切刀下置式蓮子剝殼機(jī)—?jiǎng)儦ぜ胺蛛x裝置

購(gòu)買設(shè)計(jì)請(qǐng)充值后下載，資源目錄下的文件所見(jiàn)即所得，都可以點(diǎn)開(kāi)預(yù)覽，資料完整，充值下載可得到資源目錄里的所有文件?！咀ⅰ浚篸wg后綴為CAD圖紙，doc,docx為WORD文檔，原稿無(wú)水印，可編輯。具體請(qǐng)見(jiàn)文件預(yù)覽，有不明白之處，可咨詢QQ:12401814 南華大學(xué)機(jī)械工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）Study and Improvement for Slice Smoothness in Slicing Machine of Lotus Root De-yong YANG ,Jian-ping HU , En-zhu WEI , Heng-qun LEI ,and Xiang-ci KONG Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology Ministry of Education Jiangsu Province Jiangsu University . Zhenjiang .Jiangsu Province .P.R.China212013Tel.: +86-511-8;Fax:+86-511-8yangdy163.comJinhu Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station . Jinhu countyJiangsu Province .P.R.China 211600Abstract: Concerning the problem of the low cutting quality and the bevel edge in the piece of lotus root, the reason was analyzed and the method of improvement was to reduce the force in the vertical direction of link to knife. 3D parts and assemblies of cutting mechanism in slicing machine of lotus were created under PRO/E circumstance. Based on virtual prototype technology, the kinematics and dynamics analysis of cutting mechanism was simulated with ADAMS software, the best slice of time that is 0.2s0.3s was obtained，and the curve of the force in the vertical direction of link to knife was obtained. The vertical force of knife was changed according with the change of the offset distance of crank. Optimization results of the offest distance of crank showed the vertical force in slice time almost is zero when the offset distance of crank is -80mm. Tests show that relative error of thickness of slicing is less than 10% after improved design, which is able to fully meet the technical requirements. Keywords: lotus root; cutting mechanism; smoothness; optimization 1 Introduction China is a country of producing lotus toot, lotus root system of semi-finished products of domestic consumption and external demand for exports is relatively large. In order to improve efficiency, reduce labor intensity, the group work, drawing on the principle of the artificial slice based on the design and development of a new type of lotus root slice (Bi Wei and Hu Jianping, 2006). This new type of slice solved easily broken cutting, stick knives, hard to clean up and other issues, but the process appears less smooth cutting, and some have a problem of hypotenuse piece of root. In this paper, analyzing cutting through the course of slice knife, the reasons causing hypotenuse was found, and the corresponding improvement of methods was proposed and was verified by the experiments.2 Structure of Cutting Mechanism of Slicing Machine Cutting mechanism of the quality of slice lotus root is the core of the machine, the performance of its direct impact on the quality of slice. Virtual prototyping of cutting mechanism of slice lotus root (Fig.1) was built by using PRO/E, and mechanism diagram of the body is shown in Fig.2. Cutting principle of lotus slicer adopted in the cardiac type of slider-crank mechanism was to add materials inside, which can be stacked several lotus root, lotus root to rely on the upper part of the self and the lower part of the lotus press down, so that it arrives in the material under the surface of the baffle. While