中考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 中考題型探究 第41講 詞匯運(yùn)用課件

英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)第41講詞匯運(yùn)用A. 用方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞或短語(yǔ)僅用一次。normal，customer，in ones opinion，increase，during1 we should know more about the history.2The journey to the lake takes about two hours.3My cousin visited his old friend his stay in London.4Chinas population of wild pandas has by around 17%in the last ten years.5On weekends ，the supermarket is usually full of In my opinionnormallyduringincreasedcustomersB. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空填一詞。在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空填一詞。Alison Lapper, an unusual painter, paints pictures for a living. She doesnt use her 6. (手手) when she paints. She uses her mouth!Alison was born 7. (沒有沒有)arms. Her physical problem caused her to spend the first 8. (十七十七) years of her life in a hospital. But this didnt stop her from making her dreams in life come true. She realized that even though she was disabled, she could 9. (表達(dá)表達(dá)) herself as freely as normal people. This was what got her to start drawing paintings.handswithoutseventeenexpressAlthough Alison lives 10. (十分) a different life from others, she never loses her heart. She 11. (相信)that she can succeed as others. With great efforts, her painting skills have reached a high 12. (水平) and her paintings do not look like they were drawn by 13. (某人) who used her mouth. Alison has become a symbol of 14. (勇氣). Many disabled people have been cheered up by her 15. (積極的) way of living and become more confident.quitebelieveslevelsomeonecourageactive詞匯運(yùn)用試題的目的主要是考查學(xué)生對(duì)單詞的拼寫能力，詞形變化，詞組辨析及語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力等。測(cè)試內(nèi)容分A、B兩部分。A部分通常以句子，短對(duì)話形式出現(xiàn)；B部分通常以短文或長(zhǎng)對(duì)話形式出現(xiàn)。測(cè)試內(nèi)容以實(shí)詞為主，虛詞較少。解答詞匯運(yùn)用題應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1平時(shí)注意積累并熟記單詞，提高單詞的拼寫及運(yùn)用能力。尤其是“黑體”單詞。2要分析應(yīng)填詞充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑_判斷應(yīng)填詞的詞性。3在填詞過程中，要注意詞形的變化。既要符合本句的含義，又要保證句式結(jié)構(gòu)的正確。【口訣】空前空后要注意，“名詞”單復(fù)數(shù)要牢記，還有“s”不能棄，“動(dòng)詞”注意要變形，“形副”注意要用三種級(jí)，要填“數(shù)詞”請(qǐng)留意，千萬別忘“基”和“序”，填入“代詞”需慎重，五格變化要謹(jǐn)記。4完成填詞后，應(yīng)通讀全文，復(fù)核校對(duì)。檢查單詞拼寫是否正確，是否有時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、慣用法及詞語(yǔ)選用上的錯(cuò)誤，以確保答案的正確性。最后把答案填入答卷時(shí)，切勿錯(cuò)位。5要正確、工整地拼寫出單詞。不要因?yàn)闀鴮憰r(shí)字跡潦草或不規(guī)范而丟分。詞匯運(yùn)用有下面五種類型：根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示拼寫單詞1做此類題目首先要正確寫出所給漢語(yǔ)提示所對(duì)應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)詞匯。2若有兩個(gè)及兩個(gè)以上的詞匯符合所給的漢語(yǔ)意思，則要根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境及固定搭配形式進(jìn)行取舍。3然后從語(yǔ)法角度確定英語(yǔ)詞匯的適當(dāng)形式。例如：若填寫的是名詞，就要注意用名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)；若填寫的是形容詞、副詞，就要注意是否需要用比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形式；如果是動(dòng)詞，就要注意它們時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等。 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空解答此類題目解答此類題目，應(yīng)重點(diǎn)從語(yǔ)法角度考慮：應(yīng)重點(diǎn)從語(yǔ)法角度考慮：1名詞：一般應(yīng)考慮名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式和所有格形式。名詞：一般應(yīng)考慮名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式和所有格形式。2形容詞或副詞：這兩類詞學(xué)生極易混淆形容詞或副詞：這兩類詞學(xué)生極易混淆，做題時(shí)應(yīng)仔細(xì)分析做題時(shí)應(yīng)仔細(xì)分析，慎重選擇究竟慎重選擇究竟用哪類詞用哪類詞，有時(shí)還要考慮到形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的變化。