高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 題型突破 專題12 閱讀理解 第1講 細(xì)節(jié)理解題課件

《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 題型突破 專題12 閱讀理解 第1講 細(xì)節(jié)理解題課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 題型突破 專題12 閱讀理解 第1講 細(xì)節(jié)理解題課件（32頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、題型專題突破第二部分第二部分專題十二閱讀理解專題十二閱讀理解20172017考綱精解考綱精解年份類別201620152014考情分析全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷考點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)理解題988911791.各個(gè)題型的分布已逐步成熟且趨于平穩(wěn)，以事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)類和推理判斷類為主。主旨大意題1110111推理判斷題4545253詞義猜測(cè)題1121122年份類別201620152014考情分析全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷體裁記敘文22121012.題材仍然體現(xiàn)了來(lái)源于實(shí)際生活、緊貼時(shí)代、反映英美文化等特點(diǎn)。從體裁看，文章分別屬于記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文和應(yīng)用文。3.語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化，句子長(zhǎng)度、

2、難度有所增加。行文具有跳躍性，隱含信息較多。議論文1000111說(shuō)明文1121121應(yīng)用文0111111 一、閱讀理解的解題技巧 1通篇略讀，了解全文大意 對(duì)全文通篇速讀，舍棄無(wú)關(guān)緊要的細(xì)節(jié)，做到“會(huì)當(dāng)凌絕頂，一覽眾山小”，全力捕捉全文中心思想。 2細(xì)讀全文，注重關(guān)鍵詞句 針對(duì)題目中的問(wèn)題細(xì)讀材料，可以縮小閱讀范圍，迅速找到與問(wèn)題有關(guān)的信息，細(xì)讀與題目相關(guān)聯(lián)的詞、句、段，對(duì)關(guān)鍵部分要透徹理解，仔細(xì)推敲。名師點(diǎn)撥 3透過(guò)表層，深入開(kāi)拓，正確解題 在理解原文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)未知含義進(jìn)行演繹、推斷，并利用文章中出現(xiàn)的各種信息及文章所論述的觀點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、作者的態(tài)度或評(píng)論等內(nèi)容來(lái)進(jìn)行綜合性的概括，從而達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確理

3、解文章內(nèi)涵的目的。 二、閱讀理解的解題方法 1文章問(wèn)題文章(PQP)法 第一步：用半分鐘左右了解文章涉及的大概內(nèi)容。具體方法：參看首尾段、首句、文中的中文注釋等。 第二步：讀問(wèn)題，畫出其中的關(guān)鍵詞。 第三步：帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。細(xì)細(xì)品味與問(wèn)題相關(guān)的信息，其他部分一掃而過(guò)。這樣做既有利于把握文章主旨和作者意圖，又能提高準(zhǔn)確率并節(jié)省時(shí)間。 2問(wèn)題文章問(wèn)題(QPQ)法 針對(duì)廣告、海報(bào)、新聞等應(yīng)用文，采用此法更有效。即先將問(wèn)題看一遍，然后帶著問(wèn)題去閱讀文章，找答案。其特點(diǎn)是針對(duì)性強(qiáng)并節(jié)省時(shí)間，此法比較適用于解答事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)性的問(wèn)題。 3略讀法 略讀法是快速閱讀中的一種方法。 (1)略讀的關(guān)鍵是在能抓住文章要點(diǎn)

4、的前提下以個(gè)人最快的速度閱讀。主要目的是獲得足夠的信息以便準(zhǔn)確地回答有關(guān)文章主旨和大意的問(wèn)題。 (2)利用略讀法做閱讀時(shí)，要特別注意首尾兩段，因?yàn)槲恼碌牡谝欢瓮c(diǎn)明文章的主題或中心思想，或作者的意圖，而文章的最后一段常?？偨Y(jié)或重述文章的主要內(nèi)容。 (3)要學(xué)會(huì)尋找文章段落的主題句。這是高效省時(shí)抓段落大意的一條捷徑。同時(shí)也是準(zhǔn)確理解全文大意的有效途徑，因?yàn)榘颜恼碌拿慷沃黝}句的意思綜合起來(lái)實(shí)際上就是全文的中心思想。 (4)另外，文章的主題句有時(shí)可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在段落中間或結(jié)尾，必須運(yùn)用略讀法快速準(zhǔn)確地找到它。 4查閱法 在進(jìn)行略讀、了解文章大意后，比較簡(jiǎn)單的試題往往能立即解決。但還是有一些綜合性較

