高中英語(yǔ) unit 2《the olympic games》vocabulary and useful expressions教案 新人教版必修2

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111Unit 2 The Olympic Games 1.ancient adj.(1)古代的 in ancient times(2)古老的；年代久遠(yuǎn)的e.g. We were deeply attracted by the ancient building.辨析：易混詞辨析例句ancient指“歷史上久遠(yuǎn)的，古代的”He believes in ancient myths.old指“古老的，年老的，年代久的”O(jiān)ne is never too old to learn.ancientmoderncontemporary2.take part in易混短語(yǔ)（詞）辨析例句take part in指參加有組織的、嚴(yán)肅的、重大的活動(dòng)。Every four years, many athletes from different countries take part in/join in the Olympic Games.join in指參加正在進(jìn)行著的活動(dòng)或游戲等，有時(shí)可與take part in換用。join指參加團(tuán)體和組織，成為其中的一個(gè)成員，也可用于join sb. in (doing) sth.（與某人一起做某事）Would you join us in the football game?attend相當(dāng)于be present at，意為“出席，參加”。后常跟meeting, wedding, lecture, class, funeral等。He was invited to attend the Boao Forum for Asia.3.event易混詞辨析例句accident事件，大事；比賽項(xiàng)目His became disable in a bad car accident.event意外之事（尤指災(zāi)難）Its an event for the whole family.incident事情，小事件；事變，突發(fā)事件Its an incident for the country.affair事務(wù)，事件，私事The new minister was in charge of foreign affairs.4.stand for代表；主張，支持；容忍，接受stand by袖手旁觀，站在一邊 stand up起立，站得住腳stand out顯眼，引人注目 stand down退出（比賽等）stand up for為而站起來(lái)，支持 stand up to勇敢地面對(duì)，經(jīng)得起5.interview(1)vt. （記者等）采訪，訪問(wèn)(2)vt. 與進(jìn)行面談，面試(3)n. （記者等的）采訪；訪談；面試，面談；（兩人之間的）會(huì)談；面談view看-interview互相之間看（會(huì)見(jiàn)；采訪） preview先看（預(yù)習(xí)；預(yù)演） review再看（復(fù)習(xí)；復(fù)審）6.journeyon a journey意為“進(jìn)行旅行”，常與go, start, come, be等搭配使用辨析：易混詞辨析例句voyage指“海上旅行”或“航行”Columbus voyaged across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. travel“旅行”的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。Travel in the mountains can be slow and dangerous.journey指長(zhǎng)途陸路旅行，特指“旅途”本身。Its a long long journey Till I know where Im supposed to betrip指短途短期旅行，一般為往返旅行。They made a trip to the lakeside last weekend.tour指“團(tuán)隊(duì)”觀光旅游。也可表示“巡視”“巡回比賽”或“演出”。The band is on tour in China.7.find out about弄清有關(guān)的情況辨析：易混短語(yǔ)（詞）辨析例句find out通常指經(jīng)過(guò)努力有意去“找，打聽(tīng)，弄清楚”Please find out what time they are coming.find通常意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，有時(shí)指無(wú)意間“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，有時(shí)表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力或研究而“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。Ive found the money I was looking for.discover通常表示發(fā)現(xiàn)本來(lái)就存在，但尚未被人所知的事物或地方。Columbus discovered the New World in 1492.8.time時(shí)代，時(shí)期111against time爭(zhēng)分奪秒地，盡快地 ahead of time超前的(at) any time在任何時(shí)候at no time在任何時(shí)候都不at that time在那時(shí)at the time of在的時(shí)候before the times在時(shí)代前沿behind time在原定時(shí)間以后，遲到by this time到此刻，到現(xiàn)在for a time暫時(shí)，一度all the time一直，始終at all times無(wú)論任何，一直at a time,一次；一度at one time同時(shí)；曾經(jīng)at the same time同時(shí)；但，然而at times有時(shí)，不時(shí)behind the times落后于時(shí)代every time每次，每當(dāng)for the time being暫時(shí)，眼下1119.regularadj.規(guī)則的；有規(guī)律的；間隙均勻的；定時(shí)的；通常的；平常的；慣常的n.?？?，老主顧；主力（或正式）隊(duì)員10.basis(1)原因，緣由on the basis of/that(2)基準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則；方式on a regular basis例行的，有規(guī)律的(3)基礎(chǔ)；要素；基點(diǎn)e.g. The basis of a good marriage is trust.辨析：basis抽象 base具體11.admit(1)允許（人或物）進(jìn)入；讓進(jìn)入admit sb. to/into允許某人進(jìn)入；吸收某人為的成員be admitted as作為被接受（后接表示成員的名詞）(2)容納e.g. This classroom admits only 20 students.