2012英語(yǔ)詞匯篇人教版必修2 unit 1《Cultural relics》課件

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在2010年上海世界博覽會(huì)召開(kāi)之前，舉辦方在全國(guó)各地招募志愿者，請(qǐng)以一個(gè)參選者的身份寫一篇120詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文談?wù)勀銋⑦x志愿者的理由。 范文背誦 I would like to be a volunteer in the Shanghai World Expo in my spare time. My reasons are as follows: First of all, it is a good virtue to help others, even in modern society. We all need others’help in case we get into trouble.Secondly, I am able to better help others because I gain valuable experience and build up my confidence while serving others. What’s more, volunteering makes me feel better about myself,thus making my life more enjoyable. More importantly, we can make the world a better place to live in by volunteering to improve it.I look forward to be a volunteer to help others. In summary,volunteering can make a difference to our life, so I think it is very rewarding to be a volunteer.,句型背誦 ①I would like to be a volunteer in the Shanghai World Expo in my spare time. ②What’s more, volunteering makes me feel better about myself, thus making my life more enjoyable. ③More importantly, we can make the world a better place to live in.,1. ______ adj.文化的→ ______ n.文化，文明 2. ______ adj. 稀罕的;稀有的;珍貴的→ ______ adv. 罕有地；很少地 3. ______ adj.貴重的；有價(jià)值的→ ______ n.價(jià)值→ ______ adj.無(wú)價(jià)的，極寶貴的→ ______ adj.無(wú)價(jià)值的;不值錢的 4. ______ vi.幸免;幸存;生還 → ______ n.幸存，生還→ ______ n.生還者 5. ______ vt.使吃驚；驚訝→ ______ adj.驚訝的→ ______ adj.令人吃驚的→ ______ n.驚異 6. ______ vt.挑選;選擇→ ______ n.選擇 7. ______ n.設(shè)計(jì);圖案;構(gòu)思；vt.設(shè)計(jì);計(jì)劃;構(gòu)思→ ______ n.設(shè)計(jì)者 8. ______ adj.奇特的；異樣的；vt.想象；設(shè)想；愛(ài)好 9. ______ v.裝飾；裝修→ ______ n.裝飾物;裝修 10. ______ n.［C］珠寶;寶石 → ______ n.［U］珠寶總稱；首飾 11. ______ n.接待；招待會(huì)；接收→ ______ v.接待；接受；收到 12. ______ vt.移動(dòng); 搬開(kāi)→ ______ n.移動(dòng);搬遷；免職 13. ______ n.根據(jù)；證據(jù)→ ______ adj. 明顯的；顯而易見(jiàn)的,答案:1. cultural;culture 2. rare; rarely 3. valuable; value; invaluable/priceless;valueless/worthless 4. survive; survival; survivor 5. amaze; amazed; amazing; amazement 6. select; selection 7. design; designer 8. fancy 9. decorate; decoration 10. jewel; jewellery/jewelry 11. reception; receive 12. remove; removal 13. evidence;evident 1. in search ______ 搜尋;尋找 2. belong ______ 屬于 3. ______ return作為報(bào)答；回報(bào) 4. ______ war處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài) 5. ______ than少于 6. ______ apart拆開(kāi) 7. think ______ of看重;器重 答案:1. of 2. to 3. in 4. at 5. less 6. take 7. highly,1. In 1770 the room was completed ______ ______ ______ ______ . 1770 年，這間琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。 2. This was a time ______ the two countries were ______ ______ . 這是在兩國(guó)交戰(zhàn)的時(shí)期。 答案:1. the way she wanted 2. when; at war,1. survive vi.幸免；生還；幸存 vt. 經(jīng)歷……而幸存；比……活的時(shí)間長(zhǎng) Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 在這次撞車事故受傷的6個(gè)人中，只有2個(gè)人活了下來(lái)。 Few buildings in Beichuan County survived the big earthquake on May 12. 在5月12日的大地震中，北川縣殘留的建筑物寥寥無(wú)幾。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： survive on sth. 靠……生存（意思等同于live on sth.） survive sb. (by.)比……活得長(zhǎng) survive sth. 幸免于；從……中挺過(guò)來(lái) 【聯(lián)想拓展】 survival n. ［U］幸存；［C］殘存物 survivor n.生還者，幸存者 用法點(diǎn)撥： survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因此后面不需要加in或from等介詞。當(dāng)survive作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“比……多活多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”時(shí)，用“A+ survive+ B+ by+ 時(shí)間”表示。,【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①她丈夫去世后她又活了10年。 She ______ her husband ten years. ②The old couple ______ ______ ______ （從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中幸存下來(lái)）.(原創(chuàng)) ③In the terrible accident, there were no ______ （幸存者）.