中考英語 第三輪 中考題型聚焦 題型四 完形填空考點跟蹤1

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題型四　完形填空　　　 (2016，山西) 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從每小題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出一個最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 The world needs love and many people need our help.Several years ago，my teachers asked me to take part in a program that helps those who are 1 .Each week，I spent an hour in the classroom helping children with schoolwork，art projects，games and other 2 including eating.My mother is a teacher，so I am used to helping children; however，I found that working with children with special needs would 3 my life forever. At first，I thought it would be 4 to be with the children who are so different，but gradually I found theres something special about these students.So there was no need to worry about it.Each Thursday I was welcomed by the smiling faces of Thomas，Joey and Missy.Thomas has to sit on the wheelchair.He communicates with simple words 5 yes and no.Joey，a deaf girl，always welcomed me with a big smile.Missy was born with a kind of 6 and it makes her really small for her age.In a normal classroom，it would be common to hear a teacher comfort a child who is tapping his pencil，speaking 7 ，or making unnecessary noises.However，here，shouts，cries，and other noises are 8 .Theyre signs of excitement and different ways of communicating. Working with children with special needs has changed my life.It has made me 9 others needs.One of my teachers believes that we should be part of something bigger than 10 .I never realized how true this was until I worked with these children.I believe everyone should get out and do something that makes a difference. 1．A.uneducated　　　B．homeless　　　C．disabled 2．A.courses B．competitions C．a(chǎn)ctivities 3．A.change B．waste C．save 4．A.nervous B．relaxing C．lively 5．A.except B．like C．a(chǎn)gainst 6．A.ability B．illness C．habit 7．A.clearly B．politely C．loudly 8．A.mentioned B．stopped C．encouraged 9．A.refuse B．notice C．influence 10．A.ourselves B．yourselves C．themselves 【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者在多年前幫助一些身體有殘疾的學(xué)生做功課，參加各種活動甚至吃飯的經(jīng)歷，告訴我們這個世界需要愛，有很多人需要我們的幫助。最后作者號召我們走出去，做一些對世界有意義的事情。 1．C　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。uneducated沒教養(yǎng)的；homeless無家可歸的；disabled殘疾的。根據(jù)后文中的關(guān)鍵詞“wheelchair，deaf”可推知此處表達的是“幾年前，我的老師讓我參加一個幫助殘疾孩子們的項目?！惫蔬xC。 方法點撥：語境邏輯推理是完形填空命題的主要角度。脫離上下文語境，每個選項放在空格處，在語法上、詞性上可能都是正確的，但在上下文具體語境及具體情境下，正確答案又是唯一的。一般此類題需要考生分析空格處的前后內(nèi)容或綜合全文內(nèi)容選出符合文意和邏輯的選項?？梢栽囍鴮⑦x項代入“試讀”，如果符合文章主題或邏輯，就直接確定選項；若有兩個及以上的詞填入都可以，就必須在上下文尋找提示詞或句，確定找到依據(jù)再填詞。 2．C　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理?？疾槊~詞義辨析。course課程；competition競爭；activity活動。根據(jù)空格后的“eating”以及空格前的“schoolwork，art projects，games”可知此處表達的是“我在教室花了一個小時的時間幫助學(xué)生的功課，藝術(shù)節(jié)目，游戲和其他活動”。故選C。 3．A　【解析】命題點：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。考查動詞詞義辨析。change改變；waste浪費；save拯救。根據(jù)句意及句中的關(guān)鍵詞“however”可知此處表達的是“我媽媽是一位老師，所以我經(jīng)常幫助孩子們；然而，我發(fā)現(xiàn)和有特殊需求的孩子相處將永遠改變我的生活?！辈⒂勺詈笠欢蔚谝痪洹癢orking with children with special needs has changed my life.”可知選A。 方法點撥：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題是指某一詞匯以原形、詞形變化、同義變化/近義詞、反義詞等重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語篇中。解答此類試題時，考生首先要根據(jù)前后語境判斷空格處所在句子的意思，此類試題多與前后句的表述有關(guān)聯(lián)，空格處所在的句子會重復(fù)用到前后句中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的某一個單詞，再結(jié)合語境判斷，就能準確地確定答案。此外，山西中考完形填空的命題角度還包括生活常識及代詞指代。 4．A　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。nervous緊張的；relaxing令人放松的；lively栩栩如生的。根據(jù)句意及句中的關(guān)鍵詞“but”可知此處表達的是“剛開始的時候，我認為和那些與眾不同的孩子們相處將會非常緊張，但是，我逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)這些孩子們也有不同的地方?！薄癰ut”表示前后語境發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折，作者由剛開始的緊張轉(zhuǎn)為接受并發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們的特殊之處。故選A。 5．B　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。except除了……之外；like像……；against緊靠著。空格后的“yes和no”是空格前的“simple words”的例子，介詞“l(fā)ike”有此用法。故選B。 6．B　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理?？疾槊~詞義辨析。ability能力；illness疾病；habit習(xí)慣。根據(jù)句意“Missy出生的時候患有一種疾病，并且這種病使得她在她的年齡上顯得特別小?！