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黑龍江工程學院本科生畢業(yè)設計摘要本次設計的題目是重型車輛車橋設計。驅動橋一般由主減速器、差速器、半軸及橋殼四部分組成,其基本功用是增大由傳動軸或直接由變速器傳來的轉矩,將轉矩分配給左、右車輪,并使左、右驅動車輪具有汽車行駛運動學所要求的差速功能;此外,還要承受作用于路面和車架或車廂之間的鉛垂力、縱向力和橫向力。本設計首先論述了驅動橋的組成,再分析驅動橋各部分結構型式,確定總體設計方案:采用整體式驅動橋,主減速器的減速型式采用單級減速器,主減速器齒輪采用螺旋錐齒輪,差速器采用普通對稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器,半軸采用全浮式型式,橋殼采用鋼板沖壓焊接式整體式橋殼。在本次設計中,主要完成了單級減速器、圓錐行星齒輪差速器、全浮式半軸的設計和橋殼的校核及CAD繪圖等工作。關鍵詞:驅動橋;主減速器;差速器;半軸;橋殼;CAD;設計;校核ABSTRACTThe object of the design is The Design for Driving Axle of truck of Cellon CA1080. Driving Axle is consisted of Final Drive, Differential Mechanism, Half Shaft and Axle Housing. The basic function of Driving Axle is to increase the torque transmitted by Drive Shaft or directly transmitted by Gearbox, then distributes it to left and right wheel, and make these two wheels have the differential function which is required in Automobile Driving Kinematics; besides, the Driving Axle must also stand the lead hangs down strength, the longitudinal force and the transverse force acted on the road surface, the frame or the compartment lead. The configuration of the Driving Axle is introduced in the theses at first. On the basis of the analysis of the structure ,the developing process and advantages and disadvantages of the former type of Driving Axle, the design adopted the Integral Driving Axle, Single Reduction Gear for Main Decelerators deceleration form, Spiral Bevel Gear for Main Decelerators gear, Full-floating for Axle and stamp-welded steel sheet of Integral Axle Housing for Axle Housing. In the design, we accomplished the design for Single Reduction Gear, tapered Planetary Gear Differential Mechanism, Full-floating Axle, the checking of Axle Housing and CAD drawing and so on. Key words: Drive axle;Main reducer;Differential;Axle;Bridge shell;CAD;Design;CheckII目 錄摘要IAbstractII第1章 緒論11.1 研究背景11.2 驅動橋研究的目的和意義11.3 驅動橋研究狀況與發(fā)展趨勢21.3.1 發(fā)展狀況21.3.2 驅動橋發(fā)展趨勢21.4 主要研究內(nèi)容4第2章 驅動橋結構方案擬定52.1 驅動橋的結構和種類52.1.1 汽車車橋的種類52.1.2 驅動橋的種類52.1.3 驅動橋結構組成52.2 設計要求102.2.1 適用車型102.2.2 設計基礎數(shù)據(jù)102.3 本章小結10第3章 主減速器設計113.1 主減速器的結構形式113.1.1 主減速器的齒輪類型123.1.2 主減速器主、從動錐齒輪的支承形式123.2 主減速器的基本參數(shù)選擇與設計計算133.2.1 主減速比i0的確定133.2.2 主減速器計算載荷的確定133.2.3 主減速器基本參數(shù)的選擇153.2.4 主減速器圓弧錐齒輪的幾何尺寸計算173.2.5 主減速器圓弧錐齒輪的強度計算183.3 主減速器軸承的載荷計算223.3.1 錐齒輪齒面上的作用力223.3.2 錐齒輪軸承載荷的計算253.3.3 錐齒輪軸承型號的確定273.4 本章小結28第4章 差速器設計294.1 對稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的差速原理294.2 對稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的結構304.3 對稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的設計304.3.1 差速器齒輪的基本參數(shù)的選擇314.3.2 差速器齒輪的幾何計算334.3.3 差速器齒輪的強度計算344.4 本章小結36第5章 驅動半軸的設計375.1 全浮式半軸計算載荷的確定385.2 全浮式半軸的桿部直徑的初選395.3 全浮式半軸的強度計算395.4 半軸花鍵的選擇及強度計算405.4.1 半軸花鍵的選擇405.4.2 半軸花鍵的強度計算425.5 半軸的結構設計及材料與熱處理435.6 本章小結43第6章 驅動橋殼的設計446.1 驅動橋設計概述446.2 橋殼的受力分析及強度計算446.2.1 汽車以最大牽引力行駛時的橋殼強度計算446.2.2 汽車側向力最大時的橋殼強度計算456.2.3 汽車在不平路面沖擊載荷作用下橋殼的強度計算466.3 本章小結46結論47參考文獻48致謝49附錄A50附錄B543
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