(原創(chuàng)) 答案:①survived;by ②survived the war ③survivors 【速記名片】 一石四鳥(niǎo)之句 He was the only survivor that survived the accident, but he survived long, and even survived his son. 他不僅在那場(chǎng)事故中幸免于難，而且還活了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，甚至比他的兒子活的時(shí)間還長(zhǎng)。,2. design n. 設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思 vt. 設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；構(gòu)思 I like the design of that rug. 我喜歡那塊地毯的圖案。 A new highway between the two cities is being designed. 這兩個(gè)城市之間的一條新高速公路正在設(shè)計(jì)中。 用法點(diǎn)撥: design作為名詞,如果表達(dá)“設(shè)計(jì)”時(shí)一般用作不可數(shù)名詞,如果表達(dá)“設(shè)計(jì)式樣”時(shí)一般用作可數(shù)名詞;作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),后面直接跟賓語(yǔ)。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： by design=on purpose 有意地，故意地 be designed to do. 目的是做……；被打算做…… be designed for. 為……而打算／設(shè)計(jì) 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①你覺(jué)得他是偶爾如此，還是故意的？ Do you think he did it accidenally or ______ ______ ？ ②實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是測(cè)試新藥。 The experiment ______ ______ ______ test the new drug.,③這些房子是專門為老年人而設(shè)計(jì)的。 The houses are specially ______ ______ the old people. 答案:①by design/on purpose ②is designed to ③designed for 單項(xiàng)填空 ④I like the television programme ______ educate not merely entertain. A. designed to B. designed for C. is designed to D. is designed for 解析：選A。be designed to do為固定搭配，表示“目的是”。designed to.在句中為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞programme。B、D兩項(xiàng)中的for為介詞,后面需接v.-ing形式或名詞,故排除。 3. worth adj.值得的; 相當(dāng)于……的價(jià)值 n.價(jià)值; 作用 The new car costs a lot of money, but it’s worth much. 買這輛新汽車花了很多錢, 但確實(shí)物有所值。,The thieves stole one million pounds’worth of jewellery. 竊賊偷走了價(jià)值100萬(wàn)英鎊的珠寶。 用法點(diǎn)撥: worth除了可以用在it’s worth + n./doing sth.的句型中,后面還可以跟表示價(jià)值的名詞,若后面跟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),要跟v.-ing，而不可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式,并且用v.-ing的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)概念。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 be worth+n. 當(dāng)名詞為金錢時(shí)，表示“……值……錢” be worth doing ……某事值得被做 be worthy of+n. 當(dāng)名詞為抽象名詞時(shí),表示 “……值得……” be worthy to be/of being done 某事值得被做 be worthwhile to do sth. 值得做某事 It be worthwhile doing sth. 值得做某事 It be worthwhile for sb. to do sth. 值得某人去做某事 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 這本書值得讀。 ①The book is worth reading.=The book is ______ ______ ______ read. =It is ______ ______ the book.,答案:worthy to be; worthwhile reading 【速記名片】 一石二鳥(niǎo)之句 This movie is well worth seeing,but it is not worthy of being seen/to be seen twice. 這部電影值得看但是不值得看兩遍。 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 ②This book is worthy of ______ twice. A. reading B. read C. having read D. being read 解析：選D。 be worthy 后可以用to be done或of being done結(jié)構(gòu)，而worth后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)概念。 ③He is well skilled ______ playing the piano, so his music is worth ______. A. with; listening B. with; listening to C. in; listening D. in; listening to 解析：選D。be skilled in/at跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞,意為“在……方面有能力的”。worth意為“值得”,后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)概念。在句中,music作listen to的邏輯賓語(yǔ),而listen為不及物動(dòng)詞,to不可省略。,4. wonder n.［C］ 奇跡；奇觀；［U］驚奇；驚訝 v. 想知道；對(duì)……感到驚奇 The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world. 長(zhǎng)城是世界七大奇跡之一。 She always wondered how she could operate the new machine. 她想知道她怎么才能操作這臺(tái)新機(jī)器。 用法點(diǎn)撥： wonder作“奇跡；奇觀”講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，作“驚奇,驚嘆”講時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： It be a wonder (that). 奇怪的是…… （It be）no/little/small wonder (that.) 