重慶市北大附中重慶實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高三英語《語法 代詞》課件

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1、一一.概念概念: 代詞是代替名詞的詞, 按其意義、特征及其在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。 1.人稱代詞人稱代詞2)人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語，賓格作賓語。如： I like table tennis. （作主語） Do you know him?（作賓語） 3)人稱代詞還可作表語。作表語時(shí)用賓格。如： -Whos is knocking at the door? -Its me. 4)人稱代詞在than之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用主格和賓格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is

2、older than I am. 2. 物主代詞物主代詞1)表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性 物主代詞，如下表所示。 Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box.3)名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主語） - Is this English-book yours? （作表語） - No. Mine is in my bag. Ive already finished my home

3、work. Have you finished yours? （作賓語） 4. 反身代詞反身代詞 英語中用來表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我們自己，你們自己 1)作賓語，表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，主語和賓語指同一個(gè)人 或一些人。 He called himself a writer Would you please express yourself in English? 2)作表語。 It doesnt matterIll be myself soon The girl in the news is myself 3)作主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。 I myself washe

4、d the clothes（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主語同位語） You should ask the teacher himself（作賓語同位語）ANY和和SOME也可以作代詞用，表示也可以作代詞用，表示“一些一些”。ANY多用于疑多用于疑問句或否定句中，問句或否定句中，SOME多用于肯定句中。多用于肯定句中。 HOW MANY PEOPLE CAN YOU SEE IN THE PICTURE? I CANT SEE ANY. IF YOU HAVE NO MONEY, ILL LEND YOU SOME 注意：注意：與與SOME, ANY結(jié)合的詞

5、如結(jié)合的詞如SOMETHING, SOMEBODY, SOMEONE, ANYTHING, ANYONE, ANYBODY在肯定句、否在肯定句、否定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和SOME, ANY的用法相同。的用法相同。 2) few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別在用法上的區(qū)別 用作形容詞：用作形容詞： 用于可數(shù)名詞用于可數(shù)名詞 a few雖少，但有幾個(gè)雖少，但有幾個(gè)few不多，幾不多，幾乎沒有乎沒有 用于不可數(shù)名詞用于不可數(shù)名詞a little，雖少，但有一點(diǎn)，雖少，但有一點(diǎn)little不多，不多，沒有什么沒有什么3)

6、OTHER, THE OTHER, ANOTHER, OTHERS, THE OTHERS的區(qū)別。 不定 another另一個(gè)others別人，其他人another (boy)另一個(gè)（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩 特定the other另一個(gè)the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一個(gè)男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩OTHER可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。anotheranother可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個(gè)另一個(gè)”，還可以跟代詞還可以跟代詞one.on

7、e. You can see another ship in the sea, cant you? You can see another ship in the sea, cant you? anotheranother也可以作代詞用，表示也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個(gè)另一個(gè)”。 Im still hungry. Please give me another.Im still hungry. Please give me another.4)EVERY與EACH的區(qū)別。Each every1)可單獨(dú)使用 1)不可單獨(dú)使用2)可做代名詞、形容詞 2)僅作形容詞3)著重“個(gè)別” 3)著重“全體”，

8、毫無例外4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一個(gè)人或物 The teacher gave a toy to each child. Each ball has a different colour. 當(dāng)我們說當(dāng)我們說each child, each student或或each teacher時(shí)，我們想時(shí)，我們想到的是一個(gè)人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說到的是一個(gè)人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說every child和和every student時(shí)，時(shí)，我們想到的是全體的情況，我們想到的是全體的情況，every的意思與的意思與all接近，表示他們都如接近，表示他們都如此。此。Every chi

9、ld likes playing. = All children like playing. Lucy and Lily both agree with us. They both passed on their sticks at the same time. How are your parents? Theyre both fine. b.與與“of +代詞（或名詞）代詞（或名詞）”連用，表示連用，表示“兩者都兩者都”。 Both of them came to see Mary. Both of the books are very interesting. c.單獨(dú)使用，表示單獨(dú)使用

10、，表示“兩者（都）兩者（都）”。 Michael has two sons. Both are clever. I dont know which book is the better, I shall read both. both用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都兩者都”。 Both his y ounger ounger sisters are our classmates. sisters are our classmates. . There are tall trees on both sides of the street

11、. . There are tall trees on both sides of the street.6. 相互代詞相互代詞7. 疑問代詞疑問代詞疑問代詞有疑問代詞有WHO，WHOM，WHOSE，WHAT和和WHICH等。疑問代詞用于特殊疑等。疑問代詞用于特殊疑問句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一句子成分。問句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一句子成分。例如：例如：WHO IS GOING TO COME HERE TOMORROW? （作（作主語）主語）WHAT IS THAT? (作表語作表語)WHOSE UMBRELLA IS THIS? (作定語作定語)WHOM ARE

12、YOU WAITING FOR? (作賓語作賓語) 1. Tom, Please pass _ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers. A. you B. me C. him D. her 2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 13. -Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang? -Yes. I have two sons. But _ of

13、 them lives with me. They are now studying in America? A. neither B. both C. none D. either 14. -Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe? -No. _ of them can use a computer. A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All 15. Who taught _ English last term? Was _ Mr. Smith? A. you; it B.

14、 you; he C. your; it D. your; that 16. -That woman has a bag in her right hand. Whats in her _ hand? A. another B. other C. one D. the other17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of_. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 18. -Is there a bus to the zoo? -Im afraid theres _ bus to the zoo. A. no B. any C. some D. none 19. You forgot your dictionary? You may have _. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself 20. This is _ classroom. Where is _? our; them B. us; they C. our; theirs D. ours; theirs