slider-crank mechanism was driven by motor, the knife installed on the slider cut lotus root. In the slice-cutting process it was found that parallelism of the surface at both ends of part of piece lotus was not enough, which can not meet the technical requirements for processing.Fig.1 Virtual prototyping of cutting mechanismFig.2 Diagram of cutting mechanism Study and improvement for slice smoothness in slicing machine of lotus root.3 The Cause of the Bevel Edge Uneven thickness and bevel edge of cutting were related with forces on the slice knife in the process of cutting. In accordance with cutting mechanism (Fig.2), without taking into account the friction and weight, the direction of force F of point C was along the link. Force F may be decomposed with a horizontal direction force component and a vertical direction force component. The horizontal force component pushed the knife moving for cutting, but the vertical force component caused the knife moving along the vertical direction. Because of the gap between the slider and the rail, the vertical force component made the blade deforming during the movement, and knife could not move along the horizontal direction to cut lotus root, which caused the emergence of bevel edge. Thus, to reduce or eliminate the vertical force component in the cutting-chip was key to solve the problem of bevel edge and improve the quality of cutting.When crank speed was 6990r/min, the horizontal and vertical direction of the force curve of point C connecting link and the blade hinge are shown in Fig.3 and Fig.4 respectively. As can be seen from the chart, with the crank speed improvement the horizontal and vertical direction of the force in point C also increased. The horizontal force changed relatively stable during 0s0.2s, which was conducive to cutting lotus, but the vertical force increased gradually. The more the vertical force was, the more detrimental to the quality cutting. Fig.3 Horizontal force of CFig.4 Vertical force of C4 Simulation and Optimization If improving flatness of the slicer, the structure was optimized to reduce the vertical force component, so as far as possible the level of cutting blade.When crank speed was 6090r/min the velocity curve and acceleration curve of the knife center of mass are shown in Fig.5 and Fig.6 respectively. According to the speed curve, the speed of the knife center of mass was relatively large in a period of 0.2s0.3s. In accordance with the requirements that the knife should have a higher speed during cutting lotus, so this period time was more advantageous to cutting than other terms. According to acceleration curve. When calculates by one cycle, the acceleration value was relatively quite small in the period of time, 0.15s0.3s compared with other time section. Which indicated that the change of velocity was relatively small, simultaneously the force of inertia was small, and the influence of vibration caused by the force was small to the slicer. Therefore,this period of time, 0.2s0.3s, to cut root piece was advantageous in enhances the cutting quality of lotus root piece.Fig.5 Velocity curve of center of mass of knife Fig.6 Acceleration curve of center of mass of knife Based on the above analysis, the vertical force component between link and the knife was the main reason for