難怪……；……并不奇怪 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①你吃的那么多，難怪你睡不著。 ______ ______ ______ you can’t sleep when you eat so much. ②我很想知道他是誰(shuí)，來(lái)自哪里，為什么來(lái)。 I ______ who he was, where he were from and why he came. 答案:①It’s no wonder ②wonder,單項(xiàng)填空 ③—He is always the first to come and the last to leave. —______is no wonder he always takes the first place in class. A. It B. There C. That D. This 解析：選A。It is no wonder （that.）意為“難怪……”符合語(yǔ)境。 5. doubt n. 懷疑;疑惑 vt.懷疑;不信 I don’t doubt that he is honest. 我不懷疑他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。 We doubt if he is honest. 我們懷疑他是否誠(chéng)實(shí)。 用法點(diǎn)撥： doubt作為名詞，如果表達(dá)“困惑”的事情，用作可數(shù)名詞；如果表達(dá)“在某事上的困惑，”一般用作不可數(shù)名詞。作為動(dòng)詞，在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，后接that引導(dǎo)的從句；在肯定句中，后接whether/if引導(dǎo)的從句。,常用結(jié)構(gòu)： in doubt 懷疑；拿不定主意 no/without/beyond doubt 無(wú)疑地；必定；當(dāng)然 there is no doubt that. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……（that從句為同位語(yǔ)從句，表示no doubt的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，同位語(yǔ)從句亦可由whether引導(dǎo)） 【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①他肯定不是有意要傷害你的。 ______ ______he didn’t mean to hurt you. ②當(dāng)你對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題沒(méi)有把握時(shí)，請(qǐng)教一下老師。 When______ ______ about the question, you’d better ask the teacher. 答案:①No doubt ②in doubt 單項(xiàng)填空 ③There is no doubt ______ he will be asked to speak again next year. A. that B. whether C. what D. how 解析：選A。doubt 后的同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有這樣的規(guī)律：如果doubt前有否定詞，從句用that引導(dǎo)；如果doubt前沒(méi)有否定詞，則用疑問(wèn)代詞、副詞或whether引導(dǎo)。,6. in search of尋找 I looked everywhere in search of my lost pen. 我四處尋找我丟失的鋼筆。 用法點(diǎn)撥：in search of短語(yǔ)中，如果search前有物主代詞或者其他成分修飾時(shí)，我們經(jīng)常用in one’s search for的形式。in search of 與search for 后直接跟所尋找的對(duì)象或目標(biāo)。 【易混辨析】 search/search for/search.for/in search of search表示“搜索；搜尋；調(diào)查”。search sb.意為“搜某人身”；search sp.意為“在某地搜查”（意圖找到某東西）。 search for意為“尋找”，指搜尋某個(gè)特定的目標(biāo)，相當(dāng)于look for。 search.for意為“搜查某人或某地以尋找某物”。 in search of介詞短語(yǔ)，意為“尋找”，后接尋找的目標(biāo)或?qū)ο蟆?【即學(xué)即練】 完成句子 ①警察搜索那棟房屋，尋找被偷的寶石。 The police ______ the house ______ the stolen jewel. ②他們?cè)陂T口搜查了那個(gè)士兵。 They ______ the guard at the gate. ③警察到處搜捕他。最終他被抓住了，現(xiàn)在警察正在對(duì)他進(jìn)行搜身。 The police ______ ______ him everywhere. He was caught at last and now the police are ______ him. ④顯然有人搜過(guò)他的房子——那本書不見(jiàn)了。 His house had clearly been ______ and the book was missing. 答案:①searched; for ②searched ③searched for；searching ④searched 單項(xiàng)填空 ⑤They were walking around the town ______ a place for the party. A. in search of B. search C. searching of D. searched for 解析：選A。in search of為介詞短語(yǔ)，意為“尋找”，符合句意。B、D兩項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞形式不對(duì)；無(wú)C項(xiàng)search of 此種搭配。,7. belong to 屬于 Who does this watch belong to?這塊表是誰(shuí)的？ 用法點(diǎn)撥:belong to不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中。to 為介詞,其后接代詞,名詞類短語(yǔ)及從句,表示所歸屬的對(duì)象。belong可以用于除to以外的其他介詞或副詞前面,表示“應(yīng)處在（某處）;適合在某處”。 The book belongs on that shelf. 這本書應(yīng)是放在那個(gè)架子上的。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 belong vi.屬于;應(yīng)在(某處);適應(yīng) belongings n.財(cái)產(chǎn),所有物;動(dòng)產(chǎn) She lost all her belongings in the earthquake. 她在地震中失去了所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)。 I don’t really feel I belong here. 我感覺(jué)我并不適合在這個(gè)地方。 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 As is known to us all, China is a developing country ______ the third world. A. belonging B. belonged C. belonging to D. belonged to 解析：選C。belong to 此處作定語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，必須和to連用構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞 短語(yǔ)。