有時(shí)還要考慮到形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的變化。3動(dòng)詞：首先應(yīng)考慮動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞：首先應(yīng)考慮動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))和時(shí)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)(初中階段常見的初中階段常見的八種時(shí)態(tài)八種時(shí)態(tài))。動(dòng)詞的變化形式較為復(fù)雜。動(dòng)詞的變化形式較為復(fù)雜，一般有五種一般有五種，即動(dòng)詞的原形、第三人稱單即動(dòng)詞的原形、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和過去分詞。數(shù)形式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和過去分詞。4數(shù)詞：根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境確定用基數(shù)詞還是序數(shù)詞數(shù)詞：根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境確定用基數(shù)詞還是序數(shù)詞，特別要注意某些序數(shù)詞的正特別要注意某些序數(shù)詞的正確拼寫。確拼寫。5代詞：主要從人稱代詞代詞：主要從人稱代詞(主格和賓格主格和賓格)、物主代詞、物主代詞(名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞物主代詞)和反身代詞和反身代詞(與動(dòng)作發(fā)出者保持人稱的一致性與動(dòng)作發(fā)出者保持人稱的一致性)等幾個(gè)方面考慮等幾個(gè)方面考慮，有時(shí)還有時(shí)還要考慮用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。要考慮用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。 用方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空用方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1認(rèn)真查看所給的單詞認(rèn)真查看所給的單詞，弄清楚每個(gè)單詞的意思及詞性。如動(dòng)詞一般作謂語(yǔ)弄清楚每個(gè)單詞的意思及詞性。如動(dòng)詞一般作謂語(yǔ)，形形容詞常作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)容詞常作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，副詞作狀語(yǔ)等。副詞作狀語(yǔ)等。2認(rèn)真閱讀所給的句子認(rèn)真閱讀所給的句子，弄清楚句子的結(jié)構(gòu)及句子大意弄清楚句子的結(jié)構(gòu)及句子大意，特別是空格前后單詞的特別是空格前后單詞的詞性詞性，這很關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)榭崭袂昂蟮膯卧~往往是選擇所要填入空格的單詞或短語(yǔ)的重這很關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)榭崭袂昂蟮膯卧~往往是選擇所要填入空格的單詞或短語(yǔ)的重要依據(jù)。要依據(jù)。3根據(jù)句意根據(jù)句意，確定空缺選項(xiàng)中作何成分確定空缺選項(xiàng)中作何成分，然后從方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)中篩選最然后從方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)中篩選最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格內(nèi)，最后再?gòu)恼Z(yǔ)法角度確定選項(xiàng)的適當(dāng)形式。最后再?gòu)恼Z(yǔ)法角度確定選項(xiàng)的適當(dāng)形式。4認(rèn)真研讀完成后的句子認(rèn)真研讀完成后的句子，看句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理看句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理，句意是否完整并符合邏輯句意是否完整并符合邏輯，以以確保萬無一失。確保萬無一失。 短文填詞型短文填詞型1從文章整體出發(fā)從文章整體出發(fā)要填的單詞只有在具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中才能確定要填的單詞只有在具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中才能確定，因此首先要掌握文章大意因此首先要掌握文章大意，才才能正確理解空缺詞在句子中的意義能正確理解空缺詞在句子中的意義，從而做出合理的選擇。從而做出合理的選擇。2從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)考慮從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)考慮一般的空缺詞都可以通過其所在句子的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來判斷出其詞性一般的空缺詞都可以通過其所在句子的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來判斷出其詞性，這樣可以縮小空缺詞的選擇范圍這樣可以縮小空缺詞的選擇范圍，提高選詞的準(zhǔn)確率。提高選詞的準(zhǔn)確率。3從文章的前后關(guān)系確定詞的形式從文章的前后關(guān)系確定詞的形式確定了空缺處單詞的詞性后確定了空缺處單詞的詞性后，還要借助上、下文確定出它的適當(dāng)形式。例如：還要借助上、下文確定出它的適當(dāng)形式。例如：若空缺處需要填寫動(dòng)詞若空缺處需要填寫動(dòng)詞，那么就要考慮動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)等；若空缺處需要填寫那么就要考慮動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)等；若空缺處需要填寫形容詞形容詞，那么就要考慮形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)及固定句式等。那么就要考慮形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)及固定句式等。