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1、Book 7 Unit 4話題晨背 積累寫作素材自主排查 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識邊講邊練 突破核心考點(diǎn)123妙筆生花 提高語用能力4話題詞匯話題詞匯話題晨背 積累寫作素材1.benefit vi.& n.得益，好處2.convenient adj.方便的，便利的3.wherever conj.無論在何處，無論到哪里4.argue vi.爭吵，爭辯5.responsibility n.責(zé)任，負(fù)責(zé)，職責(zé)6.amount n.數(shù)量9.damage vt.& n.損害，損失10.traffic jam交通阻塞，塞車11.fed up不愉快的，厭煩的12.take place發(fā)生；舉行13.go up上升14.o
2、n average平均；通常經(jīng)典語篇經(jīng)典語篇(2015江蘇)請閱讀下面文字及圖表，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。1.The other day，a netizen (網(wǎng)民) shared a photo on Sina Weibo.It was about an old lady standing in front of a car that was on a bicycle lane，and insisting that it leave the track.The photo drew about 7，000 comments on the social media platf
3、orm.Despite the thumbsup (點(diǎn)贊) given to the old lady，some argued that attention should be paid to our heavy road traffic.2.Some riders of ebikes and bicycles come and go in all directions，ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles.Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.Thus the avoid
4、able road accidents become unavoidable.3.From 2005 to 2014，the total number of private cars in China rose sharply from 32 million to 154 million.Currently，China had 15% of the worlds total vehicles.寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容1.用約30個單詞概述上述信息的主要內(nèi)容；2.結(jié)合上述信息，簡要分析導(dǎo)致交通問題的主要原因；3.根據(jù)你的分析，從社會規(guī)范(rules and regulations)和個人行為兩方面談?wù)勀?/p>
5、得到的啟示(不少于兩點(diǎn))。寫作要求寫作要求1.寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；2.不必寫標(biāo)題。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。佳作欣賞佳作欣賞The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack.It not only affects our everyday life，but may also threaten peoples lives. The three selections presented above are typical examples.Quite a few things give rise to the traffic
6、 problem.In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways，there is still much room for improvement，because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. Whats worse，some drivers，cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.In fact，traffic rules are part of t
7、he rules and regulations closely related to public order. Without them，people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos.But rules alone dont secure an orderly society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.It is everybodys duty to observe them to keep our society in order and
8、 going on the right track.思維發(fā)散思維發(fā)散1.用as well as改寫第句2.用although改寫第句It may threaten peoples lives as well as affects our everyday life.Although there are largescale construction of roads and highways，there is still much room for improvement，because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.答案3
9、.用because改寫第句4.把第句改寫成含有定語從句的復(fù)合句In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways，there is still much room for improvement，because the number of cars has been increasing these years.In fact，traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations which/that are closely related to public order.