,8. Frederick William Ⅰ, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. (P1) 普魯士國(guó)王威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)、批評(píng)、反悔等。 Mr Smith can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還見(jiàn)過(guò)他。 There is no light in the room, can they have gone out? 屋里沒(méi)亮燈，他們可能出去了嗎？ 【聯(lián)想拓展】 couldn’t have done，意為“過(guò)去不可能做了某事”，表示對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情較有把握的否定推測(cè)。 must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)，意為一定做過(guò)某事，只用于肯定句中。,may/might have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況的推測(cè)，意為“也許……”，一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用于疑問(wèn)句中。might則表示語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。 should/ought to have done 本該做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做 shouldn’t have done 本不該做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了 need have done 本來(lái)有必要做某事，但事實(shí)上沒(méi)有做 Needn’t have done 本來(lái)不需要做某事實(shí)際上卻做了 would have done 本來(lái)會(huì)……(表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中) 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 ①His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ______ have attended your lecture. A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 解析：選A。由“His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon”可推知,當(dāng)時(shí)他不在課堂上,不可能聽(tīng)了你的課。couldn’t have done意為“不可能做了某事”,符合句意。,②—Your mother was really anxious about you. —I know. I ______ home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 解析：選B。由“Your mother was really anxious about you”和“I know”可知，“我”是在為自己未打招呼就離家而自責(zé)。shouldn’t have done意為“某種行為不該發(fā)生卻發(fā)生了”，符合句意。 9. He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. (P5) 他/她關(guān)心的只是目擊者是否提供了真實(shí)的信息，這些信息必須是事實(shí)而不是個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)或看法。 rather than意為“而不是”，連接兩個(gè)并列成分，這兩個(gè)并列成分的形式應(yīng)該一致。rather than連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)遵循就前原則。類似用法的詞匯、短語(yǔ)還有：as well as，together with，except，but，like，with，besides，including等。,I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame. 我認(rèn)為該受責(zé)備的是湯姆，而不是你。 Professor Smith, together with his assistants, is doing the research day and night. 史密斯教授和他的助手們正在夜以繼日地進(jìn)行研究。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 or rather更確切地說(shuō) other than除了……之外 would/had rather do.than do =would do.rather than do=prefer to do.rather than do. 寧愿……而不愿……；寧愿；更喜歡 He would rather go walking than watch TV at home. 他寧愿出去散步也不愿待在家里看電視。 【即學(xué)即練】 選詞填空（rather than/other than/or rather） ①I met him very late on Friday night, ______, early on Saturday morning. ②Does anybody ______ yourself know this? ③I decided to send an e-mail ______ telephone. 答案:①or rather ②other than ③rather than,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫 1. While all his classmates left, he still r ______ in the dark room. 2. Tom s ______ his friend by 10 years after the war. 3. You can see the edition is well d ______ and all the articles are well written. 4. I think he would come but it’s only a f ______ of mine. 5. We’d better r ____the box out of the room; it takes too much room. 6. I don’t like talking about people s ______.Why not point out their shortcomings in public? 7. There was no ______(證據(jù)) that they had stolen the car. 8. The ______(財(cái)寶) dug out of the earth was a box of gold coins. 9. There are three other children entering the cave ______ (除了) Lin Tao and his brother. 10. I have always been ____(考慮) building another house in the yard. 答案: 1. remained 2. survived 3. designed 4. fancy 5. remove 6. secretly 7. evidence 8. treasure 9. besides 10. considering,Ⅱ. 