焙蟀刖渲械摹癿akes her really small for her age”可知她患有一種病。故選B。 7．C　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理。考查副詞詞義辨析。clearly清晰地，明顯地；politely禮貌地；loudly大聲地。根據(jù)語境可知此處表達的是“在常規(guī)課堂上，老師會制止那些敲筆，大聲說話的學(xué)生”。故選C。 8．C　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。mention涉及；stop停止；encourage鼓舞。由“However”可知前后兩句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。此處表達的是“在特殊課堂上，叫喊、哭叫和其他聲音都是被鼓勵的”。故選C。 9．B　【解析】命題點：語境邏輯推理?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。refuse拒絕；notice注意，關(guān)注；influence影響。由前半句“和有特殊需求的孩子們相處已經(jīng)改變了我的生活”，可知本句表達的是“這使我開始關(guān)注其他人的需求”。故選B。 10．A　【解析】命題點：代詞指代?？疾榉瓷泶~辨析。ourselves我們自己；yourselves你們自己；themselves他(她/它)們自己。由語境可知此處表達的是“我的一個老師堅信，我們應(yīng)該成為比我們本身更大的一個存在”?？崭裉幣c本句中的“we”相呼應(yīng)。故選A。 方法點撥：此類試題難度比較小，但解答此類試題一定要細心，首先要判斷挖空前后所要代替的是人還是物，如果是人，則首先排除表物的代詞it；如果是物，則排除人稱代詞。其次判斷所指代的是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，有時句子中既有人還有物，考生一定要仔細判斷所代替的中心詞。 另外，山西中考完形填空還會從“語法知識、固定搭配、生活常識”角度進行命題，針對這三種命題角度，考生可運用以下技巧進行解答： 命題點：語法知識。 方法點撥：此類試題需要考生熟練掌握初中所要求掌握的語法知識，這樣才能運用自如，此外，此類試題一定要結(jié)合上下文細讀語境，一般語境中都會有突破點，可以與某一語法聯(lián)系起來，比如介詞in可以與一般將來時連用，所以如果語境中含有一般將來時，而選項中又有in，則答案很容易選擇。 命題點：固定搭配。 方法點撥：做此類題時，考生要仔細分析每個選項常見的固定搭配及意思和用法，聯(lián)系上下文語境，選出最適合的一項。此外，考生還需在平常的學(xué)習(xí)中多積累動詞短語、介詞短語、形容詞短語、固定句型等固定搭配，多記憶、多運用，增強對試題的敏感度。如：leave off(停止), be popular with(受到……歡迎)，be interested in(對……感興趣)，in time(及時)等。 命題點：生活常識。 方法點撥：解答此類試題，僅憑語法知識是不夠的，還需要掌握一定的生活常識(經(jīng)驗)，因此考生在日常生活中應(yīng)多閱讀，多積累，拓寬自己的知識面，同時要多了解一些外國文化知識。 Cloze 1(2015，山西)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號：36422347) Yesterday was Fathers Day.Many things happening between my father and me crowded my mind.But one thing made a deep impression on me. It was a Sunday morning，and I was in a 1 mood(情緒)．Two of my friends had gone to the movies the night before and hadnt invited me.I was in my room 2 ways to make them sorry when my father came in.“Want to go for a ride today，Beck? Its a beautiful day.” “No! Leave me alone！” Those were the 3 words I said to him that morning. My friends called and 4 me to go to the mall with them a few hours later.I forgot to be 5 with them and then went with them.When I came home，I found a 6 on the table.My mother put it where I would be sure to see it.“Dad has had an 7 ．Please meet us at Highland Park Hospital.” When I reached the hospital，my mother came out and told me a car hit my father and his injuries were extensive(大面積的)．“Your father told the driver to leave 8 alone and just call 911，thank God! If he had moved Daddy，...” My mother may have said more，but I didnt hear.I didnt hear anything 9 those terrible words: Leave me alone.My dad said them in order to 10 himself.He didnt want to be hurt more.How much had I hurt him 11 I shouted out those words at him earlier in the day? It was several days later that he was 12 able to have a talk.I held his hand gently，afraid of hurting him. “Daddy...I am so sorry...” “Its okay，sweetheart.Ill be okay.” “No，” I said，“I mean about 13 I said to you that day.You know，that morning? ” He looked at me and said，“Sweetheart，I remember 14 about that day，not before，during or after the accident.I remember telling you goodnight the night before，though.” He managed a weak smile. My English teacher once told me that words have great power.They can hurt or they can heal(治愈)．And we all have the power to 15 our words.I am going to do that very carefully from now on. ( B )1.A.good　　　　B．terrible　　　　C．peaceful ( A )2.A.thinking up B．giving up C．looking up ( B )3.A.common B．last C．careless ( C )4.A.led B．encouraged C．invited ( B )5.A.strict B．a(chǎn)ngry C．pleased ( C )6.A.letter B．diary C．note ( A )7.A.accident B．illness C．examination ( B )8.A.me B．him C．her ( A )9.A.except B．a(chǎn)mong C．towards ( B )10.A.hide B．save C．express ( A )11.A.when B．until C．before ( B )12.A.really B．finally C．suddenly ( C )13.A.how B．why C．what ( C )14.A.something B．everything C．nothing ( B )15.A.keep B．choose C．