10、答案返回自主排查 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識A.寫作單詞1. (vt.)處以罰金2. (vt.)運(yùn)送，輸送；表達(dá) 3. (adv.) 遺憾的，不幸地，可惜地 4. (adj.)非常壞(或非常好、非常極端)的，令人難以置信的5. (vt.)延遲，延期 fineconveyunfortunatelyunbelievablepostpone答案重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)單詞6. (vi.& vt.)承擔(dān)，從事；承諾，答應(yīng) 7. (vi.& vt.)擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，增大 8. (n.)增加，增長；成長，生長9. (adj.)每年的，一年一次的10. (adj.)準(zhǔn)時的，守時的 11. (n.)騎自行車的人12. (adj.)好斗的，
11、挑釁的，富于攻擊性的 undertakeenlargegrowthannual punctualcyclistaggressive答案13. (n.)負(fù)荷，負(fù)載，大量，許多； (vt.)裝載，裝上，裝入14. (adj.)喝醉的；(n.)醉漢，酒鬼 15. (vi.)出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生16. (vi.& vt.)分割，(使)分開；撕開，割破loaddrunkarisesplit答案B.閱讀單詞17.anniversary (n.)18.authority (n.)19.brake (n.) (vt.) 20.cab (n.)21.choke (vi.& vt.) (n.)22.crash (n.& v
12、i.& vt.)23.crossing (n.)周年紀(jì)念日周年紀(jì)念日權(quán)力權(quán)力,權(quán)威權(quán)威;官方官方,當(dāng)權(quán)者當(dāng)權(quán)者;批準(zhǔn)批準(zhǔn),授權(quán)授權(quán)剎車，車閘剎車，車閘用車閘減速，剎車用車閘減速，剎車出租車，的士出租車，的士(使使)窒息；窒息；(使使)哽咽；塞滿，堵塞哽咽；塞滿，堵塞哽咽聲哽咽聲,嗆住的聲音嗆住的聲音撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰人行橫道；十字路口，交叉點(diǎn)人行橫道；十字路口，交叉點(diǎn)；穿越；穿越答案24.handful (n.)25.metropolitan (adj.)26.outer (adj.)27.userfriendly (adj.)28.via (prep.)29.vio
13、late (vt.)30.prime (adj.) (n.)31.receptionist (n.)32.reservation (n.)少量的人或物；一把少量的人或物；一把(的量的量)大城市的，大都會的大城市的，大都會的遠(yuǎn)離中心的遠(yuǎn)離中心的,外圍的外圍的;外表的外表的,表層的表層的方便用戶的，便于使用的方便用戶的，便于使用的經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過(某一地方某一地方)；通過，憑借；通過，憑借違犯，違反；侵犯違犯，違反；侵犯首要的，主要的首要的，主要的盛年，鼎盛時期盛年，鼎盛時期接待員接待員預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留意見預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留意見答案33.route (n.)34.section (n.)35.s
14、ubway (n.)36.timetable (n.)37.departure (n.)depart (v.)38.detail (n.)detailed (adj.)39.enquiry (n.)enquire (v.)(常規(guī)常規(guī))路線路線部分；部件部分；部件；部門；部門地鐵地鐵時間表，時刻表時間表，時刻表離開，出發(fā)；背離，違反離開，出發(fā)；背離，違反離開，出發(fā)離開，出發(fā)具體情況，詳情，細(xì)節(jié)具體情況，詳情，細(xì)節(jié)詳細(xì)的，細(xì)致的詳細(xì)的，細(xì)致的詢問，咨詢；調(diào)查，查究，探究詢問，咨詢；調(diào)查，查究，探究詢問，打聽詢問，打聽答案1. 中途下客或卸貨2. 聯(lián)合，連接3. 每隔()距離或時間4. 給某人接通(
15、電話)；使經(jīng)歷5. 決定，選定6. 推遲，推延；使反感drop offlink upat (.) intervalsput throughdecide on/uponput off答案重點(diǎn)短語重點(diǎn)短語7. 出現(xiàn)，到來；調(diào)高(音量等)8. 填寫(表格)；消磨(時間)9. 少數(shù)的，少量的10. 分組，分解；分離11. (使)加速12. 起因于，由引起turn upfill ina handful ofsplit upspeed up答案arise from1.However，most trains to London only went to the outer city limits，becau
16、se building railway tracks into the city many old buildings.但大部分通往倫敦的火車只到外倫敦的邊界，因?yàn)樵谑袇^(qū)修建鐵路會損壞許多古建筑。2. better ways for digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.隨著挖隧道方法的日益發(fā)展,第一條穿過泰晤士河的地鐵隧道于1884年動工。would have damagedAs答案經(jīng)典句式經(jīng)典句式3. the situation，a wea
17、lthy American businessman，Charles Yerkes，undertook the job of improving the system in 1902.看到這種情況，一名叫查爾斯耶基斯的美國富商于1902年承擔(dān)起了改善(地鐵)系統(tǒng)的工程4.So， take a trip on the oldest underground system today?所以，今天為什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地鐵觀賞一番呢？Having seenwhy not答案返回邊講邊練 突破核心考點(diǎn)undertake v.著手；從事；承擔(dān)；許諾，答應(yīng)著手；從事；承擔(dān)；許諾，答應(yīng)undertaken.
