中考英語命題研究 第二部分 語法專題突破篇 專題十 動詞的時態(tài) 第二節(jié) 時態(tài)的應(yīng)用試題1

《中考英語命題研究 第二部分 語法專題突破篇 專題十 動詞的時態(tài) 第二節(jié) 時態(tài)的應(yīng)用試題1》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《中考英語命題研究 第二部分 語法專題突破篇 專題十 動詞的時態(tài) 第二節(jié) 時態(tài)的應(yīng)用試題1（9頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

第二節(jié) 時態(tài)的應(yīng)用 ,河北中考重難點(diǎn)突破 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 一、時態(tài)的判斷 根據(jù)河北近5年真題分析可以看出，初中階段需掌握六種基本時態(tài)。學(xué)生應(yīng)掌握動詞時態(tài)的判斷技巧來解題，如①根據(jù)時間狀語確定時態(tài)；②利用上下文語意判斷句子的時態(tài)；③根據(jù)上下文已有的時態(tài)信息確定時態(tài)；④在復(fù)合句中根據(jù)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時態(tài)；⑤固定句型與動詞時態(tài)間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系；⑥根據(jù)特定動詞與時態(tài)的對應(yīng)關(guān)系；⑦根據(jù)時態(tài)中的“特殊”對策(如客觀真理等)。 【方法突破】 1．根據(jù)時間狀語確定時態(tài)(2015年34題，2015年36題，2014年39題，2013年45題，2012年43題) 根據(jù)時間狀語判斷時態(tài)在河北中考中主要體現(xiàn)在詞語運(yùn)用和連詞成句題型中。 ①now，at present，at the moment，these days，look，listen等標(biāo)志著現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時； ②just now，…ago，in 1980，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used to，last night/week/month /year…(last系列)等標(biāo)志著一般過去時； ③at 1：00 last night，at that moment，this time yesterday等標(biāo)志著過去進(jìn)行時； ④tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next week/month/year…(next系列)等標(biāo)志著一般將來時； ⑤yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten years等標(biāo)志著現(xiàn)在完成時； ⑥除了上面這些時間狀語提示時態(tài)外，某些副詞也有這種作用，如：often，always，usually，never，seldom等表示頻率的副詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。 【典例剖析】(2015河北34題) ( )Were proud that China ________ stronger and stronger these years. A．will become B．became C．is becoming D．was becoming 【答案】C 【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。句意：我們自豪的是現(xiàn)在中國正變得越來越強(qiáng)大了。時間狀語these days“如今，現(xiàn)在”，是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的標(biāo)志。故本題選C。 2．利用上下文語意判斷句子的時態(tài)(2015年31題，2014年37題，2014年42題，2013年36題，2013年43題，2012年38題，2012年40題，2012年41題，2011年38題，2011年42題) 如果一個英語句子中既沒有出現(xiàn)時間狀語，也沒有可供判斷時態(tài)的上下文，那么就應(yīng)當(dāng)把這個句子翻譯成中文，利用我們的母語知識來判斷這個句子該用何種時態(tài)。 【典例剖析】(2015河北31題) ( )I ________ the shops.Can I get you anything? A．go to B．went to C．have gone to D．a(chǎn)m going to 【答案】D 【解題技巧】考查一般將來時。句意：我將去商店，我能給你買些東西嗎？根據(jù)Can I get you anything？可知動作沒有發(fā)生，故用一般將來時，go的將來時用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示。故選D。 3．根據(jù)上下文已有的時態(tài)信息確定時態(tài)(2015年32題，2014年40題，2013年37題，2012年43題) 有些試題雖然看起來沒有時間狀語提示詞，也不是出現(xiàn)在復(fù)合句中，但是上下句的動作存在著明顯的時間順序差距，因此可根據(jù)上下文已有的時態(tài)來判斷本句所要選用的時態(tài)。 【典例剖析】(2015河北32題) ( )Paula is pleased that she ________ her lost watch. A．finds B．found C．has found D．will find 【答案】C 【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：Paula是高興的，她找到了她丟失的手表。根據(jù)找到丟失的手表，可知動作發(fā)生在過去，又根據(jù)前文is pleased，可知過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。 4．在復(fù)合句中根據(jù)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時態(tài) 主從復(fù)合句中謂語動詞時態(tài)的一致主要有以下幾種情況： ①“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。如果主句是一般將來時，從句是由when，after，before，not…until，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句以及由if，unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時間。(2013年35題) 【典例剖析】(2013河北35題) ( )Henry will give us a report as soon as he ______. A．will arrive B．was arriving C．a(chǎn)rrives D．a(chǎn)rrived 【答案】C 【解題技巧】考查一般現(xiàn)在時。