2018年中考英語真題分類匯編 題型2 完形真空 專項訓(xùn)練四 哲理故事（含解析）

時間：710分鐘/篇分值：1分/小題Cloze 1(2018濟(jì)寧)Once there was a king. He was wise but everyone was afraid of him. His face showed the sadness deep in his heart. So there were deep_1_ lines(皺紋)on his face.In his country lived a beautiful girl.Everyone seemed to love her, so did the king. He wanted to_2_ her，and finally he decided to speak to her of his love. After he dressed in his best clothes, he looked in the _3_， but he saw a hard face，_4_ when he tried to smile.“How about wearing a mask(面具)？” he thought. Then he ordered his magician to paint a mask that looked kind and happy and handsome. The magician_5_ and said：“But you must keep your own face in the same lines that I paint and be kind to all people from your heart. If not, the mask will break.” The mask looked so_6_ that no one knew it was not the true face of the king. Months passed, the beautiful lady got married to the king, and the king treated everyone_7_ to keep the mask from breaking.At last, the king didn't want to cheat his beautiful wife any more._8_ he asked the magician to take the mask off. Surprisingly, he found his face was just like the mask he had worn for so long!This story tells us that a man is what he is in his heart.()1. A. uglyB. kindC. beautifulD. peaceful()2. A. love B. hate C. kill D. marry()3. A. wall B. door C. mirror D. window()4. A. yet B. even C. just D. still()5. A. looked B. refused C. agreed D. laughed()6. A. sad B. happy C. natural D. serious()7. A. badly B. kindly C. coldly D. differently()8. A. So B. Or C. But D. HoweverCloze 2(2018攀枝花)Once there was a lovely vegetable field with a very big tree in it. Both the vegetables and the tree made the garden look wonderful.In fact, the vegetables and the tree couldn't get on well with _1_. The vegetables disliked the tree because they thought the tree didn't leave them enough _2_ by covering them with its thick leaves, while the tree thought that the vegetables drank nearly all the water before it could reach him.The situation became worse and worse. One day the vegetables decided to _3_ all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up. The tree fought back by refusing to offer the vegetables shade (樹蔭). Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun.Neither of them expected that the gardener would stop _4_ his vegetable field because he thought it was _5_ to save the vegetables. When the gardener did that, the tree and the vegetables really felt how _6_ they were. There seemed to be no way to solve the problem. Then a small pumpkin decided to do something to change the situation. The small pumpkin did all he could to grow _7_ there was little water and it was too hot.Finally, the gardener _8_ the growing pumpkin among the dying vegetables._9_， he started to water the field again because he still wanted to make a(n)_10_ to get the beautiful pumpkin. At the same time, the tree and the vegetables were saved. Since then, they realized that it was better to help each other than to fight, and they lived in harmony with other plants.()1. A. other plants B. the gardener C. each other D. the pumpkin()2. A. light B. water C. air D. wind()3. A. look up B. use up C. pick up D. put up()4. A. picking B. growing C. planting D. watering()5. A. hopeless B. important C. hopeful D. necessary()6. A. angry B. hungry C. thirsty D. comfortable()7. A. so B. though C. but D. and ()8. A. watched B. knew C. harvested D. noticed()9. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Also()10. A. decision B. idea C. effort D. chanceCloze 3(2018西寧)When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play.For weeks my mother helped me _1_ my sentences. But once during a performance, every word _2_ from my head. My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator (解說員). Though I didn't tell my mother what had _3_ that day, she felt my _4_ and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the yard.It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) coming out through the grass, just like a painter had touched our woods and fields with bits of gold. I watched my mother carelessly bend down (彎腰) _5_ some flowers. “I think I am going to dig up all the wild grass，” she said. “But I like dandelions, all flowers are beautifuleven dandelions！” I said. My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower shines in _6_ own way. And that is true of people, too，” she said. She had guessed my pain. I started to cry and told her the _7_. “You will be a beautiful narrator，” she said, _8_ me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her.Over the next few weeks, I learned to take _9_ in the role. The big day finally came. A few minutes before the play, my teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you，” she said, handing me a _10_. After the play, I took the flower home, laughing that I was perhaps the only person who would keep such wild grass.()1. A. write B. listen C. practice D. teach()2. A. disappeared B. spread C. forgot D. left()3. A. done B. happened C. gone D. made ()4. A. illness B. fearlessness C. kindness D. unhappiness()5. A. by B. for C. with D. at()6. A. it B. its C. it's D. it is()7. A. memory B. discovery C. truth D. accident()8. A. reminding B. thinking C. reminded D. thought()9. A. action B. turns C. risks D. pride()10. A. note B. dandelion C. sunflower D. dictionaryCloze 4(2018咸寧)Once upon a time there lived a wise king who wanted to marry off his favorite daughter. He_1_ how he could find the right person. Finally, the king had an _2_. He decided to hold a contest (比賽)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor. The king ordered that anyone _3_ wanted to marry the princess must report to the palace. To win his daughter, a man must fill up a whole room with a(an) _4_ thing very quickly.The first brave man arrived at the palace. He brought bags full of feathers. With great _5_， he started to fill the large room with feathers, but time ran out and he failed.The next day, _6_ young man tried to quickly fill the room, this time with beautiful silk. Time ran out again, and he left the palace _7_The contest went on day after day. _8_ contestants hoped to pass the test but no one _9_. The king began to lose heart. Wasn't anyone in the kingdom qualified(有資格的) to marry the beautiful princess?One day, a young man arrived at the palace empty­handed. The king wondered how this man planned to win the contest. Entering the room, the young man _10_ the lights. He reached into his pocket, got a small _11_ and lit it. In no time, the light filled the whole room.The king was very happy because he had found the perfect match for his lovely daughter.To get through a problem, sometimes we must _12_ the way we're thinking about it. We need to re­educate ourselves by looking at the problem in a different way.()1. A. surprised B. wondered C. hoped D. recognized()2. A. opinion B. impression C. idea D. opportunity()3. A. whom B. who C. which D. why()4. A. expensive B. cheap C. heavy D. light()5. A. confidence B. doubt C. shame D. sadness()6. A. the other B. another C. any other D. other()7. A. disappointed B. happilyC. excited D. freely()8. A. Hundred B. Hundred of C. Hundreds D. Hundreds of()9. A. success B. succeeded C. successful D. successfully()10. A. put off B. put up C. put out D. put down()11. A. candle B. ice C. stone D. gold()12. A. follow B. change C. turn D. make,小詞典)1. line n. 