18、/pron.承擔(dān)undertake to do.著手做；答應(yīng)做undertake that.承諾做undertake for.為負(fù)責(zé)應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)一詞多義一詞多義(1)If you undertake the project，you are bound to encounter difficulties.如果你承接這項(xiàng)工程的話，免不了會遇到許多困難。(2)To do so，it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.要想這么
19、做，理解為什么人們愿意承擔(dān)志愿者工作以及是什么使得他們對這個工作感興趣將會起到幫助作用。(2015江蘇)(3)Ill undertake for your security.我將保證你的安全。多維訓(xùn)練(1)同義句改寫He undertook that he would finish the job by Friday.(改為簡單句)He undertook to finish the job by Friday.答案(2)A university professor not only teaches，but also research work.A.carries B.takesC.under
20、takes D.obtains解析解析句意為：大學(xué)教授不僅要教學(xué)，而且還承擔(dān)著研究工作。carry搬運(yùn)，攜帶；take拿，取，帶；undertake承擔(dān)，從事；obtain獲得。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該選C項(xiàng)。C解析答案 arise vi.起立；發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)；由起立；發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)；由引起；因引起；因產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)生應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)任務(wù)型閱讀詞匯；寫作詞匯任務(wù)型閱讀詞匯；寫作詞匯arise from/out of.result from由引起；因產(chǎn)生；從中產(chǎn)生(1)When I arose from the chair，my father and Eleanors father were in deep c
21、onversation.當(dāng)我從椅子上站起來時，我父親和埃莉諾的父親談興正濃。(2)The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased greatly over the past year.在過去的一年中，交通事故數(shù)量以及由交通事故所引發(fā)的死亡人數(shù)急速上升。特別提醒特別提醒特別提醒a(bǔ)rise作“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生”之意時，主語多為抽象名詞argument，problem，quarrel，movement等。詞義辨析詞義辨析詞義辨析arise，rise，raise(1)arise不及物
22、動詞，意為“出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生”。(2)rise不及物動詞，意為“上升；起床；升起”，說明主語自身移向更高的位置。(3)raise及物動詞，意為“抬高；提高”，說明主語的動作作用于其他事物。多維訓(xùn)練(1)用arise，rise，raise的適當(dāng)形式填空He his voice so as to be heard by the audience.The river by several meters so far.His failure in the physics exam from his lack of carefulness.raisedhas risenarose答案(2)When the q
23、uestion at the meeting，no one could answer it.A.rose B.aroseC.came D.raised解析解析rise上升；arise出現(xiàn)；come來；raise提出，籌集。句意為：當(dāng)這個問題在會議上提出的時候，沒有人能回答。raise是及物動詞，要使用被動語態(tài)；A、C兩項(xiàng)的意義與句意不符。故B項(xiàng)正確。B解析答案load n.負(fù)擔(dān)；負(fù)荷物；負(fù)擔(dān)；負(fù)荷物；v.裝載；裝填裝載；裝填(1)take a load off ones mind卸下心頭重負(fù)have a load on ones mind放心不下loads ofa load of許多 (2)l
24、oad.with.用裝載be loaded with負(fù)載(1)Although the educational systems have been transformed a lot，the loads of the students are still very heavy.盡管教育制度已改變了很多，但學(xué)生的負(fù)擔(dān)仍然很重。(2)How long will it take to load the coal onto the truck?裝這車煤需要多長時間？(3)There are loads of great places to see in Australia.澳大利亞有很多值得看的好地方
25、。(1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load my mind.He didnt want to be loaded any new impressions.I feel worried about my son.He really has a load his mind.(2)同義句改寫B(tài)ecause we are loaded with much work，we cant afford time for sports.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫) ，we cant afford time for sports.多維訓(xùn)
26、練offwithonLoaded with much work答案(3)He says that my new car is a of money.Dont you think those words are just sour grapes?A.lack B.loadC.question D.waste解析解析lack缺乏；load負(fù)擔(dān)；question疑問；waste 浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)句意，尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案選D。句意為：他說我買輛新車就是件浪費(fèi)錢的事情。難道你不認(rèn)為這些話是“吃不著葡萄說葡萄酸”嗎？D解析答案turn up出現(xiàn)，到來，露面；出現(xiàn)，到來，露面；
27、調(diào)高調(diào)高( (音量等音量等) )turn down拒絕；調(diào)小turn into變成turn out生產(chǎn)；結(jié)果是；證明是turn over移交turn on/off打開/關(guān)掉turn to sb.轉(zhuǎn)身；求助于；致力于應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)turn短語語境詞義辨析短語語境詞義辨析(1)For some reason she didnt turn up.由于某種原因，她沒有來。(2)Some allA students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected.學(xué)校里的一些優(yōu)秀學(xué)生踏