as soon as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，即主句用一般將來時，從句需用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選C。 ②“時態(tài)一致”原則。在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞為過去時態(tài)時，從句的謂語動詞須用相應(yīng)的某種過去時態(tài)。(2007年45題) 【典例剖析】(2007河北45題) ( )I didnt understand ________，so I raised my hand to ask. A．what my teacher says B．what does my teacher say C．what my teacher said D．what did my teacher say 【答案】C 【解題技巧】考查賓語從句的語序及時態(tài)。賓語從句需用陳述句語序，排查B和D項(xiàng)。再根據(jù)“時態(tài)一致”原則，即主句的謂語動詞為過去時態(tài)，從句的謂語動詞須用相應(yīng)的某種過去時態(tài)。故選C。 ③在主從復(fù)合句中，如果主句和從句的謂語動詞表示的兩個動作都發(fā)生在過去，而且有明顯的先后順序，那么，延續(xù)性動詞用過去進(jìn)行時，短暫性動詞用一般過去時。通常在when和while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句出現(xiàn)。(2008年27題，2007年35題，2006年34題) 【典例剖析】(2008河北27題) ( )The Children ________ a P．E.class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain. A．have B．a(chǎn)re having C．had D．were having 【答案】D 【解題技巧】考查過去進(jìn)行時。when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的時態(tài)為一般過去時，且“begin”為短暫性動詞，那主句表示延續(xù)性的謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時。 ④當(dāng)主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時等時態(tài)時，后面跟的賓語從句中的謂語動詞的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的限制，可根據(jù)具體情況，選用各種合適的時態(tài)。(2012年45題，2011年45題，2010年45題，2009年45題，2006年45題) 【典例剖析】(2011年河北45題) ( )Jenny is on holiday now.I wonder ________． A．when she will come back B．when she came back C．when will she come back D．when did she come back 【答案】A 【解題技巧】考查賓語從句的語序及時態(tài)。賓語從句需用陳述句語序，排查C和D項(xiàng)。本題遵循當(dāng)主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時等時態(tài)時，后面跟的賓語從句中的謂語動詞的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的限制。再根據(jù)上句她正在度假可知回來肯定是將來的事。故選A。 ⑤在含有“since從句”的主從復(fù)合句中，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句常用一般過去時。 另外，在“Its＋一段時間＋since＋從句”句式中，since后面的從句一般用一般過去時。 【典例剖析】(2014安徽中考改編) ( )Rick ________ a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China. A．learns B．learned C．has learned D．a(chǎn)re learning 【答案】C 【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在完成時。since引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句中“主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時”。所以本題可根據(jù)從句中的“came”判斷出主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，自從他來中國后就一直學(xué)習(xí)中國文化，這個學(xué)習(xí)的動作發(fā)生在過去，但是到目前為止還沒有結(jié)束且可能還會持續(xù)下去。故選C。 5．固定句型與動詞時態(tài)間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系(2009年36題) 在英語中，不少句型與一些動詞在時態(tài)的運(yùn)用方面都存在著特定的對應(yīng)關(guān)系，如： ①在“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”句型中，陳述句中用will表示一般將來時。 【典例剖析】(2009河北36題) ( )Keep practicing and you ________ your English. A．improve B．will improve C．improved D．were improved 【答案】B 【解題技巧】考查一般將來時。這是“祈使句＋and/ or＋陳述句”句型，陳述句的謂語要用“will＋動詞原形”，故選B。 ②在This/That/It is the first time that…句型中用現(xiàn)在完成時。若is改為was，就用過去完成時；有時以上結(jié)構(gòu)中的first也可換成second，third，fourth等；其中的time也可換成其他名詞。 【典例剖析】 ( )—Do you know our town at all? —No，this is the first time I ________ here. A．was B．have been C．came D．a(chǎn)m coming 【答案】B 【解題技巧】考查現(xiàn)在完成時。This is the first time…后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時，故選B。 6．根據(jù)特定動詞與時態(tài)的對應(yīng)關(guān)系(2014年44題) 在英語里有些動詞與時態(tài)有著特定的對應(yīng)關(guān)系，如see(看見)，hear(聽見)，find(找到)等詞的用法與上下文的時態(tài)有對應(yīng)的提示作用，如see sb. do/doing sth.，hear sb. do/doing sth.。 【典例剖析】(2015河北37題) ( )I saw Jeff in the park.He ________ on the grass and reading a book. A．sits B．sat C．is sitting D．