5、強(qiáng)、結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的試題如果只看一遍很難對(duì)問(wèn)題把握得準(zhǔn)，需要對(duì)文章里面的細(xì)節(jié)、結(jié)構(gòu)、生詞的含義進(jìn)行認(rèn)真分析、推敲，才能選出其正確答案。這時(shí)若通讀全文就會(huì)耽誤時(shí)間。我們就可利用在略讀過(guò)程中所畫出的相關(guān)詞句甚至段落進(jìn)行復(fù)讀、研究，從而選準(zhǔn)答案。 5研讀法 “研讀”就是仔細(xì)地閱讀，以求獲得具體的信息，對(duì)文章有深層次的理解。研讀主要是指圍繞文章后面的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行細(xì)讀，包括理解支持主題句的細(xì)節(jié)，根據(jù)作者的意圖和中心思想進(jìn)行推論，借助語(yǔ)法知識(shí)對(duì)涉及問(wèn)題的難句、長(zhǎng)句進(jìn)行分析，力爭(zhēng)達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確地理解，根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義等。第第1講細(xì)節(jié)理解題講細(xì)節(jié)理解題 細(xì)節(jié)理解題是指原文提到了某事物、現(xiàn)象或理論，題干針對(duì)原文具體敘述本身

6、發(fā)問(wèn)。一般包括直接理解題及語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題。抓住文段中的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵。 1題型特點(diǎn) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題是針對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)而精心設(shè)計(jì)的，目的在于測(cè)試考生對(duì)閱讀材料中具體內(nèi)容的理解能力。在近幾年高考試題中所占比重較大，而且考查難度有所增加。細(xì)節(jié)包括描寫性細(xì)節(jié)、說(shuō)明性細(xì)節(jié)、比較和對(duì)比性細(xì)節(jié)。名師點(diǎn)撥 2常見(jiàn)設(shè)問(wèn)方式 Which of the following statements is true/false? Which of the following statements is(not) mentioned? All of the following statements are true/fa

7、lse except _？ Choose the right order of the events. The author/passage states that _. According to the passage, when/why/where/how/who/which etc. _？ 3解題策略 (1)細(xì)心審題，定位原文，直接根據(jù)問(wèn)題從文中找答案。將注意力集中在尋找所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上，快速通篇跳讀直到找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，確定答案。 (2)按文章體裁，作者寫作的模式及有關(guān)的信息詞，如：for example，first，second等來(lái)尋找自己所需要的信息。 (3)排除干擾，

8、突出主題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題設(shè)計(jì)的干擾項(xiàng)一般都是某一細(xì)節(jié)的錯(cuò)誤敘述與論斷，可先排除干擾項(xiàng)。 (4)注意識(shí)別指代詞語(yǔ)。為避免重復(fù)，文章中對(duì)多次提到的事物或現(xiàn)象會(huì)使用不同的詞語(yǔ)，如同義詞、近義詞、代詞等。 (5)變通理解，多方歸納，全面捕捉信息，最后確定答案。細(xì)節(jié)理解題有時(shí)考查的不是單一信息，而是多處信息的整合?？忌欢ㄒC合分析，多方歸納，確定答案。(2016全國(guó)卷A)Whats On?Electric Underground 730pm1.00amFree at the Cyclops TheatreDo you know whos playing in your area? Were bringin

9、g you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? if so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. Hes going to talk about how you can find the right pers

10、on to produce your music.典題在線 Gee Whizz 830pm10.30pmComedy at Kaleidoscope Come and see Gee Whizz perform. Hes the funniest standup comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from

11、 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐) Simons Workshop 500pm7.30pmWednesdays at Victoria Stage This is a Rood chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has

12、10 years experience of reaching comedy.His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny. Charlotte Stone 800pm11.00pmPizza World Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new bestsel

13、ling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine. 1Who can help you if you want to have your music produced? AJules Skye.BG