28、入社會后不像人們預(yù)料的那么成功。(1)用turn短語的適當(dāng)形式填空She at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall.I would，indeed， the evidence to the police.New technologies have made it possible to new products faster and at a lower cost.Dont the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.If nothing is done，the oc
29、eans will fish deserts.We are at your service.Dont hesitate to us if you have any further problems.多維訓(xùn)練turned upturnoverturn outturn off答案turn intoturn to(2)Dont worry.Im sure your missing glasses will sooner or later.(2015湖北，26)A.stand out B.break upC.get out D.turn up 解析解析考查動詞短語辨析。句意為：別擔(dān)心，我相信你遲早會找
30、到丟失的眼鏡。stand out站出來，堅(jiān)決反對；break up打碎，解散；get out出去，泄露，出版；turn up出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生。故選D。D解析答案(3)How could you such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months？(2014浙江，19)A.turn off B.turn inC.turn down D.turn to解析解析考查turn短語詞義辨析。句意為：既然你失業(yè)好幾個月了，你怎么能 這么好的一份工作呢？turn off關(guān)閉，關(guān)掉；turn in上交；turn down拒絕(建議、要求或邀請
31、等)，調(diào)低(聲音、溫度等)；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于。由語境可知，因?yàn)槭I(yè)好幾個月了，按常理是不能“拒絕”(turn down)那么好的一份工作的，故C項(xiàng)正確。C解析答案speed up( (使使) )加速；加快加速；加快(1)有“加速”意義的表達(dá)：speed up；accelerate；step up(2)at high/low/full/top speed以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of以速度pick up speedgather speed加速(3)slow down 減速(4)speeding n.& v.超速應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)(1)多詞一義多詞一義(2)任務(wù)型閱讀詞匯任
32、務(wù)型閱讀詞匯(1)We must speed up the pace of our economic reform.我們必須加快經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的步伐。(2)Even worse，if there were no change about that，diseases would spread at a very quick speed.更糟的是，如果沒有變化，疾病就會快速蔓延。(3)The train began to pick up speed.火車開始加速。(1)根據(jù)提示填空Yesterday Tom was driving home (以速度)150kph when he was stopped
33、 by a policeman.He was fined for (超速).Therefore，on the rest way，he had to (減速).多維訓(xùn)練at a speed ofspeedingslow down答案(2)The thin but fit girl suddenly on the final lap，caught up with other runners and came first in the 5,000 meters.A.put up B.turned upC.took up D.speeded up解析解析句意為：那個瘦小而健康的女孩在最后一圈突然加速，
34、趕上了其他的參賽者，獲得了五千米跑步的冠軍。put up 張貼； turn up 出現(xiàn)，露面； take up 占據(jù)，從事；speed up 加速，促進(jìn)。D解析答案convey vt.表達(dá)，傳遞表達(dá)，傳遞思想、感情等思想、感情等；運(yùn)送，輸送；運(yùn)送，輸送(1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空Please convey my best wishes her.I find it hard to convey my feelings words.多維訓(xùn)練toin答案(2)用convey的適當(dāng)形式填空They took a more reasonable approach， to their children how
35、success at school could improve their lives.(2015陜西)The message here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”(2013江蘇)(3)這艘船從中東運(yùn)輸石油到歐洲。 the Middle East Europe.conveyingconveyedThis ship conveys oil from答案to(4)What is it that the author wants to to his readers through the story?A.send B.conveyC.tak
36、e D.talk解析解析convey傳達(dá)，表達(dá)。句意為：作者想通過故事向讀者表達(dá)什么呢？B解析答案postpone vt.延遲，延期延遲，延期多維訓(xùn)練(1)他們推遲做一個決定，那我們就只能等了。They and we just had to wait.postponed making a decision答案(2)We had to our visit to the pyramids because we didnt have enough time to see them before we left Egypt.A.prohibit B.postponeC.predict D.preser
37、ve解析解析prohibit禁止，阻止；postpone推遲，延遲；predict預(yù)測，預(yù)言；preserve保護(hù)，保存。由句意知選B項(xiàng)。B解析答案(3)Excuse me，sir.My visa is due at the end of this month.Can I it?Sure.You can just go to the Public Security Office in our city to fill in some forms.A.postpone B.confirmC.expand D.extend解析解析從句意“抱歉，我的護(hù)照月底到期，我可以延期嗎？當(dāng)然，你去我們市的公共
