2018年中考英語真題分類匯編 題型2 完形真空 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練六 咨詢建議（含解析）

時(shí)間：710分鐘/篇分值：1分/小題Cloze 1(2018衡陽)What's the best way to lose weight(重量)? You can make it fun by _1_ outdoor activities. You'll be amazed at the number of calories(卡路里) you'll _2_ in a short time. Here's some advice to help you to lose weight.Hike(徒步旅行) to Lose WeightHiking is an excellent _3_ of exercise for burning calories and increasing your heart system. What's more, if you hike on hills, it _4_ to build and strengthen (增強(qiáng)) leg muscles(肌肉)Kayaking(劃獨(dú)木舟) to Lose WeightIf you love the _5_， then you may go kayaking! Generally, a woman can lose half a pound from an afternoon of white­water kayaking. A man can lose even _6_， around 2，200 calories. This sport builds strength in your _7_ and upper body muscles. It's _8_ a great way to make you slimmer.Ski to Lose WeightSkiing is one great sport to lose weight because _9_ can use all of your major muscle groupsfrom your chest to shoulders. It can improve your balance by exercising your main muscles _10_ you can't fall down. So, it's no surprise that you can burn a large 3，000 calories if you're a man and a little less for a woman, after 6 hours of skiing.()1. A. staying away from B. doing well in C. taking part in()2. A. waste B. store C. burn()3. A. way B. grade C. diet()4. A. decides B. helps C. plans()5. A. soil B. water C. sand()6. A. worse B. better C. more()7. A. arms B. legs C. heads()8. A. too B. never C. also()9. A. he B. you C. she()10. A. so that B. in order to C. so as toCloze 2(2018襄陽)Letting kids learn more about science at an early age is easier than you think. It is happening all around us, and you can _1_ everyday things to encourage your children's interest.Most parents believe it is difficult to help their children with science. But you don't need a high scientific _2_ to teach your children science. All you need is that you're willing to try, to see the world, and to _3_ the time to encourage their natural curiosity(好奇)You can help by having an active attitude(態(tài)度) towards science yourself. Then start _4_ by asking your children questions about the things you see every day. And then listen to their answers without judging(評判) them, which will _5_ their confidence(自信), and help you decide just what your children know or do not know.Different kids have different interest, _6_ they need different kinds of science projects. Collecting rocks may interest your young daughter, but your older son may need something more to deal with it. Knowing your children is the best way to _7_ enjoyable learning activities. Here are some more pieces of advice：Choose activities that are the right _8_ of difficulty. If you are not sure, pick something easier.Read the suggested ages on any projects, books, and then make sure that the activity is _9_ for your child.Let your child choose the project or activity himself. It's easy enough to ask rather than force him. Suggest choosing 2 or 3 things your child can do. When a child picks something he is _10_ in, he will enjoy it and learn more from it.()1. A. buyB. makeC. inventD. use()2. A. degree B. place C. brain D. result()3. A. follow B. solve C. take D. raise()4. A. seriously B. simply C. cheaply D. completely()5. A. lose B. create C. improve D. believe()6. A. so B. if C. though D. but()7. A. delete B. find C. cancel D. print()8. A. answer B. way C. point D. level()9. A. proper B. famous C. cheap D. deep()10. A. proud B. interested C. known D. goodCloze 3(2018哈爾濱)Be pleased to do anything even though it is very tiny. In fact, there's no single thing that is not worth doing or you are not able to do.So living