【機(jī)械類畢業(yè)論文中英文對(duì)照文獻(xiàn)翻譯】現(xiàn)代工程機(jī)械行業(yè)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步

【機(jī)械類畢業(yè)論文中英文對(duì)照文獻(xiàn)翻譯】現(xiàn)代工程機(jī)械行業(yè)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步,機(jī)械類畢業(yè)論文中英文對(duì)照文獻(xiàn)翻譯,機(jī)械類,畢業(yè)論文,中英文,對(duì)照,對(duì)比,比照,文獻(xiàn),翻譯,現(xiàn)代,工程機(jī)械,行業(yè),技術(shù)進(jìn)步 編號(hào) 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 相關(guān)資料 題目： 鉆削精密深孔扭振發(fā)生裝置的設(shè)計(jì) 信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化專業(yè) 學(xué) 號(hào)： 　　　 0923024　　　　 學(xué)生姓名： 劉路路 指導(dǎo)教師： 　范圣耀 （職稱：副教授 ） 2013年5月25日 目 錄 一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開題報(bào)告 二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文 三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度、檢查及落實(shí)表” 四、實(shí)習(xí)鑒定表 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 開題報(bào)告 題目： 鉆削精密深孔扭振發(fā)生裝置的設(shè)計(jì) 信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 專業(yè) 學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923024 學(xué)生姓名： 劉路路 指導(dǎo)教師： 范圣耀 （職稱：副教授 ） 2012年11月25日 課題來(lái)源 老師給定 科學(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；應(yīng)用前景等） （1）課題科學(xué)意義 據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，孔加工是金屬切削加工中最重要的工序之一。約占所有金屬切削加工工序的 33%。我國(guó)每年生產(chǎn)鉆頭用的高速鋼消耗量約占刀具生產(chǎn)中高速鋼消耗總量的70%?？梢?，在機(jī)械加工中孔加工占有很重要的地位，尤其是航空、航天、汽車、電子和計(jì)算機(jī)等行業(yè)，孔加工更顯示出其得天獨(dú)厚的地位。例如，一架波音747約有200萬(wàn)個(gè)連接孔，機(jī)械連接工作量（不包括總裝）約占機(jī)械加工工作量的20%。 低頻振動(dòng)切削技術(shù)目前已應(yīng)用于孔加工(包括鉆、擴(kuò)、鉸、鎖、攻絲等)和外圓車削加工等領(lǐng)域，解決實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中諸如切屑處理、改善切削加工性、提高加工質(zhì)量、延長(zhǎng)刀具壽命等問題，理論上也獲得了許多發(fā)展。 （2）振動(dòng)鉆削的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究狀況 1970年代中期，在人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了振動(dòng)鉆削具有的一些優(yōu)良工藝效果之后，為尋求科學(xué)的支持，國(guó)內(nèi)外一些學(xué)者開始從理論上對(duì)振動(dòng)鉆削的機(jī)理與特性進(jìn)行探索，至今30多年來(lái)，主要對(duì)振動(dòng)鉆削的“鉆頭剛性化效果”理論、動(dòng)態(tài)角度理論、振動(dòng)斷屑理論、脈沖能量和應(yīng)力集中理論等進(jìn)行了分析研究。 三十多年來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)振動(dòng)鉆削作了大量理論與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究工作，振動(dòng)鉆削能提高鉆孔質(zhì)量、延長(zhǎng)刀具壽命和改善對(duì)難加工材料切削能力等優(yōu)良工藝效果已在機(jī)械加工領(lǐng)域得到普遍承認(rèn)。綜觀國(guó)內(nèi)外振動(dòng)鉆削的研究現(xiàn)狀，目前主要存在以下問題：①對(duì)振動(dòng)鉆削的理論研究尚不充分，還未形成完整的理論體系，現(xiàn)有理論具有較大局限性，尚需修正和完善，以充分揭示振動(dòng)鉆削的動(dòng)力學(xué)本質(zhì)；②對(duì)振動(dòng)鉆削工藝效果的研究大多局限于直徑大于1mm的孔徑區(qū)域，而直徑小于0.5mm的微小孔加工條件最為惡劣，且加工數(shù)量與日俱增，所以對(duì)振動(dòng)鉆削微小孔的研究更具實(shí)際意義，需予以更多關(guān)注；③迄今對(duì)振動(dòng)鉆削的研究均屬于定參數(shù)振動(dòng)鉆削，無(wú)法同時(shí)滿足鉆削三區(qū)段不同鉆削機(jī)理的要求，難以達(dá)到進(jìn)一步提高鉆孔整體加工水平的要求。因此，三區(qū)段變參數(shù)振動(dòng)鉆削，特別是對(duì)微小孔的三區(qū)段變參數(shù)振動(dòng)鉆削是在定參數(shù)振動(dòng)鉆削基礎(chǔ)上的一次飛躍，是具有重要科研及應(yīng)用價(jià)值的研究課題。 研究?jī)?nèi)容 ① 熟悉低頻振動(dòng)深孔鉆削的發(fā)展歷程，特別是近十幾年來(lái)提出的直徑小于0.5mm的微小孔加工； ② 熟悉低頻振動(dòng)深孔鉆削的工藝效果； ③ 熟練掌握低頻振動(dòng)深孔鉆削的三種振動(dòng)方式：軸向振動(dòng)、扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)和復(fù)合振動(dòng)； ④ 掌握了解針對(duì)不同的材料所需要的加工參數(shù)； ⑤ 能夠熟練使用振動(dòng)鉆削的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)振動(dòng)鉆削的自動(dòng)化和智能化。 擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、解決方案及可行性分析 （1）解決方案 就刀具本身而言，通過提高自身的加工效率、延長(zhǎng)使用壽命可以降低其在生產(chǎn)成本中所占的比例。為縮減過去占制造成本15%～20%的切削液成本，干式、半干式切削得到逐步推廣，開始替代傳統(tǒng)的濕式切削。與此同時(shí)，刀具制造廠商開始將適應(yīng)干式、半干式切削的刀具商品化，以進(jìn)一步降低零部件的制造成本。 （2）研究方法 ① 匹配合理參數(shù)，進(jìn)行切削實(shí)驗(yàn)。 ② 用硬質(zhì)合金整體鉆頭與以往的深孔加工用鉆頭進(jìn)行切削性能對(duì)比。 研究計(jì)劃及預(yù)期成果 研究計(jì)劃： 2012年10月12日-2012年12月25日：按照任務(wù)書要求查閱論文相關(guān)參考資料，填寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開題報(bào)告書。 2013年1月11日-2013年3月5日：填寫畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告。 2013年3月8日-2013年3月14日：按照要求修改畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開題報(bào)告。 2013年3月15日-2013年3月21日：學(xué)習(xí)并翻譯一篇與畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的英文材料。 2013年3月22日-2013年4月11日：結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算。 2013年4月12日-2013年4月25日：裝置設(shè)計(jì)。 2013年4月26日-2013年5月21日：畢業(yè)論文撰寫和修改工作。 預(yù)期成果： 明顯提高鉆入定位精度及孔的尺寸精度、圓度和表面質(zhì)量,減小出口毛刺,降低切削力和切削溫度,延長(zhǎng)鉆頭壽命。 特色或創(chuàng)新之處 ① 使用振動(dòng)鉆削，效果明顯，匹配合理參數(shù)，能夠提高鉆入定位精度及孔的尺寸精度、圓度和表面質(zhì)量。 ② 采用固定某些參量、改變某些參量來(lái)研究問題的方法，思路清晰，簡(jiǎn)潔明了，行之有效。 已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題 ① 實(shí)驗(yàn)方案思路已經(jīng)非常明確，已經(jīng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)比較難加工材料的鉆削。 ② 實(shí)現(xiàn)振動(dòng)鉆削的自動(dòng)化和智能化。 指導(dǎo)教師意見 指導(dǎo)教師簽名： 年 月 日 教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意見 教研室主任簽名： 年 月 日 系意見 主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名： 年 月 日 無(wú) 錫 太 湖 學(xué) 院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文資料翻譯 院（系）： 機(jī)電系 專 業(yè)： 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 班 級(jí)： 機(jī)械91 姓 名： 劉路路 學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923024 外文出處： 查閱資料 附 件：1.譯文；2.原文; 3.評(píng)分表 年 月 英文原文 Modern construction machinery industry of technical progress Large-size mechanical mining excavator is used widely in international and domestic engineering construction and mining performance, and its property defines the efficiency much.Now because the international market is opened step step, how to promote the quality of excavator is the key that a factory reinforces its competing force. In our country，the designing elevation and production quality on excavator can not keep up with international advanced technology applying on excavator.Now the advanced technology has already applied advanced designing method on excavator designing，such as electronic simulating theory，dynamic design， reliability design and so on.But in our country ,the most excavator design has still applied the traditional design method ,the modern design method has not began to be actually applied .The prime display is that the capability of self-design is not enough and the basic work has not done perfectly especially the excavator kinetics . The construct of excavator is very complex and the multiple movers often work simultaneously.at the same time its working environment is very bad and the eternal load varies randomly.As a result ,when designing the new product of excavator ,in order to ensure the performance safety，the designer not only has the basic theory analysis on static load computing ,but also do necessary work about the kinetics of mechanism to qualify the dynamic reliability in the period of designing .Trough the kinetic analysis ,the load property of all the elements in excavator can be decided so as to design reliable product . From the 1980s of the 20th century to the beginning of this century. Chinese and foreign engineering machinery technology products come from a maturity period of modernization along with a new technological revolution, Mechanical engineering products integrated technology to a new level. Electronic technology, micro-computer, sensors, electro-hydraulic servo control system integration and transformation of the traditional mechanical engineering products, Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing and computer-aided management of construction machinery and equipment manufacturing, IT network technology equipment, construction machinery sales and information transfer systems, thus enabling people to see a brand new construction machinery industry. New construction machinery products in the efficiency and operational quality, environmental protection, performance and automation are many areas due to the past. and toward the further robotic and intelligent direction. 1、 operating principles of Innovation : groundbreaking new law with the high-frequency vibration With scientific and technological research in the development, engineering machinery operating theory is constantly innovating. Operating mechanical engineering principles, including the cutting of earth, broken ground on the screen geotextile material, mixed with heating, right mixture of paving, leveling and compaction, etc.. These operations Jimmy initially bionics and Newtonian mechanics-based, Modern science and the development of engineering machinery operating principle of laying the foundation for innovation. For example, mechanical vibration and pulse jet, the photoelectric effect and thermal physics, the application of mechanical engineering to save resources and improve the quality of construction improve production efficiency, reliability and driving comfort and a degree of automation to create conditions. Excavators, bulldozers, loaders, and other earthmoving machinery cutting groundbreaking project, we had no struggle milling, high-frequency vibration, Liquid gas jet method and porous ground breaking