bevel edge. According to the characteristics of slider-crank mechanism, reducing the vertical force on the knife in the period of cutting time by altering crank offest was tried to enhance the quality of the cutting. When crank speed was 60r/min, the crank eccentricity was optimized. When the offest of the crank was 40mm, 20mm, 0mm, -20mm, -40mm, -80mm, -120mm respectively, the mechanism was simulated and the vertical force curves under different crank eccentricity were obtained, as shown in Fig.7.Fig.7 vertical force curves in different offest Fig.7 indicates that: When the eccentricity was positive, the vertical force on point C increased gradually in 0.2s0.3s with the increase of crank oddest: When the eccentricity was negative, the force decreased gradually first and then begun to increase along with -80mm. So when the offest was -80mm, the numerical of the force in 0.2s0.3s achieved the minimum and the quality of cutting was the best.When the crank rotated in the other speed, there were the same optimization results. Fig.8 show the curve of vertical force in the offest of 0mm and -80mm when the speed of crank was 80r/min. From the Fig.8 it is obvious that vertical direction of the force of point C in 0.2s0.3s reduced a lot when the eccentricity is -80mm. Therefore, the vertical force could be reduced by optimizing the slider-crank mechanism of eccentricity.Fig.8 Vertical force of C5 Experimental AnalysisThe relative error of thickness of lotus root piece reflects the quality of cutting. Which is generally controlled of 10%. There always existed bevel edge phenomenon and the relative error of thickness was about 15% before structural optimization and improvement, which was difficult to meet the technical requirements. The offset in the slider-crank mechanism was optimized, and its structure was improved according to the results of optimization. After improvement cutting test were done in the conditions of crank speed for 80110r/min and statistical data about the relative error of thickness was shown in Table.1. Four levels were separated in the experiment, three times for each level.Table 1 Relative error of thickness of slicingNOCrank speed (r/min)809010011016.6%6.4% 8.2%9.5%25.3%6.1%8.5%9.2%26.4%7.9%7.9%9.4%Average6.1%6.8%8.2%9.4% It is derived from Table.1 that the relative error of the thickness of slices could meet the technical indicators when the crank speed was 80110r/min, especially in the crank rotation speed 80r/min, 90r/min the relative error of thickness was less than 7%,and high quality was achieved.6 ConclusionThe vertical force component acted on the knife in the process of cutting was the main reason for surface formation and bevel edge, so the key of improving the quality was to reduce the vertical force. Through slice knife and velocity acceleration simulation analysis the best time for slicing, 0.2s0.3s, was obtained. By optimizing the offset of the crank the vertical force during cutting time was greatly reduced when the offset was -80mm. Experiments were made after improving the design of lotus root slicer, which results showed that by changing the offset of the crank, the relative error of the thickness could fully meet the requirements of less than 10%. So the problem was basically solved that the flatness was not ideal and was