a happy life with a light heart is the most important. A good mood decides your quality of life. Then _1_ can you live a happy life?Make each day meaningful(有意義的) by helping someone or just making someone smile. The feeling which makes you want to help others _2_ at the bottom of your heart. Happiness depends on your feelings in your heart. Helping others is helping yourself. By helping others, you_3_ more. Seeing their satisfied smile will make you feel _4_ of what you have done.Face difficulties bravely in your life._5_ may meet with difficulties. No one can avoid them. The difficulties can teach you a lot. They are your treasure.They will help you to be colser to _6_Focus on the good experiences you _7_ in the past few years. Be grateful to life. Don't think too much about the negative things.They _8_ bad weather.Bad weather will pass sooner or later, so will the negative things.You may find many dead ends in your life, but you will _9_ find your way out of them. Everything will get better at last.Never worry about the things you can't change.Worrying isn't useful.Worrying can_10_ change the situation _10_ solve any problem. Perhaps, not every dream will be realized; not every effort(努力) will be completed.Never mind, and take it easy.Come on, everybody! Let's live a happy life with a light heart and enjoy the beautiful sunshine every day.()1. A. what B. how C. why()2. A. stay B. staying C. stays()3. A. are giving B. will give C. will be given()4. A. proud B. afraid C. tired()5. A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody()6. A. failure B. success C. trouble()7. A. have had B. have C. has()8. A. are different from B. are fond of C. are similar to()9. A. always B. seldom C. never()10. A. not only; but also B. neither; nor C. either; orCloze 4(2018呼和浩特)Students are always asked to do much homework. Have you read the following passage?You'd better not work when you are very hungry. If you _1_ your homework right after school, you may have a snack before getting to work. Always do your homework _2_ you get tired._3_ wait until very late in the evening, or the homework will seem much _4_ than it really is.Break your time into manageable(易處理的) period. If you have more than_5_， give yourself a break after an hour. On the other hand, don't break it up _6_ that you can't get anything done. You should be able to work at least half an hour at a time _7_. Don't put it off until the last _8_. If you put off doing your homework, you will always think of it, and you won't enjoy your _9_ so much. If you put it off until the end of the week or until right before a test, you will have too much work to do for the exam.A little bit each night, enough to keep up with what is happening each day in school, will take the fear out of tests and keep you on top of it all. Do your homework _10_ every day. This will help you make it a habit. It will make it easier to do, and it will make free time more enjoyable as well.()1. A. decide to do B. decided doingC. have done D. did()2. A. after B. when C. because D. before()3. A. Not B. Please C. Don't D. Always()4. A. harder B. hard C. easy D. easier()5. A. one hour work B. an hour workC. a work of an hour D. an hour's work()6. A. so much B. so little C. so often D. so well()7. A. with a stop B. without stoppingC. stopping D. stop()8. A. week B. hour C. minute D. day()9. A. lunch B. free time C. meals D. snack()10. A. at a time B. in a short timeC. once D. at the same time專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練六 咨詢建議Cloze 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要就如何減肥提出了三條建議，包括徒步旅行、劃獨(dú)木舟和滑雪，同時(shí)詳細(xì)介紹了這三種運(yùn)動(dòng)對身體保健的好處。