law. Groundbreaking use of the new operating principle of transformation to a bucket, can loosen the soil excavation for the high-intensity rock, Under normal circumstances can reduce the unit cost of earthwork and improve production efficiency, and the soil near the building when substitute bored-blasting method. Vibratory Roller is a mechanical vibration and have reached a "sluggish vibration to" operational effectiveness of the most powerful note. High-frequency vibration compaction technology is the application of modern dynamics in the mechanical engineering important research results, In vibratory roller simultaneously with the application of vibration isolation theory. 90s of the 20th century, there have been a level of vibration (vibration) and vertical vibration directional vibration compaction method, and an AM-vibration and different from the harmonic vibration of chaotic vibration vibratory compaction operating principle, and the formation of the corresponding series of vibratory roller. Impact Roller broke the existing traditional cylindrical roller structure, Use 3-5 edge with the pressure roller polygon dragged by a tractor, 2-3 times per second in order to impact on the ground. This has dramatic impact on the seismic wave propagation characteristics, the depth of compaction several times with the RCC and incremental, 5m in the depths of the degree of compaction of up 90%-92%. Impact Roller is static shock, vibration and rub it smashes the comprehensive role for large fill, Collapse dry sand and soil filling the compaction. Asphalt paver Weiping equipment is operating principles of mechanical engineering innovation typical example. Fung plate diesel, liquefied petroleum gas or electric heating and 60 Hz frequency of vibration, and using infrared, ultrasonic or laser leveling, is a multidisciplinary high-tech applications. This leveling the technology can be applied to the ground plane, as amlodipine or fine leveling the slope. Transfer frequency mechanical vibration is also commonly used for drilling, stone crushing and sieving and Shen pulling piling works. The stone drying can use diesel, fuel oil and coal combustion of various fuels on the asphalt from the barrel, heating and asphalt mixture, stirring and insulation process is the full use of thermal theory of physics. Asphalt emulsion and some are modified chemical reaction physical specific application. 2、drive innovation : universal hydraulic and electric drive Hydraulic drive in the 20th century, the 1960s applied to the roller, only 10 years on the time has been spread and popularize. Now roller travel, vibration, steering and braking systems has achieved the full hydraulic drive. Hydraulic drive greatly simplified the roller drive and control system design, hydraulic drive a smooth, convenient manipulation effort, easy to achieve variable speed and automation, in general, improve the production efficiency of roller compaction and quality. Now foreign markets have seen very little mechanical transmission of the roller. Hydrostatic drive technology in the 1970s began to use bulldozers, and will soon be extended to a number of small and medium bulldozers and loaders, the United States John Deere, Caterpillar, Germany Bohai benefit companies and Dole produced by Komatsu of Japan has production and sales pushed Temple hydraulic machines and loaders. Hydrostatic drive not to use hydraulic torque converter, which dispense with the left lane and brake parts and mechanical drive, use of a safety valve on mechanical and hydraulic systems overload protection, and the index of smaller power play biggest index, its remaining power available in the auxiliary machinery operation. German company Deutsche mark and Lee Bohai Fall of other public companies in 1954 and in 1955 took the lead in developing a hydraulic excavator , but the hydrostatic transmission in large excavator is the popularization and application of the 1970s. Since the early 1980s, excavators and subdivided, is gradually realized - powered, rotary and the hydraulic excavator of. In the international market excavators, were all eliminated various mechanical drive. Late history of the birth of the road is more mechanical hydraulic drive-based, such as paver, soil stabilizer, Pavement milling machine, hydraulic transmission smoothness help improve