆裝方便，基本滿足大型對輥成型機的工作要求。
關(guān)鍵詞：對輥成型機；工業(yè)型煤；螺旋加料；液壓加載
ABSTRACT
The process of the design and calculations GDC955/45 roll-type forming machine is described, and the crucial units are analyzed and investigated.
Industry roll-type forming machine is a crucial device applied to the manufacturing of shape-coal. It’s a kind of engineering machine. Roll-type machine consists of units such as pressing rolls, bearing, feeding system, bearing beam ,three-staged velocity-reduction gearbox (transmission system), lubricating system, and hydraulic pressing system, etc .compared conventional forming machine ,with heavy-burden and inadequate rigidity, it is of small-volume,;low-weight and low-cost.
Double rolls have a direct relation to the forming-quality of shape-coal. Industry shape-coal is a new-type of clean ,effective fuel which is widely applied to various industry field such as metallurgical industry ,manufacturing industry chemical fertilizer, calcium carbide and has a vital significance to energys-aving and environment-protection business.
Design in the paper uses expanded–casing and no-key connecting technology and it must be guaranteed that it must be of good centering character-
istic betwween ball groves of the two rolls. Otherwise the forming quality will be
seriously affected. Use expanded-casing and no-key connecting technology, rolls can can be conveniently adjusted by loosning expanded-casing to ensure the forming rate of shape coal.
In the feeding system, the frequency conversion-timinghelix feeding equipment is adopted in the system which can satisfy the requriements of speed of filing the press of the feeding and the match of the material. So ,it can also improve the intensity of the figuration of the briquette.
Design of structure uses construction of pressing rolls which can be easily removed or easily altered. This kind of structure is of simple-make and bear heavy loads. Hence,the working requirements os large scale roll-type forming maching are satisfied.
Keywords: roll-rype forming machine; industry shape-coal; thefrequency conversion-timing helix feeding system; hydraulic loading .
目 錄
第１章 總述…………………………………………………...1
1.1 對輥成型機的工作原理 1
1.2 影響型煤成型的因素 3
1.2.1 粉煤粒度、給配對粉煤成型的影響 3
1.2.2 原料混合后的均勻性與攪拌時間的影響 4
1.2.3 成型的壓力 4
1.2.4 成型過程中水分含量的影響 5
1.2.5 壓輥的直徑和寬度 6
1.2.6 兩個壓輥的間距 6
1.2.7 壓輥的轉(zhuǎn)速 6
1.3型輪主要參數(shù)設(shè)計理論 6
1.3.1 最大壓強 7
1.3.2 兩棍輪的間隙 7
1.3.3 棍輪直徑 8
1.3.4 生產(chǎn)能力計算 8
1.3.5 功率的計算 8
1.4高壓對輥成型機的設(shè)計及其新進展 9
1.4.1 壓輥 9
1.4.2 壓輥的支撐裝置 10
1.4.3 給料系統(tǒng) 11
1.4.4 承壓支架 13
1.4.5 驅(qū)動齒輪系 14
1.4.6 潤滑 14
1.4.7 液壓施壓系統(tǒng) 14
第２章對輥成型機的設(shè)計過程...........................................................................15
2.1 確定傳動方案 15
2.2 總體設(shè)計 16
2.2.1 已知主要參數(shù) 16
2.2.2 確定輥子的尺寸參數(shù) 17
2.2.3 總壓力計算 18
2.2.4 輥子的驅(qū)動力矩計算 19
2.2.5 主電機功率計算 19
2.3 非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同步減速器的設(shè)計 20
2.3.1 傳動比的分配 20
2.3.2 帶傳動設(shè)計 21
2.4 同步減速器設(shè)計 24
2.4.1 減速器的設(shè)計要求 24
2.4.2 各級傳動參數(shù)計算 25
2.4.3 I級傳動輪齒副設(shè)計計算 26
2.4.4 Ⅱ級傳動輪齒副設(shè)計計算 31
2.4.5 Ⅲ級傳動輪齒副設(shè)計計算 37
2.4.6 減速器輸入軸的設(shè)計和校核 41
2.4.7 減速器輸出軸的設(shè)計和校核 50
2.4.8 型輥軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 60
2.4.9 軸的強度校核 61
第３章成型機其他部分的設(shè)計………………………………………………...66
3.1型板材料的選擇 66
3.2液力加載系統(tǒng)分析 67
3.2.1 液力加載系統(tǒng)的特征 67
3.2.2 液力加載系統(tǒng)原理 67
3.2.3 液力支撐油缸 68
3.2.4 力加載系統(tǒng)受力動態(tài)分析 69
3.3關(guān)鍵部位設(shè)計 71
參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………………………...72
翻譯部分………………………………………………………………………...74
致謝……………………………………………………………………………...85