1. C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：你可以通過戶外活動(dòng)來讓它變得有趣。staying away from遠(yuǎn)離；doing well in在做得不錯(cuò)；taking part in參加。根據(jù)空后“outdoor activities”可知此處指參加戶外活動(dòng)。故選C。2. C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會(huì)驚訝于你在短時(shí)間內(nèi)的卡路里(熱量)。waste浪費(fèi)；store儲(chǔ)存；burn燃燒。根據(jù)下文描述可知此處指參加戶外活動(dòng)對于減肥的效果，故此處指燃燒掉的卡路里。故選C。3. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：徒步旅行是燃燒掉卡路里和增強(qiáng)你的心臟系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)極好的鍛煉。way道路，方法；grade年級，成績；diet節(jié)食，規(guī)定飲食。分析語境可知此處指徒步旅行是一個(gè)極好的鍛煉方法。故選A。4. B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，如果你在山上徒步旅行，它形成并增強(qiáng)腿部肌肉。decides決定；helps幫助，有助于；plans計(jì)劃。根據(jù)前半句可知此處指在山上徒步旅行有助于形成并增強(qiáng)腿部肌肉。故選B。5. B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你喜愛，那么你可以去劃獨(dú)木舟！soil土壤；water水；sand沙子。根據(jù)后半句“then you may go kayaking”可知此處指如果你喜愛水。故選B。6. C【解析】考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意：一位男士甚至可以減去，大約兩千二百卡路里。worse更差的；better更好的；more更多的。對比前一句可知此處指男士可以減去甚至更多的卡路里。故選C。7. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)增強(qiáng)你的和上半身的肌肉的力量。arms手臂；legs腿；heads頭。結(jié)合常識可知?jiǎng)澊饕歉觳驳牧α?。故選A。8. C【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它是一個(gè)讓你更苗條的好方法。too也，一般用于句末；never從不；also也，一般用于句中。根據(jù)語境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知also符合。故選C。9. B【解析】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：滑雪是一項(xiàng)減肥的很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)槟芾媚闼械闹饕∪馊簭哪愕男夭康郊绮?。he他；you你，你們；she她。根據(jù)本句中“your major muscle groups”以及“from your chest to shoulders”可知此處指的是你能利用你所有的主要肌肉群。故選B。10. A【解析】考查連詞短語的用法。句意：通過鍛煉你主要的肌肉，它能改善你的平衡性你不會(huì)摔倒。so that以至于；in order to為了，目的是；so as to以便于。so that和so as to都表示結(jié)果，區(qū)別是前者后面接從句，后者接動(dòng)詞原形；而in order to表目的，后接動(dòng)詞原形。所設(shè)空后“you can't fall down”是句子，故選A。Cloze 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何培養(yǎng)孩子對科學(xué)的興趣。1. D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它就發(fā)生在我們四周，并且你能日常事情來激發(fā)你孩子的興趣。buy買；make制作，使得；invent發(fā)明；use使用。分析語境可知此處指利用一切事物來激發(fā)孩子的興趣。故選D。2. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是你不需要很高的科學(xué)來教你的孩子科學(xué)。degree等級，程度；place地方；brain大腦，頭腦；result結(jié)果，成績。聯(lián)系下文描述可知此處指你需要的科學(xué)水平不用很高，故選A。3. C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你所需要的就是你愿意嘗試，愿意看看這世界，并且愿意時(shí)間來激勵(lì)他們本能的好奇心。follow跟隨；solve解決；take拿，取，花費(fèi)；raise舉起，養(yǎng)育。聯(lián)系空后“the time”可知此處指花時(shí)間來鼓勵(lì)他們的本能的好奇心。take the time to do sth.花時(shí)間去做某事。故選C。4. B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后通過每天問你的孩子關(guān)于他每天看到的事物的問題來開始。seriously嚴(yán)肅地；simply簡單地；cheaply便宜地；completely完全地。聯(lián)系后半句可知這種做法很簡單，故選B。5. C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后聽聽他們的答案，而不去評判，這會(huì)他們的自信，并且有助于你決定你的孩子知道什么或者不知道什么。lose失去；create創(chuàng)造；improve提升，改善；believe相信。聯(lián)系空后“their confidence”可知此處指提升他們的自信。故選C。6. A【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：不同的孩子有不同的興趣，他們需要不同種類的科學(xué)項(xiàng)目。so因此；if是否，如果；though雖然，盡管；but但是。聯(lián)系上下文可知前后為因果關(guān)系，故選A。7. B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：了解你的孩子是令人愉快的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的最佳方法。delete刪除；find找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；cancel取消；print打印。分析語境可知此處指發(fā)現(xiàn)令人愉快的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)。故選B。8. D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：選擇困難適中的活動(dòng)。answer答案；way道路，方法；point觀點(diǎn)；level水平，級別。分析語境可知此處指選擇難度適中的活動(dòng)。level of difficulty難度。故選D。9. A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：讀一讀任何項(xiàng)目、書籍上建議的年齡，然后確保這個(gè)活動(dòng)對于你的孩子來說是。proper恰當(dāng)?shù)模籪amous著名的；cheap便宜的；deep深的。聯(lián)系前半句可知此處指適合于孩子的活動(dòng)。故選A。