用方框內(nèi)所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 in return/take apart/think highly of/no doubt/in search of 1. After leaving the army, Mr Brown came to China ______ a job. 2. She mentioned the names of a few judges whom she did not ______. 3. She gave us food and clothes and asked for nothing______ . 4. There is ______ that the search for those lost cultural relics will continue. 5. ______the sentence______ and you’ll make its structure clear. 答案: 1. in search of 2. thought highly of 3. in return 4. no doubt 5. Take; apart,Ⅲ. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. He had much experience in repairing this kind of machine and his work was ______ by his boss. A. thought highly of B. highly thought C. a good thought D. well spoken 解析：選A。think highly of意為“對(duì)……高度評(píng)價(jià)”，為固定搭配。 2. His sister has become a teacher, ______ was what she wanted to be. A. who B. that C. which D. what 解析：選C。which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面的整句話。 3. They went through the forest yesterday ______ the lost child. A. search for B. in search of C. in search for D. searched for 解析：選B。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處不能用謂語(yǔ)。in search of為介詞短語(yǔ)，意為“尋找”符合語(yǔ)境。,4. The family had just moved into the new house and yesterday they bought ______ yesterday. A. a lot of furnitures B. many furnitures C. much furniture D. a lot furniture 解析：選C。furniture為不可數(shù)名詞，故選C。 5. The boy took the watch ______ to see how it runs. A. apart to B. apart C. apart with D. apart on 解析：選B。take apart意為“拆開(kāi)”。 6. The old lady had one son and two daughters, treated her well, ______ made her very sad. A. none of whom; which B. neither of them; which C. none of them; it D. no one of whom; as 解析：選A。考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。第一個(gè)空none of whom修飾人，第二個(gè)空which指代前面的整句話。,7. It is known that lions and tigers ______ the cat family. A. is belonged to B. belong to C. belonging to D. belongs to 解析：選B。belong to不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 8. I know nothing about the young lady ______ she is from Beijing. A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that 解析：選D。except that后跟賓語(yǔ)從句，其他選項(xiàng)均無(wú)此用法。 9. Let’s not eat all the sandwiches now—we can ______ some for later. A. have B. stay C. keep D. remain 解析：選C。keep在此意為“保留”。remain與stay都可以表示“留下”，但都是不及物動(dòng)詞。,10. She is good singing and she sings good songs, but people don’t ______ her as a good singer. She sings for money. A. at; consider B. at; look C. for; think D. for; like 解析：選A。be good at為固定搭配，意為“擅長(zhǎng)做……”；“把……看作……”可用“consider .as.”或“l(fā)ook on.as”表示。 11. They knocked him down and ______ him of his watch and pen. A. caught B. robbed C. stole D. snatched 解析：選B。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)搭配可知，應(yīng)為rob sb. of sth.。steal sth. from sb. 從……偷……；steal sb. sth.為某人去偷某東西。A、C選項(xiàng)的詞義與句意不符合。 12. Jackson has a strange ______ of walking: he walks with one shoulder a little higher than the other. A. style B. type C. method D. set 解析：選A。 style意為“風(fēng)格，方式（= a particular way of doing sth.）”；method意為“方法，辦法”，其側(cè)重的是“通過(guò)探索找到的行之有效的辦法（= a planned way of doing sth.）”。,13. The police were ______ a search for the body of the man who disappeared. A. offering B. making C. taking D. giving 解析：選B。 make a search for為固定搭配,意為“搜尋(= search for)”。 14. We are facing a problem, and the government promises to ______ it as soon as possible. A. look for B. look out C. look into D. look through 解析：選C。 根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)為“調(diào)查，研究”，故選look into。look for尋找；look out當(dāng)心，look through瀏覽，均不符合句意。 15. He received a letter with an unusual stamp on from his friend, which ______ his collection. A. added up to B. added to C. made up D. made up for 解析：選B。 add to意為“增加（= increase）”；add up to意為“總計(jì)為（= amount to）”。,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,