the issue of bevel edge.1References 1 Wei,B . jianping,H.: Study of lotus root slicing techniques and design of new model,Journal of agricultural mechanization research (12),112-114(2006)(in Chinese)2 Enzhu, w.:the simulation and optimization on the new slicing machine of lotus root based on virtual prototype technology .jiangsu university 2008)in Chinese)3 Ce ,Z .:mechanical dynamics .higher education press1999)4Xiuning ,C.:optimal design of machinery .zhejiang university press1999)5Liping,C.,yunqing,Z.,weiqun,R.: dynamic analysis of mechanical systems and application Guide ADAMS . Tsinghua university press ,Beijing(2005)Page 8 of 8南華大學(xué)機(jī)械工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）蓮藕切片機(jī)切片平滑度的研究和改進(jìn)楊德勇 胡建平 韋恩鑄 雷恒群 孔祥次農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)備和現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室江蘇省教育部 江蘇大學(xué).江蘇.鎮(zhèn)江中國(guó) 江蘇省 212013電話 +86-511-8:傳真+86-511-8yangdy163.com金湖農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化技術(shù)推廣站中國(guó) 江蘇省 211600摘要：針對(duì)蓮藕切削質(zhì)量不高和蓮藕片的斜邊問(wèn)題，通過(guò)分析原因，改進(jìn)的方法就是減少刀在垂直方向的力。在Pro/E的環(huán)境下創(chuàng)建了蓮藕切片機(jī)的3D零件和裝配體?；谔摂M樣機(jī)技術(shù)，切片機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)分析是在ADAMS軟件模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)下實(shí)現(xiàn)的，獲得最佳的切削時(shí)間為0.2s0.3s，并且得到了刀在垂直方向上的力的曲線。刀在垂直方向上的力隨著曲柄偏移量的變化而改變。曲柄的偏移量?jī)?yōu)化結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)曲柄的偏移量為-80mm時(shí)，在切削時(shí)間里的垂直方向上的力幾乎為零。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，經(jīng)過(guò)改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)后，切片厚度的相對(duì)誤差小于10，這是能夠完全滿足技術(shù)要求的。關(guān)鍵詞：蓮藕；切削機(jī)制；平滑度；優(yōu)化1前言 中國(guó)是一個(gè)生產(chǎn)蓮藕的大國(guó)，蓮藕半成品系列食品的國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)和外部的出口需求量比較大，為了提高工作效率，減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，設(shè)計(jì)工作組，在借鑒人工切蓮藕片原理的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)新型的切片機(jī)（畢偉，胡建平，2006年）。這種新型的切片機(jī)容易解決切片易斷，粘刀，難清理等問(wèn)題，但過(guò)程中還是出現(xiàn)不平滑切削和一些斜邊的現(xiàn)象。本文通過(guò)對(duì)切削時(shí)刀片的分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些造成斜邊現(xiàn)象的原因，并提出了相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)方法，并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)得到了驗(yàn)證。2 切片機(jī)切削結(jié)構(gòu)原理蓮藕切片的切削原理是機(jī)器的核心，性能直接影響切片的質(zhì)量。在使用PRO / E平臺(tái)下建立了蓮藕切削原理的虛擬樣機(jī)（圖1），結(jié)構(gòu)本身的原理圖如圖2所示。蓮藕切片機(jī)的切削原理是通過(guò)核心的曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)往里面添加材料，它可以堆疊許多蓮藕，蓮藕依靠自己本身上部和下部的蓮藕，以便它能夠到達(dá)擋板的表面。曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)是由電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)，在滑塊上安裝刀片切蓮藕。但在切削過(guò)程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)在一塊蓮藕兩端面的平行度是不足夠的，這不能滿足加工的技術(shù)要求。圖1 蓮藕切削原理的虛擬樣機(jī)圖2 切片原理結(jié)構(gòu)圖切片機(jī)的蓮藕片平滑度的研究和提高。3 斜邊的原因厚薄不均勻和斜邊問(wèn)題與刀片在切削過(guò)程中的力量有關(guān)。按照結(jié)構(gòu)原理（圖2），不考慮相互間摩擦和重量的因素，C點(diǎn)的力F的方向是沿鏈接方向。力F可以分解為一個(gè)水平方向的分力和一個(gè)垂直方向的分力。水平分力造成的刀沿垂直方向移動(dòng)切削，但垂直方向上的力造成的刀沿垂直方向移動(dòng)。由于滑塊和導(dǎo)軌之間的差距，垂直分力會(huì)使葉片在運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)變形，刀不能沿水平方向切蓮藕，導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)斜邊。因此，解決斜邊的問(wèn)題和提高切削質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵是減少或消除切片時(shí)的垂直分力。 