10. B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)孩子撿起他東西時(shí)，他會(huì)喜歡它，并從中學(xué)到更多。proud驕傲的；interested感興趣的；known知道的；good好的。分析語境可知此處為be interested in“對感興趣”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。Cloze 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了快樂生活的四種方法，分別是：幫助別人勇敢面對生活中的困難；致感恩生活；不擔(dān)心你不能改變的事情。1. B【解析】考查疑問詞詞義辨析。what什么；how如何；why為什么。由句意“然后你會(huì)快樂地生活”可知是問方式。故選B。2. C【解析】考查主謂一致。stay動(dòng)詞原形；staying動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；stays單三形式。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前部分為該句主語，且包含which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，空處為謂語動(dòng)詞，排除B項(xiàng)；主語“The feeling”為單數(shù)，故選C。3. C【解析】考查一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。由句意“通過幫助別人，你更多”可知是得到更多，也就是被給予的更多。故選C。4. A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。proud自豪的，驕傲的；afraid害怕的；tired累的。由句意“看到他們滿意的笑臉將讓你感到你所做的事情”，結(jié)合上文“幫助別人”可知是自豪的。故選A。5. C【解析】考查代詞詞義辨析。Somebody某人；Nobody沒人；Everybody每個(gè)人。由后一句“沒有人能避免困難”可知每個(gè)人都會(huì)遇到困難。故選C。6. B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。failure失??；success成功；trouble麻煩。由前一句“困難是你的財(cái)富”可知可以幫你離成功更近。故選B。7. A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。A項(xiàng)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；B項(xiàng)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；C項(xiàng)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第三人稱單數(shù)。由“in the past few years”在過去幾年可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選A。8. C【解析】考查形容詞短語辨析。are different from與不同；are fond of喜歡；are similar to與相似。由句意“它們壞天氣”，以及后一句“壞天氣早晚會(huì)過去，消失的事情也是這樣”可知與天氣相似。故選C。9. A【解析】考查頻度副詞詞義辨析。always總是；seldom很少；never從不。由句意“但是你將找到離開他們的方式”，結(jié)合后一句“一切最終將變得更好”可知是總是。故選A。10. B【解析】考查連詞短語辨析。由句意“擔(dān)心改變情況解決問題”，結(jié)合前一句“擔(dān)心沒有用”，可知此處表示“既不也不”。故選B。Cloze 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要就“學(xué)生做作業(yè)”提出了三點(diǎn)建議。1. A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞搭配及時(shí)態(tài)。句意：如果你你的作業(yè)就在放學(xué)后，你可以在開始學(xué)習(xí)前吃一點(diǎn)零食。本文的主要時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，再結(jié)合句意應(yīng)是“決定做某事”，即：decide to do sth.。故選A。2. D【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：總是做你的作業(yè)你會(huì)累。after在之后；when當(dāng)時(shí)候；because因?yàn)?；before在之前。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是在累之前。故選D。3. C【解析】考查祈使句的用法。句意：等直到晚上很晚，或作業(yè)比實(shí)際看起來更的時(shí)候。Not不，副詞；Please請，嘆詞、動(dòng)詞；Don't不，助動(dòng)詞的否定式；Always一直，總是，副詞。根據(jù)句意是否定祈使句，故選C。4. A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析及比較級用法。句意：等直到晚上很晚，或作業(yè)比實(shí)際看起來更的時(shí)候。harder較難的，形容詞比較級；hard難的，形容詞原級；easy容易的，形容詞原級；easier較容易的，形容詞比較級。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是表達(dá)比實(shí)際情況更難的，故選A。5. D【解析】考查名詞所有格。句意：如果你有超過，一個(gè)小時(shí)后讓自己休息一下。根據(jù)題干及備選項(xiàng)可知“一小時(shí)的工作”應(yīng)表示為an/one hour's work，故選D。6. C【解析】考查“so形容詞/副詞”的用法。句意：另一方面，不要分得你不能做任何事情。so much這么多；so little這么少；so often這么經(jīng)常；so well這么好。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是“這么經(jīng)常”，故選C。7. B【解析】考查“介詞動(dòng)名詞”的用法。句意：你應(yīng)該能一次至少工作半個(gè)小時(shí)。with a stop停止，介詞短語；without stopping不停地，介詞短語；stopping停止，現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞；stop停止，動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是“不停地”，故選B。8. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不要推遲到最后。week周；hour小時(shí)；minute分鐘；day一天。根據(jù)題意可知是表達(dá)“最后一刻”之意，因此minute最符合句意。故選C。9. B【解析】考查名詞(詞組)詞義辨析。句意：如果你推遲做你的作業(yè)，你就會(huì)總想著它，并且你就不會(huì)很好地享受你的。lunch午飯； free time自由時(shí)間；meals飯，餐；snack零食。根據(jù)語境及句意可知應(yīng)是“享受自己的業(yè)余時(shí)間”，故選B。10. D【解析】考查介詞短語和副詞混合辨析。句意：每天做你的作業(yè)。at a time一次，每次，在某時(shí)；in a short time在短時(shí)間內(nèi)；once一次，曾經(jīng)；at the same time同時(shí)，然而。根據(jù)上下文語境可知是表達(dá)“同時(shí)”之意，故選D。6