understand Cloze 2 (2014，山西)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號：36422348) Each of us fails from time to time.If we are wise，having enough experience and knowledge，we regard these failures (失敗) as a necessary and 1 part of learning.But often as parents and teachers，we dont 2 this right (權(quán)利) to our children. Donnie was a third grader in my class.His 3 about failure kept him from classroom games that other children enjoyed.He 4 answered my questions—he was afraid of making mistakes. I tried my best to build his selfconfidence.But nothing changed 5 midterm，when Mary，a new teacher，came.She was young and pretty，and she was loved by every student 6 Donnie.It was her who made a big difference to Donnie later. One morning，they were doing math problems at the blackboard.Donnie had copied the problems clearly and 7 ．But hed missed the fourth problem and began to cry with his head in his arms. I didnt know what to do.Suddenly，a smile 8 on Marys face.From the desk she got a box 9 pencils.“Look，Donnie.” she said gently，kneeling (蹲在) beside him.“Ive got something to 10 you.” She removed the pencils，one at a time.And placed them on his desk. “See these pencils，Donnie？” she continued.“They 11 Mrs.Landon and me.See how the erasers are worn(磨損)？Thats because we make mistakes too.But we erase the mistakes and try again.Thats what you 12 learn to do，too.” She kissed him and stood up.“Here，” she said，“Ill leave one of these pencils on 13 desk so youll remember that everybody makes mistakes，even teachers.” Donnie looked up with 14 in his eyes and smile. The pencil became Donnies prize.That，together with Marys encouragement，gradually made him understand 15 the meaning of making mistakes is—its all right to make mistakes，as long as you erase them and try again. ( C )1.A.similar B．a(chǎn)ctive C．important ( A )2.A.offer B．pass C．send ( B )3.A.puzzle B．worry C．complaint ( C )4.A.always B．usually C．seldom ( C )5.A.since B．a(chǎn)fter C．until ( A )6.A.including B．except C．without ( B )7.A.simply B．carefully C．casually ( A )8.A.appeared B．froze C．disappeared ( C )9.A.made of B．covered by C．filled with ( B )10.A.tell B．show C．a(chǎn)sk ( C )11.A.come to B．refer to C．belong to ( C )12.A.might B．could C．must ( A )13.A.your B．his C．her ( B )14.A.hate B．love C．fear ( C )15.A.how B．why C．what Cloze 3 (2013，山西)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號：36422349) When I was a young child，my parents often told me that a positive heart brought a man everything.I didnt understand and wondered why 1 has such a big influence on a person.And now，although Im just a middle school student，Id like to 2 my own opinions on this saying. Once I read a sentence —“To make this world a 3 place to live in，rather than the whole world，youd better change your 4 ．”It made me lost in thought.There are so many things around us that go 5 our will.We cant force life to follow our wishes.The earth wont 6 turning whether we accept it or not. What we can do is just to make ourselves suit the world.I think we should learn to 7 welcome whatever life gives us，the spring sunlight or the winter snowfall，and try to get 8 from it. I have tried to catch every pleasant thing in my life，but I 9 catch most of the pleasant moments，such as being hugged by mother when in fear，being 10 by the teacher when in trouble，being helped by a stranger when 11 ．I realize that I dont just live alone and that there are others around me I should 12 ．They all pay attention to my growing up，and are proud of my achievements 13 it is just a little progress.It is their care and love that 14 remind me I live in a warm and happy world. Different people may have different 15 towards life.But there is one rule that should be followed and that is to make the world better. ( A )1.A.it B．he C．she ( C )2.A.hold B．make C．show ( A )3.A.nice B．dull C．rich ( B )4.A.job B．heart C．taste ( C )5.A.above B．a(chǎn)long C．a(chǎn)gainst ( A )6.A.stop B．keep C．start ( C )7.A.casually B．politely C．warmly ( C )8.A.friendship B．success C．pleasure ( B )9.A.wont B．cant C．neednt ( C )10.A.invited B．trained C．cheered ( B )11.A.in line　　　　　B．in danger C．in agreement ( A )12.A.think of B．hear of C．dream of ( C )13.A.as for B．now that C．even though ( B )14.A.never B．often C．sometimes ( C )15.A.plans B．habits C．