當(dāng)曲軸轉(zhuǎn)速為6090轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘，C點(diǎn)和刀片連接部位的水平和垂直方向的力曲線如圖3和圖4所示。從圖上可以看出，當(dāng)曲柄的速度提高后，C點(diǎn)水平和垂直方向的力也增加了，相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的水平力有利于切削蓮藕期間，但垂直方向上的力也逐漸增加。越多的垂直方向上的力，越不利于切削的質(zhì)量。圖3 C點(diǎn)的水平力圖4 C點(diǎn)的垂直方向上的力4 仿真和優(yōu)化如果提高切片的平整度，結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化可以減少垂直分力，所以盡可能的要刀片保持水平。當(dāng)曲柄速度6090轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘時(shí)，刀質(zhì)量中心的速度曲線和加速度曲線分別如圖5和圖6所示。根據(jù)速度曲線，在0.2s0.3s時(shí)間里，刀質(zhì)量中心的速度是比較大的。按照刀應(yīng)該有更高的速度來(lái)切削蓮藕的要求，這期間的時(shí)間切削比其他時(shí)間更有利。根據(jù)加速度曲線，一個(gè)周期計(jì)算，在0.15s0.3s的時(shí)間里，相比其他的時(shí)間段加速度值是相對(duì)比較小。這表明速度的變化相對(duì)較小，同時(shí)慣性產(chǎn)生的力小，切片機(jī)受力引起的振動(dòng)影響小。因此，在0.2s0.3s里來(lái)切蓮藕有利于提高蓮藕片的切削質(zhì)量。圖5 刀片的質(zhì)量中心速度曲線圖6 刀片的質(zhì)量中心加速度曲線 基于上述分析，刀片和鏈接之間的垂直分力是造成斜邊的主要原因。根據(jù)曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)，在切削時(shí)間段通過(guò)改變曲柄偏移來(lái)減少對(duì)刀垂直方向上的力，從而提高切削質(zhì)量。當(dāng)曲軸轉(zhuǎn)速為60轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘，曲軸偏心率得到了優(yōu)化。當(dāng)曲柄偏移量分別為40mm，20mm，0mm，-20mm, -40mm, -80mm, -120mm時(shí)，在不同的偏移量下模擬其原理，獲得了垂直方向上的力曲線，如圖7所示。圖7 不同偏移下的垂直方向上的力曲線圖7表明：偏心率為正值時(shí)，在0.2s0.3s隨著曲柄偏移量增加，C點(diǎn)的垂直方向上的力逐漸增加；當(dāng)偏心率為負(fù)值時(shí)，隨著曲柄偏移量的增加，力開(kāi)始下降，然后在-80mm處開(kāi)始逐步增加。所以，當(dāng)偏移量為-80mm，力在0.2s0.3s的數(shù)值降到最低，這時(shí)切削質(zhì)量是最佳的。 當(dāng)曲柄在其他的速度旋轉(zhuǎn)，有相同的優(yōu)化結(jié)果。圖8顯示的是曲軸轉(zhuǎn)速為80轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘、曲軸偏移量為0mm到-80mm時(shí)，垂直方向上的力。從圖8可以看出，當(dāng)偏移量為-80mm時(shí)，C點(diǎn)垂直方向的里在0.2s0.3s大大減少。因此通過(guò)優(yōu)化曲柄偏移量可以減少垂直方向上的力。圖8 C點(diǎn)的垂直方向上的力5 實(shí)驗(yàn)分析蓮藕片的厚度相對(duì)誤差反映了切削質(zhì)量，一般控制在10。在結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化和改進(jìn)前，總是存在斜邊現(xiàn)象，厚度相對(duì)誤差約為15%左右，這是難以滿足的技術(shù)要求。對(duì)曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)的偏移量進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，并根據(jù)優(yōu)化的結(jié)果，它的結(jié)構(gòu)有了一些改進(jìn)。改進(jìn)后的曲柄，在速度的條件為80110轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘時(shí)，切削試驗(yàn)出來(lái)的厚度相對(duì)誤差的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)如表1所示。從四個(gè)速度層次進(jìn)行分析實(shí)驗(yàn)，每個(gè)速度層次進(jìn)行三次實(shí)驗(yàn)。表 1 切片厚度相對(duì)誤差 序號(hào)曲柄速度(轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘)809010011016.6%6.4% 8.2%9.5%25.3%6.1%8.5%9.2%26.4%7.9%7.9%9.4%平均6.1%6.8%8.2%9.4%來(lái)自表1的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，當(dāng)曲柄速度為80110轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘時(shí)，切片厚度相對(duì)誤差能滿足各項(xiàng)技術(shù)指標(biāo)，尤其是當(dāng)曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)速度為80轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘和90轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘時(shí)，厚度相對(duì)誤差低于7，達(dá)到了較高的切削質(zhì)量。6 總結(jié) 切削的過(guò)程中，表面不平整和斜邊的主要原因是作用在刀組件上的垂直分力，因此提高質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵是減小垂直方向上的力。通過(guò)刀片質(zhì)量中心速度和加速度模擬分析曲線得到，0.2s0.3s是切片的最佳時(shí)間。通過(guò)優(yōu)化曲柄的偏移量，當(dāng)偏移量為-80mm時(shí)，垂直方向上的力在切削時(shí)間大大減小。經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)改進(jìn)蓮藕切片機(jī)后，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，通過(guò)改變曲柄偏移量，厚度相對(duì)誤差不到10，完全能夠滿足要求。因此，平整度不理想和斜邊問(wèn)題基本解決。參考文獻(xiàn)1 胡建平.蓮藕切片技術(shù)的學(xué)習(xí)和新的模型設(shè)計(jì). 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化研究（12）,112114.20062 韋恩鑄.