(3)承認(rèn)，供認(rèn)admit (+to) + sth./doing sth.承認(rèn)某事；做過(guò)某事admit + that-clause承認(rèn)admit sb./sth. to be + adj./n.承認(rèn)為e.g. I admit my mistake(that I was wrong).He admitted to stealing my pen.12.nowadays現(xiàn)今；現(xiàn)在；目前辨析：易混詞辨析例句nowadays不指此刻，它常用于現(xiàn)今與舊時(shí)習(xí)俗、習(xí)慣等的對(duì)比中，帶有感情色彩。Nowadays, scientific develops very quickly. now含義較廣，既可指說(shuō)話的此刻，也可指目前。He is sleeping now.13.allow允許，準(zhǔn)許；承認(rèn)allow + n./pron.允許allow + n./pron. + to do允許做allow doing允許做allow + n. + prep./adv.允許allow + that-clause承認(rèn)He believes that children should/ought to/must be allowed to learn/study（應(yīng)允許學(xué)習(xí)）at their own pace.(allow)14.play a role in（在中）扮演角色；（在中）起作用e.g. Tom Hanks played a leading role（扮演主角） in the film “Forest Gump”.(play)play a role/part of表示“扮演角色”15.as well辨析：易混短語(yǔ)（詞）辨析例句as well用于肯定句，只用于句末。He plays basketball as well.also用于肯定句，用在句中。He also plays basketball.too用于肯定句，用在句中或句末。He plays basketball, too.either用于否定句。He doesnt play basketball, either.辨析：易混短語(yǔ)辨析例句as well副詞短語(yǔ)，一般放在肯定句句末，as well如用作連詞必須和and, but連用，其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在 后。He plays basketball as well.as well as連詞詞組，可連接兩個(gè)并列成分。He plays basketball as well as football.a. as well as連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)前一個(gè)主語(yǔ)確定，其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在前邊部分。此外，還有together with, along with, besides(but, except), including, rather than等也屬此種情況。e.g. He as well as I likes money.b. not onlybut also連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)后一個(gè)主語(yǔ)確定動(dòng)詞的形式，其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在后一部分。c. as well as后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞常用-ing形式。d. as well as位于句首時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞須用-ing形式。3.不能用“A, B as well C”結(jié)構(gòu)，但可用“A as well as B and C”或“A and B as well as C”結(jié)構(gòu)。16.hostvt. 做東，主辦London will host the 30th Olympic Games in 2012.（將主辦第三十屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)）n.主人，東道主e.g. London will be the host country of the 30th Olympic Games.辨析：易混詞辨析例句host與guest（客人）相對(duì)應(yīng)master與servant（仆人）相對(duì)應(yīng)17. responsibilityresponsibility for sth./for doing sth./to do sth. 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)take o the responsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任 on ones own responsibility由某人自己負(fù)責(zé)a sense of responsibility責(zé)任感18. honour(1)C光榮的人或事（通常 用an honour）e.g. He is an honour to our school.(2)U榮譽(yù)；信譽(yù)；名譽(yù)e.g. win honour for ones motherland May I have the honour of this dance?(3)U尊敬；敬意show honour to對(duì)表示敬意(4)vt. 尊敬，給某人以榮譽(yù)honour sb. with sth.用某事來(lái)向某人表達(dá)敬意be/feel honoured to do sth.（做某事）感到榮幸e.g. Will you honour me with a visit?其他可具體化的抽象名詞，表示“一個(gè)的人、一件的事”，surprise, pleasure, delight, success, failure.19.must(1)（表示必要或很重要）必須(2)（表示很有可能或符合邏輯）一定e.g. You must think math is difficult.(3)（提出建議）應(yīng)該，得e.g. You must study hard.may/must/can + v.表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的推測(cè)。對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的推測(cè)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have + done這種結(jié)構(gòu)。-Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?