was sitting 【答案】D 【解題技巧】考查過去進(jìn)行時。根據(jù)上文語境“我看到杰夫在公園里”。saw表明動作發(fā)生在過去。又根據(jù)reading a book，可知前后句表并列關(guān)系，故用過去進(jìn)行時。 7．根據(jù)時態(tài)中的“特”對策(如客觀真理等) 當(dāng)賓語從句表述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、格言或現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣行為時，其謂語動詞的時態(tài)不受主句謂語動詞時態(tài)的限制，要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 【典例剖析】 ( )The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．traveled B．travels C．is traveling D．will travel 【答案】B 【解題技巧】考查一般現(xiàn)在時。由常識可知“光比聲音傳播得快”是客觀真理，必須使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選B。 二、常見易混時態(tài)辨析 1．一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的易混辨析 一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作，或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)長期性、穩(wěn)定性；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時是指現(xiàn)在此刻或現(xiàn)在這一時期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時性，不穩(wěn)定性。如： He usually gets up at six in the morning.(經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作) She is an English woman.(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)) We are working on the farm these days.(現(xiàn)在這期間的動作，表示這幾天暫時在農(nóng)場上幫忙) Look！The boys are fighting.(現(xiàn)在此刻所發(fā)生的動作) 注意：不宜用進(jìn)行時態(tài)的動詞：表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞，如：love，like，hate，care，know，understand，forget，remember，believe，want，agree，wish，mean等；表示存在的動詞，如：be，lie(位于)等；表示一瞬間就發(fā)生的動作，如：get，buy，end，receive等。如： I like English very much.我非常喜歡英語。(表示情感) Mexico lies to the south of Texas.墨西哥位于德克薩斯州的南邊。(表示存在) 2．一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的易混辨析 兩者都表示過去發(fā)生的事情。但一般過去時只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事情本身，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在完成時則強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。主要說明現(xiàn)在的情況。如： I opened the door just now.我剛才打開了門。(指剛才做了“開門”的動作，但現(xiàn)在門是否開著，并未說明。) I have opened the door.我已經(jīng)把門打開了。(門現(xiàn)在還開著) 3．一般過去時和過去進(jìn)行時的易混辨析 一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生過，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作結(jié)束了，側(cè)重于事實(shí)。而過去進(jìn)行時表示動作在過去某時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性和未完成性。如： I wrote a letter to a friend last night.(信寫完了，強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)) I was writing a letter to a friend last night.(信不一定寫完，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作) 4．表示“將來時態(tài)”幾種形式的易混辨析 在初中階段，我們學(xué)了will/shall＋動詞原形，be going to＋動詞原形，be doing以及一般現(xiàn)在時等四種形式表達(dá)將來時。 will/shall表示單純的將來(即現(xiàn)在之后)。如： He will be back in a few days.他幾天之后回來。(單純將來) 注意：在含有if的條件狀語從句中，主句要用will表示將來時。例如： If it doesnt rain tomorrow，we will go climbing.如果明天不下雨，我們就去爬山。 be going to＋動詞原形多用于口語，強(qiáng)調(diào)事先的“打算、計(jì)劃”要做的事情或有某種跡象要發(fā)生的事情。如： What are you going to do this evening？你今晚準(zhǔn)備做什么？(打算) Look！There are so many clouds in the sky.Its going to rain，I think.看，天空烏云密布。我覺得是要下雨了。(有跡象要發(fā)生的事情) be doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示即將發(fā)生的將來，多與表示位移的動詞come，go，arrive，leave，fly，start等連用。如：She is leaving for Beijing.她就要啟程去北京。 一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時，主要用于時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中；或者用來表示按時刻表的規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動作。如： Ill tell him about it as soon as I see him.一見到他我就會告訴他這件事。 My plane takes off at seven tomorrow morning.我的航班明天早上11點(diǎn)起飛。 