基于虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)的新型蓮藕切片機(jī)仿真優(yōu)化.江蘇大學(xué),20083 張 策.機(jī)械動(dòng)力學(xué).高等教育出版社,19994 陳秀林.機(jī)械優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì).浙江大學(xué)出版社,1999.5 陳麗萍,鄭云群,容微群.機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)分析和應(yīng)用指南ADAMS.北京:清華大學(xué)出版 社,2005第 7 頁(yè) 共 7 頁(yè)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū) 信息與機(jī)電工程系 填寫(xiě)時(shí)間：2015年03月10日課題名稱切刀下置式蓮子剝殼機(jī)暴客剝殼及分離裝置設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生姓名專業(yè)、學(xué)號(hào)機(jī)械 116718140畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)基本要求、重點(diǎn)需要研究的問(wèn)題基本要求：了解現(xiàn)有蓮子剝殼基本原理和鮮蓮子物理性質(zhì)，了解社會(huì)需求研究現(xiàn)狀，明確蓮子剝殼機(jī)存在的問(wèn)題，運(yùn)用機(jī)械原理知識(shí)，確定設(shè)計(jì)方案并完成設(shè)計(jì)。要求工作原理正確，能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)新鮮蓮子剝殼加工。設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容：（1）方案的評(píng)價(jià)與選擇（2）完成總裝圖（可運(yùn)用CAXA電子圖板或AutoCAD繪圖）。（3）繪制零件圖。 （4）畢業(yè)論文的撰寫(xiě)。關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題：1.剝殼裝置不能損傷蓮子 2.分離裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)殼與仁分流導(dǎo)出。計(jì)劃進(jìn)度安排第12 設(shè)計(jì)周：收集資料、知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備；第34 設(shè)計(jì)周：方案設(shè)計(jì)；總體結(jié)構(gòu)草圖；第510 設(shè)計(jì)周：結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算、總體裝配圖、 零件圖設(shè)計(jì)；第1112設(shè)計(jì)周：設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)（論文）編寫(xiě)。應(yīng)收集的資料及主要參考文獻(xiàn)1.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)。2.其它相關(guān)參考資料。指導(dǎo)教師（簽名）： 職稱：副教授 系（教研室）主任（簽名）：分管院長(zhǎng)（簽章）：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)周記姓名盧超學(xué)號(hào)116718140第1周 第一周在選定課題之后我在圖書(shū)館查閱了相關(guān)資料，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上查找了有關(guān)于剝殼機(jī)的資料圖片，對(duì)與自己課題相關(guān)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行了解，針對(duì)自己要設(shè)計(jì)的剝殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行思考。雖然預(yù)感設(shè)計(jì)中會(huì)遇到很多問(wèn)題，但相信通過(guò)自己努力老師指導(dǎo)能夠順利完成。導(dǎo)師意見(jiàn)： 簽字： 日期：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)周記姓名盧超學(xué)號(hào)116718140第2周 這周老師帶我們參觀了現(xiàn)有舊版剝殼機(jī)，結(jié)合自己查閱的資料對(duì)現(xiàn)有剝殼機(jī)和自己將要設(shè)計(jì)的剝殼機(jī)優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析比較，了解了剝殼機(jī)現(xiàn)在的用途及市場(chǎng)，提交了開(kāi)題報(bào)告。導(dǎo)師意見(jiàn)： 簽字： 日期：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)周記姓名盧超學(xué)號(hào)116718140第3周 通過(guò)上周自己查閱的相關(guān)資料和導(dǎo)師帶我參觀一些現(xiàn)有的剝殼機(jī)，我們對(duì)現(xiàn)有的剝殼機(jī)有了一定了解，對(duì)舊版剝殼機(jī)的缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析，在此基礎(chǔ)上思考自己要改進(jìn)的地方，并簡(jiǎn)單規(guī)劃出自己要設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)和改進(jìn)的裝置，向老師提出自己的思路請(qǐng)老師給出知道意見(jiàn)。導(dǎo)師意見(jiàn)： 簽字： 日期：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)周記姓名盧超學(xué)號(hào)116718140第4周 這周開(kāi)始著手將自己的設(shè)計(jì)思路試著用草圖形式表達(dá)出來(lái)，將自己想要改進(jìn)的地方重點(diǎn)畫(huà)出來(lái)，并考慮其實(shí)用性、合理性，在設(shè)計(jì)中也遇到了一些問(wèn)題不知道如何改進(jìn)，將自己遇到的問(wèn)題和草圖提交給老師審查。導(dǎo)師意見(jiàn)： 簽字： 日期：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)周記姓名盧超學(xué)號(hào)116718140第5周 本周在老師指導(dǎo)基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)草圖進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，并用CAXA軟件繪制剝殼機(jī)裝配圖，由于對(duì)CAXA軟件運(yùn)用不熟悉，期間遇到了許多問(wèn)題，老師很耐心的教我們?nèi)绾芜\(yùn)用軟件，通過(guò)老師的指點(diǎn)和自己積極與同學(xué)討論學(xué)習(xí)慢慢懂得了CAXA的操作，雖然耽誤了許多時(shí)間拖慢了設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)度，相比其他同學(xué)落后許多，但自己在這個(gè)過(guò)程中學(xué)習(xí)到了很多軟件知識(shí)，對(duì)自己來(lái)說(shuō)受益匪淺。