九年級(jí)英語(yǔ) 知識(shí)點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法(單元?dú)w納).doc

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九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總 Unit1 1. by + doing 通過(guò)……方式　如：by studying with a group by 還可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期間”、“用、” 　　　　　　　　“經(jīng)過(guò)”、“乘車”等 　　如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 談?wù)?，議論，討論　如：The students often talk about movie after class. 學(xué)生們常常在課后討論電影。 talk to sb. === talk with sb. 與某人說(shuō)話 3. 提建議的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 許多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了許多。 5. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想說(shuō)。 6. aloud, loud與loudly的用法 三個(gè)詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關(guān)。 ①aloud是副詞,重點(diǎn)在出聲能讓人聽(tīng)見(jiàn),但聲音不一定很大, 常用在讀書(shū)或說(shuō)話上。通常放在動(dòng)詞之后。aloud沒(méi)有比較級(jí) 形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son. 他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽(tīng)。 ②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時(shí),常與speak, talk, laugh等動(dòng)詞連用,多用于比較級(jí),須放在動(dòng)詞之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說(shuō)大聲一點(diǎn)。 ③loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時(shí)兩者可替換使用,但往往 含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位于動(dòng)詞之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不當(dāng)眾大聲談笑。 7. not …at all 一點(diǎn)也不 根本不 如： I like milk very much. I don’t like coffee at all. 我非常喜歡牛奶。我一點(diǎn)也不喜歡咖啡。 not經(jīng)?？梢院椭鷦?dòng)詞結(jié)合在一起，at all 則放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 對(duì)…感興奮 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我對(duì)去北京感到興奮。 9. ① end up doing sth 終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事 如： The party ended up singing. 晚會(huì)以唱歌而結(jié)束。 ② end up with sth. 以…結(jié)束 如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚會(huì)以她的歌唱而告終。 10. first of all 首先 . to begin with 一開(kāi)始 later on 后來(lái)、隨 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中間 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯錯(cuò) 如：I often make mistakes. 我經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)。 make a mistake 犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤 如： I have made a mistake. 我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 13. laugh at sb. 笑話；取笑（某人） 如：Don’t laugh at me! 不要取笑我! 14. take notes 做筆記，做記錄 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做…樂(lè)意做… 如： She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。 enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過(guò)得愉快。 16. native speaker 說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的人 17. make up 組成、構(gòu)成 18. one of +(the+ 形容詞比較級(jí))+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 …其中之一 如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受歡迎的教師之一。 19. It’s +形容詞+(for sb. ) to do sth. (對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事… 如：It’s difficult (for me ) to study English. 對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)太難了。 句中的it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是to study English 20. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事 如： She often practice speaking English. 她經(jīng)常練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。 21. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。 22. unless 假如不，除非 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你會(huì)失敗。 I won’t write unless he writes first. 除非他先寫(xiě)要不我不寫(xiě) 23. deal with 處理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 媽媽剛才擔(dān)心他的兒子。 25. be angry with sb. 對(duì)某人生氣 如： I was angry with her. 我對(duì)她生氣。 26. perhaps === maybe 也許 27. go by (時(shí)間) 過(guò)去 如： Two years went by. 兩年過(guò)去了。 28. see sb. / sth. doing 看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事 強(qiáng)調(diào)正在發(fā)生 see sb. / sth. do 看見(jiàn)某人在做某事 如： 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看見(jiàn)他正在教室里畫(huà)畫(huà)。 29. each other 彼此 30. regard… as … 把…看作為…. 如： 　The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。 31. too many　許多　修飾可數(shù)名詞　如：too many girls too much　許多　修飾不可數(shù)名詞 如：too much milk much too　太　　修飾形容詞 如：much too beautiful 32. change…　into…　將…變?yōu)椤? 如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 　　 　　這個(gè)魔術(shù)師將這本書(shū)變?yōu)橐槐緯?shū)。 33. with the help of sb. == with one’s help 在某人的幫助下 如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei’s help 　　　　在李雷的幫助下 34. compare … to …　把…與…相比　 如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 　　你和安娜相比，你是幸運(yùn)的。 35. instead 代替　用在句末，副詞（字面上常不譯出來(lái)） instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，動(dòng)詞 　　如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I’m going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去北京, 今年我將要去上海。 　　　　I will go instead of you. 我將代替你去。 　　　　He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。 九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit2 1. used to do sth. 