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 ( D )1.(2016石家莊18縣市聯(lián)考)My sister wants a new dress.She ________ it to the party. A．wears B．has worn C．wore D．is going to wear ( C )2.(2016石家莊18縣市聯(lián)考)I ________ my homework，I guess I cant join you. A．dont finish B．didnt finish C．havent finished D．wont finish ( C )3.(2016邯鄲升學(xué)二模)She ________ the bike for two years，but it still looks nice. A．had B．bought C．has had D．has bought ( D )4.(2016邯鄲升學(xué)二模)Turn down the TV，dear.Our son ________ for his report in the study. A．prepares B．has prepared C．prepared D．is preparing ( B )5.(2016邯鄲升學(xué)二模)Look at the picture in my room！My father ________ it in England. A．takes B．took C．will take D．is taking ( B )6.(2016路北區(qū)九年級二模)If people ______ the traffic rules，there will be fewer traffic jams and accidents. A．will obey B．obey C．break D．will break ( B )7.(2016石家莊28中模擬)Leave me alone，please！I ________ on a difficult problem. A．work B．a(chǎn)m working C．worked D．have worked ( D )8.(2016石家莊28中模擬)Miss Brown，we ________ cleaning the classroom.Can we go home now? A．finish B．a(chǎn)re finishing C．finished D．have finished ( D )9.(2016張家口二模)I didnt see clearly how the accident happened because it ________ heavily. A．is raining B．rains C．will rain D．was raining ( B )10.(2016張家口升學(xué)二模)Tony ________ his bag in the school library.He has to get it back. A．leaves B．left C．is leaving D．was leaving ,河北中考考點(diǎn)精練 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( C )1.(2016江西中考)—May I speak to Mrs.Black? —Sorry，mom cant come to the phone now.She________a shower. A．has B．had C．is having D．was having ( C )2.(2016綿陽中考)—Anita，where is your brother? —He________out in the garden with a group of kids. A．plays B．played C．is playing D．has played ( D )3.(2016北京中考)Please dont make so much noise.The baby________now. A．sleeps B．slept C．will sleep D．is sleeping ( D )4.(2016黔東南州中考)—Hurry up！We________for you at the gate. —Im sorry，Im coming soon. A．wait B．will wait C．have been waited D．a(chǎn)re waiting ( A )5.(2016畢節(jié)中考)Its six oclock in the morning.Many people________in the park. A．a(chǎn)re dancing B．dance C．is dancing D．dances ( B )6.(2016成都中考)—Lily，where is your father now？Go and get him for lunch. —Just a moment，please.Father________a phone call in his room. A．makes B．is making C．was making D．made ( C )7.(2016河南中考)Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain，but all the happiness happens while you________it. A．climb B．climbed C．a(chǎn)re climbing D．have climbed ( B )8.(2016南京中考)—Hi，Nora.Is your mother at home? —Just a minute！She________flowers in the garden. A．plant B．is planting C．planted D．was planting ( B )9.(2016永州中考)—________you ever________to the Great Wall? —Yes，Three times. A．Has；been B．Have；been C．Have；gone D．Did；go ( C )10.(2016寧夏中考)—Look！Someone________the classroom. —Well，it wasnt me.I didnt do it. A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．will clean ( A )11.(2016蘇州中考)—Hobo and Eddie________the cinema to watch the film Zootopia. —Oh，thats why I cant find them now. A．have gone to B．have been to C．has gone to D．has been to ( C )12.(2016武漢中考)I dont feel very well，Jack.Im afraid you________me your cold. A．give B．had given C．have given D．would give ( C )13.(2016北京中考)Its nice to see you again.We________each other since 2014. A．wont see B．dont see C．havent seen D．didnt see ( A )14.