導(dǎo)師意見(jiàn)： 簽字： 日期：本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告 設(shè)計(jì)題目： 切刀下置式蓮子剝殼機(jī) 剝殼及分離裝置設(shè)計(jì) 專業(yè)年級(jí)： 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化2011級(jí) 學(xué) 號(hào)： 10 姓 名： 指導(dǎo)教師、職稱： 2015年01月23日1、 本設(shè)計(jì)課題的目的意義，主要及擬解決的關(guān)鍵性問(wèn)題（附參考文獻(xiàn)）本課題設(shè)計(jì)的目的意義：蓮子，中藥名。為睡蓮科植物蓮的干燥成熟種子。分布于我國(guó)南北各省。具有補(bǔ)脾止瀉，止帶，益腎澀精，養(yǎng)心安神之功效。常用于脾虛泄瀉，帶下，遺精，心悸失眠。以生產(chǎn)蓮子為主的蓮稱為子蓮，我國(guó)湖南、江西、福建、浙江等省份均是聞名的子蓮產(chǎn)區(qū)。 隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)迅猛發(fā)展，蓮子低下的生產(chǎn)力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足市場(chǎng)的需求，蓮子進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)需要經(jīng)過(guò)剝殼、去衣、去芯和干燥等一系列加工過(guò)程，其中蓮子的剝殼是加工難度和強(qiáng)度最大的一道工序，目前人們采用最多的是手工剝殼，手工剝殼是用弧形刀片先對(duì)蓮殼割一圈，然后用手將割后的蓮子殼仁分離，手工去殼不但容易割傷手，而且還不衛(wèi)生、容易損傷蓮仁、效率低，嚴(yán)重制約了蓮子的廣泛種植。該設(shè)計(jì)通過(guò)創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)在剝殼工藝上解決剝殼率低、破碎率高，在設(shè)備性能上解決可靠性低、工作穩(wěn)定性差等問(wèn)題，形成成熟定型的剝殼機(jī)產(chǎn)品，以滿足蓮子剝殼的實(shí)用性要求。蓮子剝殼機(jī)的問(wèn)世，是蓮子生產(chǎn)加工領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)重要發(fā)明。它是蓮子的產(chǎn)量大大增加，并且很大程度上降低了農(nóng)民的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，還可以將撥好的蓮子加工成各種蓮子產(chǎn)品，同時(shí)蓮子殼也可以加工飼料等用處。本設(shè)計(jì)采用刀具切割來(lái)到殼仁分離的目的，剝殼方式為滾動(dòng)切割式蓮子剝殼機(jī)，蓮子沿導(dǎo)料槽進(jìn)入切割裝置，槽輪帶動(dòng)蓮子沿蓮子赤道逆時(shí)針轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)切割，刀具在蓮子赤道上切出一條閉合的軌跡，從而達(dá)到殼仁分離效果，性能相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，切割順暢，較少出現(xiàn)堵塞現(xiàn)象，剝殼率較高，損壞率低，在設(shè)計(jì)上有所創(chuàng)新。擬擬解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題：1、剝殼裝置不能損傷蓮子；2、分離裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)殼與仁分流導(dǎo)出；3、分離過(guò)程保持順暢殼仁分離完全；2、 本設(shè)計(jì)課題的主要設(shè)計(jì)、預(yù)期設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果主要設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容：設(shè)計(jì)剝殼機(jī)槽輪，對(duì)剝殼機(jī)切割位置改進(jìn)，使其自導(dǎo)料槽進(jìn)入槽輪時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方向一致，適當(dāng)延長(zhǎng)刀具以達(dá)到環(huán)切蓮子的效果，控制恰當(dāng)?shù)那懈钌疃燃暗毒哳A(yù)緊力以免損傷蓮子仁。預(yù)期設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果:對(duì)剝殼機(jī)分離裝置改進(jìn)后使蓮子能夠順暢地進(jìn)入槽輪，完成對(duì)蓮子赤道線的閉合式環(huán)切，切割深度約為0.9毫米，在不損傷蓮子的前提下實(shí)現(xiàn)了蓮子殼仁分離的效果，提高蓮子剝殼成功率，降低了蓮子損耗。出；機(jī)架穩(wěn)定，牢固。3、 設(shè)計(jì)方法和步驟、對(duì)現(xiàn)有蓮子剝殼機(jī)進(jìn)行研究深刻了解其工作原理，通過(guò)分析比較、確定設(shè)計(jì)方案；、根據(jù)原有剝殼機(jī)的缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)，提高工作效率，減少工作故障；、運(yùn)用AutoCAD繪圖等工具進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)；、在理論上評(píng)估其可行性；、撰寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)4、 設(shè)計(jì)工作的總體安排及進(jìn)度第12設(shè)計(jì)周：收集資料、知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備；第34設(shè)計(jì)周：方案設(shè)計(jì)；總體結(jié)構(gòu)草圖；第510設(shè)計(jì)周：結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算、總體裝配圖、零件圖設(shè)計(jì)；第1112設(shè)計(jì)周：設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)（論文）編寫(xiě)。五、指導(dǎo)教師審查意見(jiàn)：簽字： 年月日六、系(教研室)審查意見(jiàn)： 簽字： 年月日七、學(xué)院審查意見(jiàn)： 分管院長(zhǎng)簽章： 年月日