4通讀全文通讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案驗(yàn)證答案填完所有單詞后填完所有單詞后，不可孤立地逐個(gè)詞檢查不可孤立地逐個(gè)詞檢查，而必須將所有填入的詞代入文章中而必須將所有填入的詞代入文章中，復(fù)讀全文復(fù)讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查所填詞是否符合文章的情景內(nèi)容仔細(xì)檢查所填詞是否符合文章的情景內(nèi)容，讀起來是否流暢讀起來是否流暢，是否合是否合乎句法乎句法，單詞拼寫是否有誤單詞拼寫是否有誤，單詞形式是否正確等單詞形式是否正確等，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)糾正。發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)糾正?！纠?】A.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，用單詞的正確形式填空。More and more teenagers are using the internet nowadays, but some of them arent using it in a proper way. If you follow these suggestions, itll be much 1._(安全的) than you might think.Do not give your password to others and never give out your home 2._(地址)，real name, age, school or phone number to those 3._ (陌生人)Do not share your 4._ (私密的) information in Moments(朋友圈)Never answer unwanted 5._ (電子郵件)Be 6._(小心的) when you are using public WiFi or scanning QR code(掃二維碼)Never go and meet anyone you met online 7._ (沒有) your parents permission and never go 8._ (單獨(dú)地)Keep a separate credit (信用) card just for 9._ (購(gòu)物) online. This will make it easier to 10._ (取消) if something bad happens and your other credit cards can still be used uninfluenced.B方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使對(duì)話通順、正確。每詞僅用一次(每空一詞)。Sandy: Mom, Im really worried.Mom: Why? Whats the 11._？Sandy : I cant find my schoolbag.Mom: Well, where did you last put it?Sandy: I cant remember! I 12._ a concert yesterday so it might still be in the museum hall.Mom: Do you have anything 13._ in your schoolbag?Sandy: No, just my books, my pink hair band and some tennis balls.Mom: So it cant be 14._Sandy: Oh, wait! I went to a picnic after the concert. I remember I had my schoolbag with me at the picnic.Mom: So could it still be at the park?Sandy: Yes. I left early, before the rest of my 15._. Ill call them now to check if anybody has it.【答案】1.safer2.address3.strangers4.private/personal5.emails6.careful7.without8.alone9shopping10.cancel11.matter12.attended13valuable14.stolen15.friendsA用方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞或短語(yǔ)僅用一次。1As for English learning, the more you practice, the you will be.2When you are in foreign countries, the biggest challenge is to know the table 3Would you these names and numbers，please?4Although he didnt say anything about the plan, he in agreement.5Its known that everyone should play a part in saving the earth.bettermannerscheck outnoddedwidelyB閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語(yǔ)意思寫出單詞的正確形式(每空一詞)。Many years ago, a rich man wanted to help the people of his town. But first, he wanted to find out whether they were 6. (值得) his help. So he put a large stone on the way to the town 7. (市場(chǎng)), but he didnt show 8. (露面). Soon, an old man came on the horse and saw the stone. But he 9. (經(jīng)過) around rather than move it. Then, came a woman and a man, but neither the man 10. (也不)the woman moved the stone. The rich man felt 11. (沮喪的)worthmarketuppassednordown/upsetLate in the afternoon, a young 12. (漁民)came along. He saw the stone and said，“The night will be 13. (很快)dark. Some neighbors will come and they may be against the stone.”So he pushed and 14. (拖，拉)with all his power to move it to one side. But imagine how surprised he was to see under the stone was much money and a message，“This money is for a kind person.”The young man was excited to get the 15. (預(yù)料之外的)wealth.fishermanquickly/soonpulledunexpected