-She _ in the classroom. I saw her there just now.A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been20. replace(1)代替，取代replace sth./sb. replace sth./sb. with/by(2)替換(3)把放回原處take the place of sb./sth. = replace sb./sth.take ones place = take ones seatin place of instead of21. competecompete with/against sb. for sth.因而與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)compete in sth.參加比薩（或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)）in competition with 與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)22.high辨析：易混詞辨析例句high用作形容詞或副詞，指具體高矮程度的“高”。The player can jump really high, so we all speak highly of him.highly只用作副詞，相當(dāng)于“very much”，指很高程度，表抽象意義。用法類似的副詞還有：wide, widely; deep, deeply; close, closely23.swift(1)迅速發(fā)生；馬上做出的，迅速的(2)速度快的；敏捷的；矯健的辨析：易混詞辨析例句fast“快的，迅速的，敏捷的”，尤用于指告訴運(yùn)動(dòng)的人或事物。He is the fastest runner in 2008.rapid“短時(shí)間發(fā)生的；快速的，快捷的”，常用于描述事物變化的速度，而非運(yùn)動(dòng)或完成的速度。The disease is spreading at a rapid rate.quick常用以描述迅速或立刻完成的事Be quick!swift通常用以描述事物發(fā)生或完成的速度“快而迅疾”。The government took swift action.24. similaritysimilarity between A and Bsimilarity to sb./sth.similarity in sth.be similar to sb. be similar in sth.25. put forward(1)推薦，舉薦e.g. He put me forward for monitor.(2)提出，提議；建議(3)將提前(4)向前撥快（時(shí)鐘指針）put away put down put in put off put on put up put up with26.bargaininto the bargain=as well另外，而且，也bargain with sb. over/about/for sth.就某物與某人討價(jià)還價(jià)bargain sth. away做虧本交易，賤賣bargain for/on sth.（常用于否定句中）預(yù)想到，預(yù)料到make a bargain with sb. about sth.與某人就達(dá)成協(xié)議strike a bargain with sb.與成交27.run against(1)和賽跑(2)競(jìng)選(3)撞到，碰著e.g. Lost in thought, he ran against a lamp-post.run across無(wú)意間碰到run at攻擊，向沖去run for競(jìng)選run out (of)（某物）用完run over溢出，軋過(guò)run short (of)缺（某物），快用完（某物）了run after追趕；追求run away走掉，跑掉run into無(wú)意間碰上；撞上28.hear of辨析：易混短語(yǔ)（詞）辨析例句hear“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，聽(tīng)到”，指聲音入耳；“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”，后接從句I heard that he had a fever.hear about“聽(tīng)到，聽(tīng)說(shuō)”，聽(tīng)到關(guān)于是某人或某事物的詳情。（后跟事物。）Did you hear about the party?hear of“聽(tīng)到，聽(tīng)說(shuō)”，只表示聽(tīng)說(shuō)從而知道某人或某物的客觀存在。（后可跟事物或人）I have heard of him, but I dont know about him.hear from“收到某人的來(lái)信”，from后接人而非信件。I heard from him since he was sperated.29.amazedbe amazed at sth./to do sth./that30.pick up(1)撿起；拾起；抬起(2)（用車）去接某人(3)收拾，收取(4)獲得，（偶然）學(xué)會(huì)e.g. You can pick up Chinese easily if you live in China.(5)（車輛）中途搭人或接貨(6)收聽(tīng)到；接收e.g. We picked up signals for the exam.(7)買到某物（尤指廉價(jià)地或幸運(yùn)地）e.g. She picked up some fine dresses on sale.(8)使增加；加快e.g. The car is picking up speed.(9)恢復(fù)（健康、體力）等pick and choose挑揀，精挑細(xì)選pick ones brains討價(jià)，請(qǐng)教pick holes in sth.挑毛病pick up pieces（使）恢復(fù)，補(bǔ)救，收拾殘局pick sth. off去除，剪除pick on sb.（跟某人）找別扭，故意刁難別人；選中pick sth. out精挑細(xì)選；辨別出31.painon/under pain of sth.違犯規(guī)則受到某種懲罰a pain in the neck及其討厭的人（或物）at (the) pains盡力，用心，下苦力bear/endure/under pain忍受痛苦spare no pains不遺余力，全力以赴take pains盡力，費(fèi)苦心，耐心單復(fù)數(shù)不同，意義不同的詞：?jiǎn)卧~單數(shù)意義復(fù)數(shù)意義condition狀況，狀態(tài)環(huán)境，形勢(shì)custom習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗海關(guān)；關(guān)稅arm手臂武器force力量，勢(shì)力軍隊(duì)，兵力horizon地平線眼界，見(jiàn)識(shí)sand沙子沙灘，沙地pain疼痛辛苦32. one after anotherone after another一個(gè)接一個(gè)地（強(qiáng)調(diào)連續(xù)性） one by one一個(gè)一個(gè)地（強(qiáng)調(diào)一次一個(gè)）111