the quality of the roads paved. Drilling in the car and drilling machines, hydraulic transmission has replaced the previous aerodynamic, Wheeled modern cranes and machinery also piling work to the whole in the direction of hydraulic development. Electricity in industrial production while the application has a long history, but in mobile machinery is seldom used. This is because, firstly, to the motor capacity of, a motor with the same power as compared to the hydraulic motor, its weight and bulk to good times, to the machinery space layout brought great difficulties. In addition, the efficiency of electrical transmission over low efficiency and consumption of a large volume of non-ferrous metals. But electric drive can be well realized variable speed, braking and electrical power streaming -- Drive more convenient and easy to large tub, large excavator and large loaders, engine-generator-electric wheels will transfer power. Germany Vogele also been developed for electric power will transfer wheel. Germany Vogele also been developed electric drive an asphalt paver, the aircraft's systems are all rotary motor driven electricity, Only Hopper CDCC and comfort slab leveling tank still use hydraulic transmission. The other is the regional mobile operations in the smaller mining site, the use of electric drive large excavator loaders, Such use of electric drive power transmission cables without the engine installed on the machines. 3、ergonomic innovations : a people-oriented and simplified operation 1980s of the 20th century, Many of the world's largest engineering machinery manufacturing company has invested considerable human and financial resources for modern design methodology of the research and used. Ergonomics is a "people-oriented" design, with emphasis on the machines mutual coordination and crew safety, driving comfort, convenience in the driver's operation and maintenance technologies, such drivers both improved working conditions, and increased production efficiency, and some of the engineering machinery vibration, noise, emissions and the prevention of roller drop from the development of the new standard, and even those laws. Now all kinds of projects are mechanical design roller defense and falling-object protective devices to protect the personal safety of the drivers, with the cab and are designed and installed. Indoor driving sufficient human space and broad vision, and to take the necessary seals, vibration, noise and temperature control measures. Indoor chairs, pieces of the stick, gauges and the monitor according to ergonomics and design and minimize the manipulation and control of parts. To reduce driver fatigue, to choose the suspension damping chairs, and to develop a gas-liquid system hanging with the cab floor. Electronic technology, mechanical engineering applications, which greatly simplifies the driver's operational procedures and to the machine's technical performance. The use of electronic control machine can automatically choose the mode of operation, such as excavators to the three operating modes -- boom priority, Rotary priorities and micro-adjustment tandem wheels all vibration and vibration. Electronic monitoring can detect and remove machines system failures, such as engine oil pressure loss. Fan fracture belt drive, hydraulic oil contamination or overheating and oil filter blockage, can promptly lights or audible alarm, by the use of electronic sensor device can handle automatic detection machines quality of the work, If random vibration testing of the degree of compaction roller, automatic detection and adjustment of the asphalt mixture ratio and size distribution outlet temperature. American muffler technology company developed an electronic silencer, electronic equipment engine exhaust noise analysis of the wave structure, and produce a phase difference of 180 ° with the acoustic interference, This "anti-noise" and the engine exhaust noise offset, which over the purpose of the muffler. Such a muffler -- can be used to eliminate the basic engine noise and the noise indoor driving. Muffler and isolation through the engineering machinery driving indoor noise can be reduced to 70dB (A) below. In addition, by concentrating on lubrication, automatic lubrication and fault alarm, greatly reducing the engineering and mechanical maintenance