2019高考英語一輪核心考點探究與練習 教材復習篇 Unit 5 First Aid（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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Unit 5　First aid 【短文語法填空】 A game of “catch” is just two people 1.　　　　　　(throw) a ball back and forth.They might have baseball 2.(glove),or they might use their hands.In fact,playing catch is part of baseball practice 3.(make) you get used to using a ball and a pair of gloves.But any American kid will tell you it’s much more than that.Playing catch is a time for kids to be 4. their fathers.It’s a time when there’s nothing to worry about besides catching a ball.It’s a time when words move as 5.　　　　　　　　(smooth) as the ball itself,back and forth,easy and relaxing.It’s 6. excuse to spend time together.When you ask some adults to talk about the 7.(wonder) memories of their dads,they nearly always say something about playing catch.Why?8.(probable) because dads are usually very busy with their work.A catch game is a time 9.　　　　　　　　 is only for one thing.This is a time when a kid has his or her dad’s attention.There 10.(be) no work,no phone and no other people around to take your dad away from you.Your dad is all yours when you play the game with him. 答案 1.throwing　2.gloves　3.to make　4.with　5.smoothly　 6.an　7.wonderful　8.Probably　9.which/that　10.is vital adj.至關重要的；生死攸關的 (1)of vital importance 至關重要 be vital for/to sth.對……極為重要 It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要 (2)在It is vital that句型中，that從句的謂語常用虛擬語氣，即(should)＋動詞原形。 ①(教材原句)If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. 如果是二度或者三度燒傷，至關重要的是把傷者立刻送去看醫(yī)生或送往醫(yī)院。 ②The police play a vital role __in__ our society. 警察在我們的社會中起著極其重要的作用。 ③These matters are vital __to__ the national security. 這些事情對國家安全至關重要。 treat vt.& vi.& n．治療；對待；款待；招待 (1)treat sb.as...把某人當作…… treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己 It’s my treat.我請客。 (2)treatment n．治療；對待 have/receive treatment 接受治療 under treatment 正在接受治療 ①(教材原句)John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands. 約翰用這些東西處理斯萊德女士手上最嚴重的傷口。 ②Let’s go out for dinner—__my__ (I)treat this time. 咱們出去吃飯吧！——這次我請客。 ③He __treated__ (treat) us as/like honored guests，and treated us __to__ a big dinner.We all much appreciated __his__(he)treat. 他把我們當作尊貴的客人，用豐盛的晚餐招待我們。我們十分感激他的熱情款待。 ④(2015北京卷)—Did you enjoy the party? —Yes，we __were treated__ (treat) by our hosts. apply vt.涂；敷；搽；應用　vi.申請；請求；使用 (1)apply oneself/one’s mind to...致力于……；集中精力做…… apply(to sb.)for sth.(向……)申請……；請求…… apply to(to為介詞)適用于；對……有效 apply...to...把……應用于……；將……涂/貼在……上 (2)applicant n．申請人 application n．申請；申請書；適用 ①(高考佳句)(2017北京卷)Taylor will apply to college soon. 泰勒將會很快申請上大學。 ②(2016浙江卷)When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided __to apply__ (apply) for the one that reflected my interest. 當最后決定課程的時候到了，我決定申請能反映我興趣的課程。 ③The __applicant__ (apply) applied himself to __applying__ (apply) for a post for teaching __applied__ (apply) chemistry，saying that he would apply what he learnt __to__ his teaching. 這位申請人專心于申請一份教應用化學的工作，并且說他會把他所學到的應用到他的教學中去。 【七選五】 It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.__1__ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing，then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts. Dont get in the center of the conflict. Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help.Frankly speaking，it is very unwise，because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.__2__ You should focus on your own life issues. Be kind. __3__ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements，and thats why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them.For example，kindness can lessen the conflict. Try to be a peacekeeper. Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“__4__” This saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper.Dont worry if you are not a naturalborn peacekeeper；you can gain this skill during life. Walk off. When the conflict is gathering pace and you cant manage to control yourself，you should choose to handle the situation in another way.By all means，try to keep yourself away from stress.__5__ You should get away from the situation for a while. A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought. B．