a(chǎn)ttitudes Cloze 4(2012，山西)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號：36422350) When I was in primary school，I had a big argument with a boy in my class.I cant 1 what it was about，but I have never forgotten the 2 I learned that day. I was sure that I was right and he was wrong. 3 ，he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right.The teacher decided to teach us a lesson.She 4 a good idea.She brought both of us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her grey desk and me on 5 ．In the middle of the desk was a large，round object.It was 6 for me to see that it was black.She asked the boy what color the object was.“ 7 ，” he answered in a loud voice. I couldnt 8 that the object was white，considering that it was certainly black! One more argument started between the boy and me，this time 9 the color of the object. The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been.We changed 10 ，and then she asked me what the color of the object was.I 11 answer，“White.” It was then that I knew what was wrong.It was an object with two 12 colored sides，and from his side it was white. 13 from my side it was black. My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: You must 14 in other persons position(位置)and look at the 15 through their eyes in order to truly understand their ideas. ( B )1.A.understand B．remember C．explain ( C )2.A.class B．subject C．lesson ( C )3.A.Therefore B．Also C．However ( A )4.A.came up with　　　　　B．went on with C．got along with ( C )5.A.another B．other C．the other ( B )6.A.hard B．clear C．lucky ( B )7.A.Black B．White C．Grey ( C )8.A.realize B．describe C．believe ( C )9.A.like B．a(chǎn)gainst C．a(chǎn)bout ( A )10.A.places B．objects C．opinions ( C )11.A.could B．should C．had to ( B )12.A.similarly B．differently C．brightly ( A )13.A.But B．Still C．Only ( B )14.A.appear B．stand C．hide ( A )15.A.situation B．discussion C．solution Cloze 1(2016，山西百校聯(lián)考一模)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號：36422351) My husband has been working in Shanghai for four months.Our 7yearold daughter Holly missed him very much.When I told her we would visit her father，she was so 1 that she told everyone she met. We left for Shanghai 2 Holly finished her exam.She couldnt wait to tell her father about her good grades.The train was pretty 3 ．Because I did not get the tickets online early，Holly and I were 4 .We could not get seats together.Holly was usually nervous about trips and 5 my reading to her the whole way.But this time it seemed it was not possible at all. When the two passengers who shared my row found their seats.I asked 6 they would change places with Holly or me.They both 7 ．We felt very disappointed.At the same time，a mother and her two children several rows ahead of us also met the same 8 ．The mother could hold her baby，but her 6yearold son had to sit with 9 ．She was worried about her son.But 10 offered to help her. At that very moment，I saw a group of teens on the train.Maybe they were from the same group.One of the teens 11 and said to the mother.“Aunt，we can help you.”He then rearranged(重新安排) 12 seats.Then there was space for the family to sit together.The mother was 13 to the teens. Holly was still upset. 14 ，there wasnt anything that I could do.We would have to sit where we were.Suddenly，the passenger next to me，turned and asked，“Would you and your daughter like our seats？” We changed 15 and continued our trip.Being together made our trip much better. From this experience，I do know that kindness is contagious(傳染的)，and good deeds cause more good deeds! ( A )1.A.excited 　B．interested C．worried ( C )2.A.before 　B．until C．a(chǎn)fter ( C )3.A.empty 　B．fast C．full ( B )4.A.praised 　B．separated C. treated ( A )5.A.depended on 　B．put on C．decided on ( B )6.A.that 　B．if C．when ( B )7.A.agreed 　B．refused C．replied ( A )8.A.problem 　B．subject C．task ( C )9.A.relatives 　B．classmates C．strangers ( C )10.A.everybody 　B．somebody C．nobody ( B )11.A.put up 　B．stood up C．got up ( B )12.A.his 　B．their C．her ( C )13.A.meaningful 　B．helpful C．thankful ( A )14.A.However 　B．Besides C．Also ( C )15.A.trains 　B．tickets C．