workload. Dreiser companies axis articulated loader lubrication cycle extended to 2000h. oil and filter replacement cycle extended to 250h; Caterpillar loader routine maintenance to shorten the time 3.45min. 100 hours use of the technical maintenance for only 6-7min. 4、Creative : industrial design with the environment Modern science and technology of high-speed development, promoting social progress, for humanity to a high degree of material civilization and spiritual civilization. Industrial design is the product of industrial product design, product also known as the art form. Mechanical Products art forms should be able to demonstrate its function in a rational and external quality of uniformity, the product should reflect the advanced technology and meet the aesthetic requirements of modernity. For mechanical engineering, said it was "a Paper goods sold," That is an exaggeration, but not to modeling design is certainly not desirable. Modeling the mechanical engineering design of the machine can shape their structure, function and use requirements, paying and with the psychological and physical coordination. This modeling design should include ministries of proper body fluid, color coordination, Instrumentation layout beautiful and easy to operate and intuitive sign in the trademark symbol. Now the world's major companies have attached great importance to the products of industrial design, and a specialized research and design. A world leader left the compactor manufacturers -- BMW, his third of the mechanical compaction machine modeling experts from the industrial design Louis.L.lepoix design, have a good overall result. The series dismounting replacement filter, transmission pieces, hoses and routine maintenance is very convenient. Adopt modern arc-shaped dip in the cab and the engine hood broadminded, fluent lines, with the flavor of the times. Driving the steering wheel height and angle adjustable, choose a comfortable high back seats adjustable damping. Drivers prepare for a good operating environment. Instrumentation site design, easier to observe and control, tilt hood of the driver to provide a good perspective. Hydraulic steering gear shifted to the cab, driving to reduce indoor heat and noise. Arc-shaped windscreen of the cab and four SUPPORT able to isolate noise and vibration. indoor noise below 70dB (A). Many other engineering machinery are also different degrees of emphasis on industrial design, layout components such as depression, to reduce the center of gravity of the aircraft; Supporting appropriate to expand the area to increase the machine's stability; about as symmetrical layout, to meet the aesthetic; Appearance removed some of the corner, the edge, to show the fluency, and other lines. Construction Machinery paint more of its industrial design is an important part of the unit should be interesting colors, increase the safety of the working environment, and with the field construction site is pure green fields, coordination, Topping the use of the waist line and increase the level to get off the color machines can increase the concentration of visual stability. 5、artificial intelligence Innovation : intelligent robotic machines Mechanical engineering in the construction field instead of the manual to expand the functions of the hands and feet, traditional machinery can be resolved in good physical and physiological burden, not to mention the relief of spiritual and psychological burden. Modern engineering machinery should be given its soulful, intelligent engineering machinery is a thinking mind (microcomputer) sensorium (sensors), neural network (electronic transmission). Derrnatopathy (power and transmission), and hand, foot bones (work with devices running) for telecommunications systems integration. Machine is not electromechanical integration of telecommunications and information technology with a simple, it poses the system must have five functions : ① detection and identification with the objects of their work and working conditions of the function; ② goal with under their own decision-making function; ③ have to respond to the decision-making, implementation support movement functions; ④ with automated monitoring and self-revision process functions; ⑤ z own self-protection and security troubleshooting functions. This is the Inte