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河北建筑工程學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
課題
名稱
QTZ40塔式起重機(jī)總體及起升系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)
系： 機(jī)械工程系
專業(yè)： 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其制動(dòng)化
班級(jí)： 機(jī)094
姓名： 陳福海
學(xué)號(hào)： 2009307426
起迄日期：2013年3月25日~ 2013年 6月21日
設(shè)計(jì)（論文）地點(diǎn): 綜405
指導(dǎo)教師： 李常勝
目錄
第1章 前言·················································································1
1.1塔式起重機(jī)概述········································································1
1.2塔式起重機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)································································1
第2章 總體設(shè)計(jì)···········································································1
2.1 概述···················································································2
2.2 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案的確定··································································2
2.2.1金屬結(jié)構(gòu)···········································································2
2.2.2工作機(jī)構(gòu)··········································································19
2.2.3安全保護(hù)裝置·····································································26
2.3總體設(shè)計(jì)原則······································································· 28
2.3.1整機(jī)工作級(jí)別································································· 28
2.3.2機(jī)構(gòu)工作級(jí)別································································· 28
2.3.3主要技術(shù)性能參數(shù)··························································· 29
2.4平衡臂與平衡重的計(jì)算·······························································29
2.5起重特性曲線··········································································31
2.6塔機(jī)風(fēng)力計(jì)算··········································································32
2.6.1工作工況Ⅰ······································································33
2.6.2工作工況Ⅱ······································································36
2.6.3非工作工況Ⅲ ··································································39
2.7整機(jī)的抗傾翻穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算····························································41
2.7.1工作工況Ⅰ·······································································42
2.7.2工作工況Ⅱ········································································43
2.7.3非工作工況Ⅲ·····································································44
2.7.4工作工況Ⅳ·······································································45
第3章 起升機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算·······················································47
3.1起升機(jī)構(gòu)的形式·······································································47
3.2 確定起升機(jī)構(gòu)滑輪組倍率···························································49
3.3 鋼絲繩的選擇········································································50
3.4 確定卷筒的尺寸·····································································51
3.5 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)···········································································52
3.6計(jì)算傳動(dòng)比，確定卷筒直徑·························································53
3.7 校驗(yàn)卷筒··············································································54
3.8 選擇滑輪··············································································54
3.9 選擇減速器、制動(dòng)器、聯(lián)軸器······················································55
3.10 電動(dòng)機(jī)及起升機(jī)構(gòu)起、制動(dòng)時(shí)間校驗(yàn)············································58
第4章 吊鉤組的設(shè)計(jì)····································································61
4.1 吊鉤組的形式·········································································61
4.2 吊鉤的形式············································································61
4.3 吊鉤計(jì)算···············································································62
4.4 吊鉤橫梁計(jì)算·········································································64 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)小結(jié)··············································································66
參考文獻(xiàn)·····················································································67
摘要
塔式起重機(jī)作為建筑施工的主要設(shè)備，在建筑等行業(yè)發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。塔式起重機(jī)屬于臂架型起重機(jī)，由于其臂架鉸接在較高的塔身上，且可回轉(zhuǎn)，臂架長(zhǎng)度較大，結(jié)構(gòu)輕巧、安裝拆卸運(yùn)輸方便，適于露天作業(yè)，因此大多數(shù)用于工業(yè)與民用建筑施工。
塔式起重機(jī)是為了滿足高層建筑施工、設(shè)備安裝而設(shè)計(jì)的新型起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械，QTZ40塔式起重機(jī)是由建設(shè)部長(zhǎng)沙建設(shè)機(jī)械研究院設(shè)計(jì)的新型建筑用塔式起重機(jī)，該機(jī)為水平臂架，小車變幅，上回轉(zhuǎn)自升式多用途塔機(jī)。
本設(shè)計(jì)的題目是固定式QTZ40塔式起重機(jī)起升系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。QT40塔式起重機(jī)有多種形式，此次設(shè)計(jì)的形式為上回轉(zhuǎn)液壓頂升自動(dòng)加節(jié)，可隨著建筑物的升高而升高，固定式高度為36米，在附著狀態(tài)下可達(dá)到100米，其工作幅度為50米。
本設(shè)計(jì)書主要包括四部分：第一部分主要是對(duì)現(xiàn)今國內(nèi)外塔式起重機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、趨勢(shì)以及QTZ40塔式起重機(jī)特點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合，做了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要的概述；第二部分是QTZ40塔式起重機(jī)總體方案的選擇及總體設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過程；第三部分是起升機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算；第四部分是吊鉤組的設(shè)計(jì)。
關(guān)鍵詞： QTZ40塔式起重機(jī) 起升機(jī)構(gòu) 吊鉤組
ABSTRACT
As an important facility, the tower crane plays an important role in construction industry. The tower crane belongs to the arm rack type crane. Its arm is hinged on the high tower body, and it may rotate. It has longer arm, dexterous structure. What’s more, it is easy to be assembled, disassembled and transported. It is suitable for the open-air work and mainly used for industry and civil construction
Tower cranes are to meet high-rise construction building, equipment installation and design as a new type machinery of lifting transport. The QTZ40 tower cranes are new tower cranes designed by Changsha Institute of the Ministry of Construction Machinery used in construction building. The aircraft is horizontal boom, trolley luffing, on the back or decanted from the tower-type multi-purpose machines .
The design topic is the stationary QTZ40 tower crane system and the design of lifting structure. There are many kinds of QTZ40 tower crane. The form of this design is as below. With an upper rotating hydraulic pressure propping system, the machine could add height automatically and thus rise with the building ascension. The stationary type is 36meter high; it could reach the height of 100meters when it is being adhered. Its work scope is 50 meters.
This design book mainly includes four parts. The first part summarizes the present situation and the development tendency of the Tower crane in both our country and abroad, as well as the characteristic and application occasion.The second part is the QTZ40 tower crane overall concept choice and the system design computation process; the third part is the organization design and the computation of lifting mechanism;and the last is the design of the hook group.
KEY WORDS: QTZ40 tower crane lifting mechanism hook group