皺紋 2. mask n. 面具3. shade n樹蔭4. narrator n. 解說員 5. dandelion n蒲公英 6. bend down 彎腰 7. contest n比賽 8. qualified adj. 有資格的 專項訓(xùn)練四 哲理故事Cloze 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位聰明卻內(nèi)心悲傷的國王為了娶到一個美麗的姑娘，要求別人為他做一副面具。做面具的魔術(shù)師要求他戴上面具后也要善待別人。當(dāng)他摘下面具后，依然像戴著面具時一樣和藹可親。1. A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ugly丑陋的；kind善良的；beautiful美麗的；peaceful平靜的。根據(jù)空后語境可知他臉上有深深的皺紋，應(yīng)該是“丑陋的”，故選A。2. D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。love愛；hate討厭；kill殺死；marry娶，和結(jié)婚。根據(jù)后面“.speak to her of his love.”可知選D。3. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。wall墻；door門；mirror鏡子；window窗子。句意：他穿上最漂亮的衣服后，在里看自己。結(jié)合常識可知是在鏡子里看自己，故選C。 4. B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是他看見了一張痛苦的臉，當(dāng)他努力微笑時。yet仍然，還；even甚至；just僅僅，只；still仍然，還。結(jié)合語境可知此處表程度加深，故選B。 5. C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：魔術(shù)師并說道。looked看；refused拒絕；agreed同意；laughed大笑。結(jié)合下文可知這里表示同意，故選C。6. C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：面具看起來如此以至于沒有人知道那不是國王的本來面目。sad傷心的；happy高興的；natural自然的；serious嚴(yán)肅的。結(jié)合語境可知選C。7. B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：國王為了不讓自己的面具破裂，他對待所有人都很 。badly壞地；kindly和藹地；coldly冷淡地；differently不同地。結(jié)合語境知可選B。8. A【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，這個國王不想再欺騙他的妻子了。讓魔術(shù)師摘下他的面具。So因此，所以；Or或者，否則；But但是；However然而。前后句為因果關(guān)系，故選A。Cloze 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了在一塊蔬菜地里，蔬菜和一棵樹為了各自的利益互不相讓，結(jié)果兩敗俱傷。一個南瓜通過自己的舉動讓他們懂得了謙讓及和諧相處的重要性。1. C【解析】考查相互代詞each other的用法。根據(jù)下一句可知蔬菜和樹彼此相處不融洽。故選C。2. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蔬菜不喜歡樹，因為他們認(rèn)為樹沒有留給他們足夠的。light光；water水；air空氣；wind風(fēng)。由空后“.by covering them with its thick leaves.”可知樹厚厚的葉子遮住了光線，故選A。3. B【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一天，蔬菜決定地里所有的水讓樹枯死。look up往上看，查詢；use up用光，用盡；pick up 拾起，撿起；put up 貼上。由下文“.so that the tree would dry up.”可知蔬菜決定把所有的水都用光，讓樹枯死。故選B。4. D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們都不希望園丁停止 他的蔬菜地。picking采摘；growing生長；planting種植；watering澆水。由后半句“because he thought it was 5 to save the vegetables.”和最后一段中“.he started to water the field again.”他重新開始給那塊地澆水可知，園丁之前停止了給蔬菜地澆水。故選D。5. A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因為他認(rèn)為拯救蔬菜是。hopeless毫無希望的；important重要的；hopeful充滿希望的；necessary必要的。從前文 “Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun.”可以看出拯救他們是毫無希望了。故選A。6. C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)園丁停止?jié)菜螅瑯浜褪卟瞬耪娴母惺艿剿麄冇卸嗝?。angry生氣的；hungry饑餓的；thirsty口渴的；comfortable舒適的。由常識可知沒有被澆水，樹和蔬菜會感到口渴。故選C。7. B【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：天氣很熱又沒有水，小南瓜盡自己一切可能去生長。so因此；though雖然；but但是；and和。這里是表示讓步關(guān)系，故選B。8. D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，園丁在一群瀕臨死亡的蔬菜中長勢很好的小南瓜。watched注視；knew知道，懂得；harvested收獲；noticed注意到。由前文可知園丁本來都放棄了這片蔬菜地，然而拼命生長的小南瓜引起了園丁的注意。故選D。9. A【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：，他重新開始澆地。Therefore因此，表因果；However 然后，表轉(zhuǎn)折；Besides此外，表遞進(jìn)；Also也，表補(bǔ)充。由上文可知園丁發(fā)現(xiàn)南瓜長勢好，所以決定繼續(xù)給蔬菜地澆水。這是因果關(guān)系。故選A。10. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他仍想去收獲一個美麗的南瓜。decision決定；idea主意；effort努力；chance機(jī)會。make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事。故選C。Cloze 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講的是“我”在學(xué)校演戲劇的經(jīng)歷，起初飾演公主，后因忘詞而改為旁白，因此而悶悶不樂。通過蒲公英告訴我一個道理：即使再普通的東西也會造就偉大。在母親的鼓勵下，我將旁白這個角色做得很好。1. C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：母親用了好幾周幫助我我的臺詞。write寫；listen聽；practice練習(xí)；teach教。因為演戲劇是需要練習(xí)臺詞的。故選C。2. . A【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是一次在表演中，每一個詞從我的頭腦中。disappeared消失；spread傳播；forgot忘記；left離開。