(2016黔南州中考)Rick________a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China. A．has learned B．will learn C．learns D．learned ( D )15.(2016煙臺中考)—Lucy has________to London.How can I get in touch with her? —Dont worry.She will phone you as soon as she________there. A．been；will get B．been；gets C．gone；will get D．gone；gets ( B )16.(2016北京中考)—Where did you go last weekend? —I________to the Great Wall. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone ( B )17.(2016上海中考)Last week Vivian______a dress for her mother with her firstmonth salary. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．would buy ( C )18.(2016廣東中考)School violence(暴力)________much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible. A．drew B．will draw C．has drawn D．was drawing ( A )19.(2016重慶中考)Dont worry.Bill will help you look after your dog when you______away on business. A．a(chǎn)re B．were C．will be D．have been ( C )20.(2016黃石中考)Many scientist believe that robots________able to talk like humans in 50 years. A．were B．a(chǎn)re C．will be D．have been ( D )21.(2016石家莊新華區(qū)中考模擬)My family________the tea garden last summer. A．visit B．will visit C．have visited D．visited ( D )22.(2016石家莊橋西區(qū)中考模擬)—Tom，could you give me a hand now? —Sorry，mom.I________a picture for tomorrows game. A．draw B．drew C．was drawing D．a(chǎn)m drawing ( B )23.(2016石家莊橋西區(qū)中考模擬)Our math teacher looks sad.Maybe he________what happened to him. A．is knowing B．has known C．must know D．will know ( D )24.(2016石家莊橋西區(qū)中考模擬)—Why didnt you answer my telephone yesterday evening? —Sorry.I________a bath. A．take B．took C．a(chǎn)m taking D．was taking ( C )25.(2016張家口升學(xué)一模)—There is going to be an important meeting in Beijing next week. —Thats right.And my boss________for Beijing to attend it. A．left B．was leaving C．is leaving D．leaves ( B )26.(2016張家口升學(xué)一模)—Your new watch is so beautiful! —Oh，thank you.I________it during my visit to Shanghai. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．have bought ( C )27.(2016張家口升學(xué)一模)Danny didnt see the cat catching a fish because he________the NBA game. A．watches B．is watching C．was watching D．watched ( D )28.(2016張家口升學(xué)一模)—Did you return the book to the library yesterday? —No，I________reading it. A．finished B．didnt finish C．have finished D．havent finished ( B )29.(2016裕華區(qū)中考模擬)—Excuse me，where is Mr.Smiths office? —Sorry，I________here for only a few days. A．works B．have worked C．have come D．worked ( D )30.(2016蘇州中考)—Oh，dear! A power cut! —Sorry，I dont know you________the washing machine. A．a(chǎn)re using B．used C．use D．were using ( A )31.(2016無錫中考)My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I________half of it. A．missed B．was missing C．will miss D．would miss ( B )32.(2016連云港中考)—Did Billy and Anna find a way out at last? —Yes，they________a plan and did it. A．were working out B．worked out C．a(chǎn)re working out D．have worked out 二、連詞成句 1．(2016路南區(qū)質(zhì)檢一)ten，in，have，years，we，Beijing，for，stay __We__have__stayed__in__Beijing__for__ten__years__． 2．(2016路南區(qū)質(zhì)檢一)basketball，the，week，the，win，last，boys，game __The__boys__won__the__basketball__game__last__week． 3．(2016保定調(diào)研)spring，take，I，last，them __I__took__them__last__spring__． 4．(2016河北豐潤區(qū)三模)coat，out，and，Tony，put，go，his，on __Tony__puts__on__his__coat__and__goes__out__． 5．(2017原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)the Smiths，party，yesterday，have，a __The__Smiths__had__a__party__yesterday__．