seats Cloze 2(2016，山西適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號：36422352) John and Bobby joined a company in the same year.They both worked very hard.After several years，however，the boss promoted(提升) Bobby to the position of manager but John remained a clerk.John was 1 and decided to leave his job.The main reason is that the boss didnt 2 hardworking clerks like him. In fact，the boss knew that John worked very hard for these years.He said，“I hope you can do one more thing for our company 3 you leave.Perhaps you will change 4 mind.” John agreed.The boss asked him to find out anyone selling watermelons in the 5 ．John went and came back 6 ．He said he found one man.The boss asked about the price.John 7 his head and went back to the market. Then the boss let John wait for a moment.He called Bobby to his office and told him to do the 8 thing.John didnt think Bobby would do better than him.Soon Bobby 9 and said，“There is only one person selling watermelons.The 10 is $1.2 for a kg.and $10 for 10，he has 340 melons 11 ．They were bought from the South two days ago，so they are 12 and look nice.” John was very shocked and realized the 13 between himself and Bobby.He decided not to leave but to learn from Bobby. Chances always 14 in the tiny things.For the same matter，a more successful person sees more and further 15 he can get a chance to achieve his goal.lf a person sees one year ahead，while another sees only tomorrow，the difference between a year and a day is 365 times，how could you win? ( B )1.A.excited B．unhappy C．calm ( C )2.A.treat B．greet C．value ( A )3.A.before B．a(chǎn)fter C．since ( B )4.A.my B．your C．his ( A )5.A.market B．company C．garden ( C )6.A.easily B．carefully C．quickly ( B )7.A.washed B．shook C．nodded ( A )8.A.same B．silly C．crazy ( C )9.A.arrived B．refused C．returned ( B )10.A.part B．price C．prize ( A )11.A.in total B．in public C．in half ( C )12.A.ugly B．dirty C．fresh ( A )13.A.difference 　　　　　B．friendship C．conversation ( B )14.A.list B．lie C．tie ( C )15.A.ever since B．even though C．so that Cloze 3(2016，太原市綜合測試一)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號：36422353) I was ten that year.One cold night after I finished my work，I hurried to the flower shop.When I arrived there，Mr.Rocco was 1 the door.“Please Mr.Rocco，” I asked，“Will you open up? I just want a 2 ．Tomorrow is Mothers Day.I hope to make my mom happy.And I want the most beautiful one in your shop.” Mr.Rocco stood there 3 for a long time，looking at me and said nothing.It seemed he was making an important 4 ．Finally he showed me a plant on the shelf.“I can give you this.” “But it looks like grass! Flowers wont come out！” I felt upset and 5 cried.“Now trust me，my boy.I 6 that tomorrow morning you will find your most beautiful flower.Now put this paper bag over it 7 you can keep it from the cold.” he said to me softly. I ran home.Mom was badly sick and she seemed to be 8 ．I walked into her room quietly not to wake her up and put the plant on the table 9 the bed.I wanted her to be 10 when she woke up on Mothers Day. The next morning when I 11 moms room，she was staring at the plant.Wow! There was a big purple flower.It was the flower I really wanted! When I walked to mom， 12 smiled with tears in the eyes.She held out her hand， 13 me close and hugged me. My mom died the next night，but the plant has been in blossom(盛開) all the time in my heart.I am 14 to Mr.Rocco because his beautiful flower helped me 15 the moment when my mom hugged me because I knew how much she loved me.Thats the most wonderful moment of my life. ( A )1.A.locking B．opening C．repairing ( B )2.A.shelf B．flower C．card ( C )3.A.politely B．happily C．silently ( A )4.A.decision B．introduction C．invitation ( B )5.A.seldom B．a(chǎn)lmost C．still ( A )6.A.promise B．suggest C．expect ( C )7.A.as long as B．even though C．so that ( B )8.A.awake B．a(chǎn)sleep C．a(chǎn)fraid ( C )9.A.inside B．outside C．beside ( A )10.A.surprised B．safe C．relaxed ( A )11.A.entered B．left C．guarded ( C )12.A.we B．I C．she ( B )13.A.pushed B．pulled C．carried ( C )14.A.helpful B．meaningful C．thankful ( B )15.A.regret B．remember C．discover Cloze 4 (2016，成都) How do you get to school every day? For most students in cities，its 1