高中英語(yǔ)必修二Unit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)

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Unit 2 The Olympic Games 核心單詞講解： 1. compete vi.比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng) compete with/against sb. for sth. 為得到某物與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng) compete in (a game, a match) 參加；在……方面競(jìng)爭(zhēng) competition n.比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng) competitor n.比賽者;競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者 competitive adj.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的 練習(xí)：①It’s difficult for small markets to big ones. ②Will you the 100-metre race? ③The two athletes will the gold medal. 2. admit vt.&vi.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；容許；接納(常用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu));承認(rèn) be admitted as ... 被接受為…… be admitted (to/into) 被準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入…… admit sth./doing(having done) 承認(rèn)某事/做過(guò)某事 admit that 承認(rèn)…… admit sb./sth. to be/as 承認(rèn)……是 It is/was admitted that普遍認(rèn)為…… 練習(xí)：(1)Little Tom admitted in the examination, that he wouldn’t do that in future(從今往后). A. to cheat; to promises B. cheating; promised C. having cheated; promising D. to have cheated; promised (2)幸運(yùn)的是，去年他被一所名牌大學(xué)錄取了。 Luckily, he a key university last year. 3. replace vt. 代替；取代；替換 replace sb. as 取代某人而成為 replace sb./sth. with/by 用……替換，以……接替 聯(lián)想拓展： in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢? out of place在不適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢? in one’s place=in the place of代替 take the place of=replace代替；替代 take place發(fā)生；舉行 take one’s place就位，就座 instead of代替；而不是（介詞短語(yǔ)） 練習(xí)：Bob is ill today. Who can him in our football match? A. replace B. take place C. instead of D. in the place of 4. charge n. 費(fèi)用；指控，指責(zé)；主管；掌管 v. 指控；收費(fèi)；承擔(dān)責(zé)任；掌管 at no extra charge 無(wú)需額外付費(fèi) be charged with 被控告犯……罪 in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下 in charge of 控制，掌管 free of charge 免費(fèi) charge sb. money for (doing) sth. 為做某事向某人收取費(fèi)用 take charge 負(fù)責(zé)；控制局面 練習(xí)：He told me that the factory was his brother. A. in charge of B. in charge for C. in the charge of D. in the charge for 5. bargain n. 協(xié)議；廉價(jià)物 v.（與某人）討價(jià)還價(jià); 談判；講條件 make a bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 就某事與某人達(dá)成協(xié)議 bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 就某事與某人討價(jià)還價(jià) It’s a bargain. 成交 a good/bad bargain一筆劃算/不劃算的交易 6. promise vt. 允諾，答應(yīng)vi.有希望；承諾；答應(yīng) n. 諾言，承諾；跡象，征兆 promise sb. sth./promise sth. to sb. 答應(yīng)給某人某物 promise (sb.)to do sth. 答應(yīng)（某人）做某事 promise (sb.) that ... 答應(yīng)（某人）…… make/give a promise 許諾/答應(yīng) keep/carry out one’s promise 信守諾言 break/go back on one’s promise 違背諾言 promise to be 有希望成為… 聯(lián)想拓展： promising adj. 有希望的；有前途的 練習(xí)：The girl to be a good dancer if she is well trained in an art school. A. expects B. allows C. wishes D. promises 7. marry v. (和某人)結(jié)婚；嫁；娶；把……嫁給…… marry sb. 娶某人，嫁給某人（marry后不加介詞） marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁給某人 marry well 嫁得好 聯(lián)想拓展： marriage n. 結(jié)婚；婚姻 married adj. 已婚的 get/be married (to sb.) （與某人）結(jié)婚 練習(xí)：（改錯(cuò)） (1) She married to a poor writer. (2) They got married for ten years. 8.deserve vt.&vi.應(yīng)受(報(bào)答或懲罰); 值得 1) deserve to do sth. ：應(yīng)該做某事，值得做某事（主語(yǔ)和不定式的主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系）e.g. She has a gift for violin and works hard. She deserves to win the violin competition. 2) deserve doing sth. =deserve to be done值得…（主語(yǔ)和不定式的主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，動(dòng)名詞需用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)） e.g. The boy wrote words on the tree. He deserves punishing. (=He deserves to be punished.) 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)： 1. take part in 參加，參與 join 特指加入黨派、團(tuán)體等；join sb. in (doing) sth.指“和某人一起做某事”。 join in ????多指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)，如：球賽、游戲等。 take part in 常指參加大型比賽或活動(dòng)。 attend 側(cè)重參加或出席會(huì)議、學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)、音樂(lè)會(huì)、上課等等，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)成為其中的聽(tīng)眾或觀眾。 練習(xí)：①—How many countries the Olympic Games in Athens? —202. ②The famous professor will come to give us a lecture. Will you go to it? ③His brother the army three years ago. ④May I your game? 2. stand for (指縮寫或符號(hào))代表；象征；支持；主張 聯(lián)想拓展：stand by 袖手旁觀；無(wú)動(dòng)于衷 stand by sb. 