38、安全部門填一些表格就行。”可以看出是對護(hù)照時間的延伸。postpone推遲，耽擱；confirm證實(shí)；expand(面積、體積從中心向四周)擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展；extend(空間和時間的某方向)擴(kuò)展，延伸，延長。故選D。D解析答案split vi.& vt.分割，分割，( (使使) )分開；撕開，割破分開；撕開，割破多維訓(xùn)練寫出下列句中劃線詞的漢語意思(1)The article is easier to read if it is split up into sections.(2)Lets split the cost among all of us.(3)Research suggests th
39、at children whose parents split up are more likely to drop out of high school.(4)This kind of wood splits easily.分成分成分擔(dān)費(fèi)用分擔(dān)費(fèi)用答案分手，離異分手，離異容易劈容易劈decide on/upon決定；選定決定；選定多維訓(xùn)練(1)完成句子這件事使我下定決心辭職。The event .價錢未定，歡迎顧主開價。We but were open to offers.(2)同義句改寫The girl decided against marrying the doctor.(用不定式改寫
40、)decided me to resignhavent decided on a priceThe girl decided not to marry the doctor.答案 Having seen the situation，a wealthy American businessman，Charles Yerkes，undertook the job of improving the system in 1902.看到這種情況，一名叫查爾看到這種情況，一名叫查爾斯斯耶基斯的美國富商于耶基斯的美國富商于1902年承擔(dān)起了改善地鐵系統(tǒng)的工年承擔(dān)起了改善地鐵系統(tǒng)的工程程having done
41、sth.以及having been done是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，表示該動作先于主句的謂語動詞完成，在句子中可作時間狀語和原因狀語。句型公式：句型公式：(Not) having done.，主語謂語，主語謂語(1)Having been told exactly where he lived，I had no difficulty in finding Peters house.有人告訴了我彼得的準(zhǔn)確地址，我沒費(fèi)力氣便找到了他的家。(2)Not having promoted the new digital camera successfully，the company should refle
42、ct on its original marketing methods.沒能成功銷售他們的新款數(shù)碼相機(jī)，這家公司應(yīng)該就這一情況認(rèn)真思考之前的銷售方法了。(1) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(2015天津，8)A.To work B.WorkedC.To be working D.Having worked解析解析考查非謂語動詞。句意為：工作了兩天后，史蒂夫設(shè)法準(zhǔn)時完成了報告。動詞work與句子主語Steve之間為主謂關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；同時work的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞managed to fin
43、ish之前，故要用完成時。D解析答案多維訓(xùn)練(2) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears more mature than those of her age.(2014福建，27)A.Spending B.SpentC.Having spent D.To spend解析解析考查非謂語動詞。“花費(fèi)”和其邏輯主語Linda之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞；且表示發(fā)生在謂語動作之前的動作，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。C解析答案 So，why not take a trip on the oldest undergroun
44、d system today？所以，今天為什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地所以，今天為什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地鐵觀賞一番呢？鐵觀賞一番呢？句型公式：句型公式：Why not.？why not有三重含義：(1)表示建議，意為“為什么不做呢？做如何？”；(2)表示對否定陳述的回答，意為“為什么不；為什么是那樣？”；(3)表示同意，意為“當(dāng)然可以，好啊”。why not跟不帶to的動詞不定式，用來提出建議，表示“為什么不”，即Why not do.？Why dont/wont you do.？Why is it that.？是因?yàn)槭裁矗?強(qiáng)調(diào)句)(1)I suddenly got an idea：why
45、 not give the rooms a thorough cleaning?我突然有個想法：為什么不把房間徹底打掃一下呢？(2015陜西)(2)We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.Yes，why not？Ill give them a call right now.我們可以邀請John和Barbara參加星期五的晚會。好啊，為什么不呢？我立刻給他們打電話。(1)我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍?。好啊。Lets go to see the movie. ?(2)為什么不給她寫信呢？她需要你的建議。 ？She needs your
46、 advice.(3)為什么父母總是在我們遇到麻煩的時候才注意到我們呢？ parents only pay attention to us when we get into trouble？多維訓(xùn)練Why notWhy not write to her答案Why is it that妙筆生花 提高語用能力寫作素材 (關(guān)于關(guān)于交通問題交通問題)微寫作1.現(xiàn)在人們有很多的旅行方式，例如乘坐有軌電車、的士、地鐵或火車。2.隨著私家車的增加，有很多的堵車和交通事故。3.司機(jī)開車的時候不應(yīng)該喝醉或違反交通規(guī)則。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。連句成篇連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文) Nowadays people have many ways of travelling，such as by tram，cab，subway or rail.With private cars increasing，there are a lot of traffic jams and accidents.While driving，drivers shouldnt get drunk or violate traffic rules.答案返回
高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Public transport課件 牛津譯林版選修7