過(guò)去常常做某事 　否定形式：　didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth. 如：He used to play football after school. 放學(xué)后他過(guò)去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. He didn’t use to smoke. 他過(guò)去不吸煙。 2. 反意疑問(wèn)句 　 ①肯定陳述句＋否定提問(wèn)　如：Lily is a student, isn’t she? Lily will go to China, won’t she? 　 ②否定陳述句＋肯定提問(wèn) 如： She doesn’t come from China, does she? You haven’t finished homework, have you? 　?、厶釂?wèn)部分用代詞而不用名詞 Lily is a student, isn’t she? 　?、荜愂鼍渲泻蟹穸ㄒ饬x的詞，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑問(wèn)句用肯定式。 如： 　　He knows little English, does he?　他一點(diǎn)也不懂英語(yǔ)，不是嗎？ They hardly understood it, did they?他們幾乎不明白，不是嗎？ 3. play the piano　彈鋼琴 4. ①be interested in sth. 對(duì)…感興趣 ②be interested in doing sth. 對(duì)做…感興趣 如：He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking 　　 English. 他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣，但是他對(duì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)不感興趣。 5. interested adj. 感興趣的，指人對(duì)某事物感興趣，往往主語(yǔ)是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語(yǔ)往往是物 6. still 仍然，還　 　　用在be　動(dòng)詞的后面　如：I’m still a student. 用在行為動(dòng)詞的前面　如：I still love him. 7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗 8. 害怕… be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog. be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking. 9. on 副詞，表示（電燈、電視、機(jī)械等）在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中/打開(kāi)， 其反義詞off. 　with the light on 燈開(kāi)著 10. walk to somewhere 步行到某處 walk to school 步行到學(xué)校 11.　spend 動(dòng)詞，表示“花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間” ①spend…on sth. 在某事上花費(fèi)（金錢、時(shí)間） ②spend…doing sth. 花費(fèi)（金錢、時(shí)間）去做某事　如： He spends too much time on clothes. 他花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間在衣著 He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花費(fèi)了三個(gè)月去建這座橋。 Pay for 花費(fèi) 如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元買這本書(shū)。 12. take 動(dòng)詞　有“花費(fèi)”的意思　常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有： 　　take sb. … to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book. take … to do sth. 13. chat with sb. 與某人閑聊　如：I like to chat with him. 我喜歡和他聊天。 14. worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事　worry 是動(dòng)詞 　 be worried about sb./sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事　worried 是形容詞　 如：Don’t worry about him. 不用擔(dān)心他。 　　Mother is worried about her son. 媽媽擔(dān)心他的兒子。 15. all the time 一直、始終 16. take sb. to + 地方　送/帶某人去某個(gè)地方　如： 　　A person took him to the hospital. 一個(gè)人把他送到了醫(yī)院。 Lui took me home. 劉把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to) 17. hardly adv. 幾乎不、沒(méi)有 hardly ever 很少　 hardly 修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常放在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義 動(dòng)詞之前　助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋hardly 　　　 hardly + 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞　　如： 　　I can hardly understand them. 我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛎靼姿麄儭? 　　I hardly have time to do it. 我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有時(shí)間去做了。 18. miss v. 思念、想念、　錯(cuò)過(guò) 19. in the last few years. 在過(guò)去的幾年內(nèi)　常與完成時(shí)連用　如： I have lived in China in the last few years. 在過(guò)去的幾年內(nèi)我在中國(guó)住。 20. be different from 與…不同　 21. how to swim 怎樣游泳　 　　不定式與疑問(wèn)詞連用：動(dòng)詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句連用，構(gòu)成不定工短語(yǔ)。如： The question is when to start. 問(wèn)題是什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。 I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。 22. make sb./ sth. + 形容詞　　make you happy make sb./ sth. + 動(dòng)詞原形 make him laugh 23. move to +地方　搬到某地　如：I moved to Beijing last year. 24. it seems that +從句　看起來(lái)好像……　如： 　　It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起來(lái)他好像變了許多。 25. help sb. with sth. 幫某人某事　 help sb. (to ) do sth. 幫某人做某事　 She helped me with English.　她幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 She helped me (to) study English?！∷龓椭覍W(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 26. fifteen-year-old 作形容詞　15歲的　 fifteen-year-olds 作名詞指15歲的人 　 fifteen years old 指年齡　15歲　如： a fifteen-year-old boy　一個(gè)15歲的男孩 Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15歲的人喜歡唱歌。 I am fifteen years old . 我是15歲。 27.支付不起… 　can’t /couldn’t afford to do sth. 　　　　　　 can’t / couldn’t afford sth. 如：I can’t/couldn’t afford to buy the car. I can’t/couldn’t afford the car. 我買不起這個(gè)輛小車。 28. as + 形容詞./副詞＋as sb. could/can 盡某人的…能力　如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她盡她最快的能力去跑。 29. get into trouble with 遇到麻煩　 30. in the end 最后 31. make a decision 下決定　下決心　 32. to one’s surprise 令某人驚訝　如： to their surprise　令他們驚訝　to LiLei’s surprise令李雷驚訝 33. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪　如： His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸總是以他而自豪 34. pay attention to sth. 對(duì)…注意，留心　如： 　　You must pay attention to your friend. 你應(yīng)該多注意你的朋友。 35. be able to do sth. 能做某事　如： 　　　She is able to do it. 她能夠做到。 36. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事　如： 　　　My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已經(jīng)放棄吸煙了。 37.不再 ①no more == no longer 如： 　　　 I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打網(wǎng)球。 　　?、趎ot …any more == not …any longer　如： I don’t play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打網(wǎng)球。 38. go to sleep 入睡 九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit3 1.語(yǔ)態(tài)： ?、儆⒄Z(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和補(bǔ)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)　 　　主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 　　被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者　 　 Cats 　eat 　fish. 　　?。ㄖ鲃?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）貓吃魚(yú)。 　 Fish is eaten by cats.　(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))魚(yú)被貓吃。 ②被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 　　由“助動(dòng)詞be ＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成 　　助動(dòng)詞be 有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be 作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。 時(shí)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) 例句 一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí) am are +過(guò)去分詞 is English is spoken in many countries. 一般過(guò)去 時(shí) was +過(guò)去分詞 were + 過(guò)去分詞 This bridge was built in 1989. 情 態(tài) 動(dòng) 詞 can/should may +be+過(guò)去分詞 must/…… The work must be done right now. ③被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法 當(dāng)我們不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）如： 　 Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。 　be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）如： 　　LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 　讓/使（別人）做某事　 get sth. done(過(guò)去分詞) 　　　　　　　　　　　 have sth. done 如： 　I get my car made. == I have my car made. 我讓別人修好我的車 4. enough 足夠　 　形容詞＋enough 如：beautiful enough　足夠漂亮 enough＋名詞　如：enough food 足夠食物 enough to 　足夠…去做…　如： 　　　I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書(shū)了。 5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事　Please stop speaking.請(qǐng)停止說(shuō)話。 stop to do sth. 停止下來(lái)去做某事　Please stop to speak. 　　請(qǐng)停下來(lái)說(shuō)話。 6. 看起來(lái)好像…sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +從句 He seems to feel very sad. It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來(lái)好像很傷心。 7. 系動(dòng)詞不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，要和表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。常用的連系動(dòng)詞有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。連系動(dòng)詞除be 和become 等少數(shù)詞可接名詞作表語(yǔ)外，一般都是接形容詞?！∪纾? 　　They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired. 8. 倒裝句: 由so＋助動(dòng)詞(be/do/will/have)/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)　意為：…也是一樣 　　She is a student. So am I.　她是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school. So will he.　她將去學(xué)校，他也是。 9. yet 仍然，還　常用在否定句或疑問(wèn)句當(dāng)中 10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經(jīng)常熬夜到12點(diǎn)。 11. clean up 打掃　整理　如： 　　I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經(jīng)打掃完了臥室。 12. 程度副詞： always總是 usually經(jīng)常 sometimes有時(shí) never從不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我總是/經(jīng)常/有時(shí)/從不上學(xué)遲到。 13. 曾經(jīng)做某事：　 　　Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. 14. go shopping(去購(gòu)物), go fishing(去釣魚(yú)), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步) 15. be strict with sb. 對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲　如： Mother is strict with her son. 媽媽對(duì)她的兒子很嚴(yán)厲。 16. take the test 參加考試 pass the test 通過(guò)考試 fail a test 考試失敗 17. the other day 前幾天 18. agree 同意　反義詞 disagree不同意 動(dòng)詞 agreement 同意　反義詞 disagreement 不同意　名詞 18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容詞　使某人/某物保持….　如： 　　We should keep our city clean.我們應(yīng)該保持我們的城市干凈。 19. both…and…　+動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball. 20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向誰(shuí)學(xué)習(xí)(什么) 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語(yǔ)老師學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) 21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事 如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing. 22. at present 目前 23. at least 最少 at most 最多 24. 花費(fèi) take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book. 25. have +時(shí)間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off 26. reply to 答復(fù)某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen. 27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意見(jiàn) 如：I agree to LiLei. 28. get in the way of 礙事，妨礙 如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社會(huì)生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。 29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 與think of 的區(qū)別 ①當(dāng)兩者譯為： 認(rèn)為、想起、記著時(shí)，兩者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我經(jīng)常想起那天。 ②think about 還有“考慮”之意 ，think of 想到、想出時(shí)兩者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一個(gè)好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。 