支持；幫助；站在……一邊 stand out(from／as) 顯眼；突出 練習(xí)：①The letters UN United Nations. ②Don’t just . You can do something to help. ③The letters well against the dark background. 3.as well 意為“也，又，而且”，意思等同于too，also，但as well只能置于句末。 聯(lián)想拓展：as well as意為“不僅…而且…; 除了…之外，還有…；和…一樣好” as well as連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于as well as前面主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 may/might as well do sth. 意為“不妨…；還是…為好” e.g. We may/might as well ask him for some advice. 我們不妨向他征求一些建議。 練習(xí)：①Jack plays football , if not better than David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as ②E-mail, as well as telephones, an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 4.every four years 每四年 every與基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、other或few連用，表示時(shí)間或空間的間隔，意為“每……；每隔……”。 every+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 every+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞 every+ other+單數(shù)名詞 every few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 重點(diǎn)句型： 1. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我生活在你們所說(shuō)的“古希臘”，我曾經(jīng)寫過(guò)很久以前的奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的情況。 what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中做call的賓語(yǔ)，“Ancient Greece”作賓補(bǔ)。what相當(dāng)于the place that，因此what不能改為that，也不能改為where，因?yàn)閣here 只能作狀語(yǔ)。 used to do sth.過(guò)去經(jīng)常做某事 be used to do 被用來(lái)做…(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) be/get/become used to sth./doing =be/get/become accustomed to sth./doing 習(xí)慣于 練習(xí)： ①Water electricity widely all over the world. A. is used to produce B. is used to producing C. used to produce D. used to producing ②There many people in the office, but now nobody is allowed. （200912江蘇如東檢測(cè)） A. used to be; smoking B. used to have; smoking C. used to be; smoke D. used to have; smoke 2.It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimmimg, sailing and all the team sports. 解析：本句的主干是“It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races”，這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，基本句型是“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其它部分”（注意：如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人，that也可以換成who）； 3. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! 句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：nor/neither+系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。此句型是一個(gè)倒裝句，意為“……也不”，用于否定陳述句之后，說(shuō)明后者的情況與前者相同。 拓展：1)“so+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示肯定陳述句之后說(shuō)明后者情況與前者相同，某人也是這樣。 2)so it is with sb./It is the same with sb.結(jié)構(gòu)陳述兩種或兩種以上的情況，既可用于肯定，也可用于否定。 3)“so+主語(yǔ)+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”表示同意別人說(shuō)的話，意思是“確實(shí)如此”。 練習(xí)：①—I don’t think I can walk any farther! — . Let’s stop here for a rest. A. Neither am I B. Neither can I C. I don’t think so D. I think so ②—He has made great progress recently. — and . A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have 4. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and ... not only ...but (also) ... 意為“不僅……而且……”。當(dāng)此結(jié)構(gòu)連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要和鄰近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。若not only置于句首，其所在的分句需要采用部分倒裝。 e.g. He not only said it, but also did it. Not only does he work hard, but also he is very clever. Not only you but also he is responsible for it.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)不到裝) 練習(xí)：①Not only English，but also he learns it well. A. he likes B. does he like C. likes he D. he does like ②—I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. — . A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me. D. So do I 三、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：當(dāng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)，并且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需要使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示“…將要被…”，其常用表達(dá)形式有以下幾種： 1. shall/will be + done 2. be(am / is /are)going to be + done 3. be(am / is /are) to be + done 練習(xí)：1. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, the sports meet ____ in the playground of our school. A. is holding B. will hold C. will be held D. is to be holding 2. The flowers soon if you want to keep them alive. A. should water B. are watered C. water D. are to be watered 第 5 頁(yè) 共 5 頁(yè)