根據(jù)語境及下句“My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator(解說員)”可知老師給她換了角色，是因為她總忘詞，再結(jié)合句中“from”可知“disappeared”最符合語境。故選A。3. B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我沒有告訴我媽媽那天所的事情，她感覺到了我的并問我是否想到院子里走一走。done做；happened發(fā)生；gone去；made制作。根據(jù)語境可知，媽媽覺察到了發(fā)生了什么。故選B。4. D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。illness疾病；fearlessness無畏，勇敢；kindness善良；unhappiness不高興。根據(jù)語境及句意可知“我”因角色變化而表現(xiàn)出的不高興，媽媽都看在了眼里。故選D。5. A【解析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到我媽媽不經(jīng)意地彎下腰一些花。by通過，在旁邊；for對于；with用；at在某個時間或時刻。根據(jù)句意可知是媽媽在一些花旁邊彎下腰。故選A。6. B【解析】考查代詞的用法。句意：是的，每一朵花以自己的方式綻放著。it它；its它的，是形容詞性/名詞性物主代詞；it's它是(it is或is has的縮寫形式)；it is它是。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處缺少可修飾名詞的形容詞性物主代詞。故選B。7. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始哭并告訴她。memory記憶；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；truth真相；accident事故。根據(jù)句意及語境可知“我”把真相告訴了媽媽，說出了自己不高興的事情。故選C。8. A【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析及非謂語動詞。句意：我是多么愛給她大聲地朗讀故事。reminding提醒；thinking認(rèn)為；reminded提醒；thought認(rèn)為。分析句子成分可知此處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，再結(jié)合句意可知答案。故選A。9. D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾個星期里，我學(xué)會了以這個角色為。action行動；turns輪流；risks冒險；pride驕傲。take pride in是固定短語，“以為驕傲”。再結(jié)合語境(媽媽對她一直的鼓勵，如上文中的句子“You will be a beautiful narrator.”)可知答案。故選D。10. B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她說著并遞給我一。note便條；dandelion蒲公英；sunflower向日葵；dictionary字典。根據(jù)語境及文中下句“After the play, I took the flower home.”可知媽媽送來的應(yīng)是蒲公英。故選B。Cloze 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。介紹了一位國王為他的女兒選駙馬的故事。文章告訴我們，有時候我們改變一下思維方式，就會成功。1. B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他 怎樣才能找到合適的人。surprised使驚訝；wondered想知道；hoped希望；recognized認(rèn)出。根據(jù)后半句“怎樣才能找到合適的人”可知他是想知道，故選B。2. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，這個國王有一個。opinion觀點；impression印象；idea想法；opportunity機(jī)會。根據(jù)后句“He decided to hold a contest(比賽)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor.”可知他有了一個想法，故選C。3. B【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：國王下令想娶公主的人都必須到宮殿來報告。whom誰(作賓語)；who誰(作主語或賓語)；which哪一個(作主語或賓語)；why為什么(作狀語)。根據(jù)空前的“anyone”可知指人，且作從句的主語，故選B。4. D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了娶到他女兒，一位男士必須快速用一個 東西來填滿整個房間。expensive昂貴的；cheap便宜的；heavy重的；light輕的。根據(jù)第二段第二句“He brought bags full of feathers.”以及后文中有人用絲綢或者蠟燭“填充”房間，可知選D。5. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著很大的，他開始用羽毛填滿這個大房間。confidence 信心；doubt疑問；shame遺憾；sadness難過。根據(jù)語境可知剛開始他信心十足，故選A。6. B【解析】考查代詞詞義辨析。the other另一個(兩者中)；another另一個(三者或三者以上)；any other任何一個；other另外的。根據(jù)句意可知有好多人來參加，故應(yīng)用another，表示不定數(shù)目中的另一個，故選B。7. A【解析】考查形容詞和副詞混合辨析。句意：時間又一次用完了，他 離開宮殿。disappointed失望的；happily高興地；excited興奮的；freely自由地。時間用完了，這個男人也失敗了，因此離開時應(yīng)該是失望的，故選A。8. D【解析】考查概數(shù)詞的用法。句意：比賽者希望通過這次測試。Hundredsof表示“成百上千的”，表示概數(shù)，若表示確定的數(shù)，前必須有確定的數(shù)目，且用hundred的單數(shù)形式，故選D。9. B【解析】考查同根詞詞義辨析。句意：成百上千的比賽者希望通過這次測試，但是沒有一個人。success成功(名詞)；succeeded成功(動詞過去式)；successful成功的(形容詞)；successfully 成功地(副詞)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空為該句謂語動詞，故選B。10. C【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這個年輕人進(jìn)入房間時 燈。put off推遲；put up張貼；put out熄滅，伸出；put down放下。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“In no time, the light filled the whole room.”可知這個年輕人首先關(guān)掉了房間里的燈。故選C。11. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從他的口袋里，拿出一根小并點著了它。candle蠟燭；ice冰；stone石頭；gold金子。根據(jù)后半句“and lit it”可知應(yīng)是蠟燭，故選A。12. B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了解決問題，有時我們必須我們的思考方式。follow跟隨；change改變；turn轉(zhuǎn)變；make制造。根據(jù)空后一句“We need to re­educate ourselves by looking at the problem in a different way.”可知此處表達(dá)有時候我們必須改變我們的思維方式。故選B。8