31. 對(duì)… 熱衷， 對(duì)…興趣 be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對(duì)跳舞熱衷。 be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對(duì)他感興趣。 32. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事 She often practice speaking English. 33. care about sb. 關(guān)心某人 如：Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也 用于句中 either也 用于否定句且用于句末 too 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生 I am a student too. 我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生。 I am not a student either. 我也不是一個(gè)學(xué)生。 九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit4 1. if 引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)性條件狀語(yǔ)從句 即 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 通過(guò)動(dòng)詞形式的變化來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) 所持的態(tài)度或看法的動(dòng)詞形式稱為語(yǔ)氣，虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的 話不是事實(shí)，而是一種祝愿，建議或是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。 If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句分為真實(shí)和非真實(shí)條件句，非真實(shí)條件 句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如果要表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí)，其虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為： 句 型 條件從句 主 句 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞用were) would+動(dòng)詞原形 即：(從句)if +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be 動(dòng)詞用were), 一般過(guò)去時(shí) (主句) 主語(yǔ)+would+動(dòng)詞原形 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 如：If I had time, I would go for a walk. 如果我有時(shí)間，我就會(huì)去散步。(事實(shí)上我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有時(shí)間) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的話，我會(huì)帶上雨傘。(事實(shí)上我不是你) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員，我會(huì)表示拒絕。(事實(shí)上瑞沒(méi)有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員) 2. pretend to do sth. 假裝做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +從句 假裝… I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 遲到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 4. a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別 ⑴ a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者表肯定意義 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 ⑵ few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little 少數(shù)的　修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者表否定意義 如：He has few friends. 他沒(méi)有幾個(gè)朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒(méi)有多少糖。 5. still 仍然,還 用在be動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前 如： I am still a student.我仍然是個(gè)學(xué)生 I still love him.我仍然愛(ài)他。 6. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十億)詞前面有數(shù)詞或several 一詞時(shí)要不能加s ，反之，則要加s 并與of 連用， 表示數(shù)量很 多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 幾百/千/百萬(wàn)/十億人 hundreds of trees 上百棵樹(shù) 7. what if + 從句 如果…怎么辦 ， 要是… 又怎么樣 如： What if she doesn’t come? 要是她不來(lái)怎么辦？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么辦？ 8. add sth. to sth. 添加…到… 如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。 9. 系動(dòng)詞與形容詞連用 get nervous 變得緊張 feel shy 覺(jué)得害羞 look friendly 看起來(lái)友好 10. too +形/副+to do sth. 太…而不能 如： I’m too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。 11. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他們幫助你放松 12. in public 在公共場(chǎng)所 如: Don’t smoke in public. 請(qǐng)不要在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙。 13. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一個(gè)活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。 14. ask sb. to do 叫…做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫…不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告訴…做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴…不要做某事 如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. 15. start doing == start to do. 開(kāi)始做某事 如： He started speaking/ to speak. 他開(kāi)始說(shuō)話。 16. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那里借來(lái)某物 如： I borrowed a book from Lily. 我從莉莉那里借來(lái)一本書(shū)。 17.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am wait for him. 我正在等他。 18. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介紹給某人 如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介紹給安娜。 19. invite sb. to do 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 如： Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀請(qǐng)我去她家吃晚飯。 20. have dinner/ supper 吃晚飯 have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐 21. plenty of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞 許多 如： They have plenty of food/ apples. 他們有許多的食物/蘋果。 22. 給某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 給我一個(gè)蘋果 23. get along with sb. 與…相處 如： Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相處得好嗎？ 24. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如： I would rather walk than run. 25. whole 整個(gè) 26. in fact 事實(shí)上 27. let sb. down 讓某人失望 如： Don’t let your mother down. 不要讓你的媽媽失望。 28. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如：He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一個(gè)好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上 趕上 如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉趕上了安娜。 29. have experience doing 在做某事有經(jīng)驗(yàn) 如： I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英語(yǔ)方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 30. come out 出版，出來(lái) 如：The magazine comes out once a week. 這種雜志每周出一次。 31. by accident 偶然地，無(wú)意之中 如： Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上個(gè)星期我不小心割到自己的手指。 32. hurry to do 匆忙… I hurry to call the police. 33. more than 超過(guò) 34. offer sb. sth. 給某人提供某物 賓語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。 由連接詞+ 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)　構(gòu)成 　常由下面的一些詞引導(dǎo)： ㈠由that 引導(dǎo) 表示陳述意義 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他說(shuō)他在家里。 ㈡由if , whether 引導(dǎo) 表示 一般疑問(wèn)意義(帶有是否、已否、對(duì)否等) I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韋華是否喜歡魚(yú)。 ㈢由 連接代詞、連接副詞(疑問(wèn)詞) 引導(dǎo) 表示特殊疑問(wèn)意義 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要買什么嗎？ ㈣從句時(shí)態(tài)要與主句一致 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài) He says (that ) he is at home. 他說(shuō)他在家里。 I don’t know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他將會(huì)什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？ 當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)使用過(guò)去某時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)) He said (that) he was at home. 他說(shuō)他在家里。 I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。 Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他將會(huì)什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？ 九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit5 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài) ⑴由have/ has ＋　過(guò)去分詞 ⑵表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 常與already, just , yet , ever, never 連用 Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了嗎？ Yes, I have. I have just finished it.　是的。我剛剛完成了。 I have already finished it .　我已經(jīng)完成了。 Have you ever been to China?　你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)中國(guó)嗎？ No, I have never been there.　沒(méi)有，我從來(lái)也沒(méi)有去過(guò)。 ⑶①表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作　或狀態(tài)和表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段時(shí)間的狀態(tài)連用如：（for + 時(shí)間段，since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作， 以及how long ） ②注： 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成 時(shí)態(tài)中不能和for, since 引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)的肯定句連用。 應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 如：buy---- have die---- be dead join ---- be in borrow----- keep leave---- be away I have bought a pen.------ I have had a pen for 2 weeks. The dog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week. ⑷①have (has) been to + 地點(diǎn) 去過(guò)某地 已經(jīng)回來(lái) ②have (has) gone to + 地點(diǎn) 去了某地 沒(méi)有回來(lái) ③have been in + 地點(diǎn) 一直呆在某地 沒(méi)有離開(kāi)過(guò) 如： She has been to Shanghai. 她去過(guò)上海。(已經(jīng)回來(lái)) She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(沒(méi)有回來(lái)) She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海兩天了。(沒(méi)有離開(kāi)過(guò)上海) 1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must, may , might, could, may , can’t表示推測(cè)含義與用法后面都接動(dòng)詞原形，都可以表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的揣測(cè)和推斷但他們含義有所不同 must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性) may, might, could有可能，也許 (20%－80%的可能性) 　 can’t 不可能，不會(huì) (可能性幾乎為零) 　 The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it. The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because he likes listening to pop music. The hair band can’t be Bob’s. After all, he is boy! 2. whose 誰(shuí)的　疑問(wèn)詞　作定語(yǔ)　后面接名詞 如：Whose book is this? This is Lily’s. 3. belong to 屬于　如： That English book belongs to me. 4. 當(dāng)play 指彈奏樂(lè)器時(shí)，常在樂(lè)器前用定冠詞　如： 　　play the guitar play the piano play the violin 當(dāng)play 指進(jìn)行球類運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，則不用定冠詞　如： 　 play football play basketball play baseball 5. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)， 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)　如： 　　If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.如果你不快點(diǎn)，你將會(huì)遲到 6. if you have any idea== if you know 如果你知道 7. on　關(guān)于（學(xué)術(shù)，科目） 8. try to do sth. 嘗試做某事　如：　　I try to climb the tree. 我嘗試爬樹(shù)。 9. because of , because because of + 名詞/代詞/名詞性短語(yǔ) because +　從句　　如：　　I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。 I had to move because of my job. 因?yàn)楣ぷ鞯脑蛭业冒峒摇? 10. own v.－owner n. listen v.－listener n. learn v.－learner n. 11. catch a bus 趕公車 12. neighbor 鄰居　指人 neighborhood 鄰居　指地區(qū)也可指附近地區(qū)的人　 13. local 當(dāng)?shù)氐摹∪纾簂ocal teacher 當(dāng)?shù)氐慕處? 14. noise n. 噪音　是個(gè)可數(shù)名詞　noises 15. call the police 報(bào)警　如：Quick! Call the police! 快！叫警察！ 16. anything strange 一些奇怪的東西 當(dāng)形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時(shí)，放在這些詞的后面 17. there be s