14、ee Whizz CCharlotte Stone.DJames Pickering. 2At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh? AThe Cyclops Theatre. BKaleidoscope. CVictoria Stage. DPizza World. 3What do we know about Simons Workshop? AIt requires membership status. BIt lasts three hours each time. CIt is run by a co

15、medy club. DIt is held every Wednesday. 4When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs? A5.00pm7.30pm. B7.30pm1.00am. C8.00pm11.00pm. D8.30pm10.30pm. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇由四則廣告組成的應(yīng)用文。分別介紹了一個(gè)講座、一個(gè)喜劇演員的演出、一個(gè)喜劇演員的工作室以及一個(gè)有爵士樂(lè)和美食的好去處。 1【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從題干的have your music produced判斷本題的答案出處在第一則廣告，該廣告說(shuō)，“你是否有興趣成為音樂(lè)人，得到錄制唱片的合同

16、？”然后說(shuō)晚上7點(diǎn)半有Jules Skye的報(bào)告，因此選A項(xiàng)Jules Skye。根據(jù)本廣告最后一句也可得出答案。 【答案】A 2【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。帶著題干的“不同年齡的人歡笑”這個(gè)信息，我們?nèi)ミ@幾則廣告中尋找相關(guān)信息。答案在第二則廣告里，該廣告說(shuō)，Gee Whizz是最滑稽的單口喜劇演員(standup comedian)，他的表演能夠讓所有人快樂(lè)，下至孩童上到老人(from the youngest to the oldest)。表演的地點(diǎn)是Kaleidoscope，因此選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 3【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題涉及第三則廣告的相關(guān)信息。從5.00 pm7.30 pm Wednes

17、days at Victoria Stage可以判斷，該活動(dòng)每個(gè)星期三舉辦，故D項(xiàng)正確。每次兩個(gè)半小時(shí)，排除B項(xiàng)；文章沒(méi)有提到需要有會(huì)員資格，排除A項(xiàng)；也沒(méi)有提到喜劇俱樂(lè)部，排除C項(xiàng)。 【答案】D 4【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從題干可知解本題的信息來(lái)自最后一則廣告，該廣告開(kāi)頭就交代了時(shí)間：晚上8點(diǎn)到11點(diǎn)，因此選C項(xiàng)。 【答案】C(2015全國(guó)卷B)The freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sara

18、sota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(維生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at n

19、ormal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best partparticularly to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root vegetableswas a 7 am. adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call. The market, which was founded in 19

20、79, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am. to 1 pm., rain or shine，along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the redpainted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes：amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes. Disappointed by many a brok

21、en, vineripened(蔓上成熟的)promise, Ive refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home theyre unfailingly dry, hard，and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Browns Grove Farms stand, full of fresh and

22、soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real dealand at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldnt be experiencing again for months. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened w

23、hen I learned that Browns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, whereluckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew Id be ordering every tomato on it. 1What made the authors gettin

24、g up early worthwhile? AHaving a swim. BBreathing in fresh air. CWalking in the morning sun. DVisiting a local farmers market. 2What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter? AThey are soft.BThey look nice. CThey taste great.DThey are juicy. 3What was the author going to do that evenin

25、g? AGo to a farm.BCheck into a hotel. CEat in a restaurant.DBuy fresh vegetables. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講的是作者在冬天離開(kāi)寒冷的紐約到佛羅里達(dá)州的薩拉索塔度假的經(jīng)歷。主題是關(guān)于氣候和飲食。 1【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息詞worthwhile可以定位到文章第一段最后一句。由a 7 am. adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call.可知，作者認(rèn)

26、為早上7點(diǎn)去農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)是很值得做的事情。 【答案】D 2【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home theyre unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.可知，在冬季，紐約的西紅柿只是外表吸引人，買回家之后才發(fā)現(xiàn)它們又干又硬，而且無(wú)味。A、C、D三項(xiàng)與作者所描述的紐約冬季出售的西紅柿的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況不相符，故排除。 【答案】B 3【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息詞that evening可定位到文章最后一段第一句a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, whereluckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night.，句中的that very night是關(guān)鍵信息詞。由此可知，作者晚上要在餐館吃飯。故C項(xiàng)正確。 【答案】C專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題(一一)專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題(二二)