Conflicts are unavoidable，so try to accept them. C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support. D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence. E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent. F．When someone pushes you to the limit，try to act kindly towards this person. G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree. 【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾種有效避免沖突的建議。 1．G　根據(jù)空前一句“It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others”可知，盡量避免沖突是十分有必要的；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承上啟下，介紹沖突的嚴重危害，引出文章主題，故G項正確。 2．D　根據(jù)空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues”可知，作者建議把注意力集中在自己的事情上；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處建議“讓其他人自己解決他們自己的問題”，故D項符合文意。 3．F　根據(jù)該段標題“Be kind”可知，該段主要闡述“和善待人”的建議，這與F項中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照應，故F項符合文意。 4．A　根據(jù)空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper”可以判斷，空處是調解人的一句格言。A項意為“最偉大的勝利是一場沒有戰(zhàn)斗的斗爭”，符合文意，故A項正確。 5．E　根據(jù)空前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress”可知，這里作者建議要遠離沖突，離開對手；據(jù)此可知E項符合文意。 fall ill 生??；病倒 fall asleep 入睡＝fall into sleep fall to pieces 崩潰，倒塌 fall in love with 愛上；喜歡上 fall over 跌倒/翻倒/落到……上 fall off 掉下，脫落；(數(shù)量、質量等)下降 fall behind 落后 fall silent 沉默 fall awake 清醒 ①(教材原句)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. 急救是在醫(yī)生到來之前給予那個突然生病或受傷的人的一種臨時求助。 ②As soon as the speaker went onto the stage，the whole hall fell __silent__ (silence)． 當演講人一走上講臺，整個大廳就靜了下來。 ③Lily __fell__ (fall) in love with a boy so that she fell __behind__ others in her studies.In fact，she became so tired of all her subjects that she would fall __asleep__ (sleep) immediately she saw the textbooks.If her teacher asked her why she hadn’t handed in her homework，she would lie that she __had fallen__ (fall) ill the day before and couldn’t do any work. 莉莉愛上了一個男孩結果學習成績落后于別人。事實上，她如此厭倦所有學科以至于一看到課本就想睡覺。如果老師問她為什么還沒交作業(yè)，她會撒謊說前天病了，不能做作業(yè)。 fall ill表示動作，短暫性動詞短語，不與一段時間狀語連用；be ill表示生病的狀態(tài)，延續(xù)性動詞短語，可與一段時間狀語連用。 ④Suddenly he __fell__ (fall) ill and ran a high fever. 他突然病倒，發(fā)起高燒。 ⑤He __has been__ (be) ill for a week. 他生病一周了。 make a difference 區(qū)別對待；有影響；起(重要)作用 (1)make all the difference 關系重大，大不相同 make some/no difference(to sb./sth.)對……有些(沒有)作用 (2)tell the difference 分辨，區(qū)分，區(qū)別 ①(教材原句)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 這說明了急救知識的確能發(fā)揮重要的作用。 ②The fact that I can now organize my own time __makes__ (make) some difference. 現(xiàn)在我能安排自己的時間了，這對我有很大的影響。 ③(2016上海卷)Since then，many scientists have thought that our actions do make a __difference__ (different)． 從那以后，很多科學家都認為我們的行動真起了作用。 【短文改錯】 How time flies! I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while its time go back to school.This winter I spend ten days studying maths，chemistry and physics，none of which was easily for me. And I still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I had attended my uncles wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my disappoint，I didnt get many lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant calling “Red Lobster”．The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed myself. 【答案】　 How time flies! I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home its time go back to school.This winter I ten days studying maths，chemistry and physics，none of which was for me. I still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I attended my uncles wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my ，I didnt get lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant “Red Lobster”．The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed . Remove clothing using scissors if necessary __unless__ it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服緊貼在燒傷面上，否則要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。 unless＝if...not...是連詞，意為“除非；如果不”，引導條件狀語從句。 ①You will fail __unless__ you work hard. 如果你不積極工作，就會失敗。 ②Don’t ask me to explain unless you really __don’t understand__ (understand)． 不要叫我解釋，除非你真的不懂。 ③We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it __rains__ (rain) or it’s very cold. 除非下雨或天很冷，否則我們將在本周日去公園野餐。 ④(2015江蘇卷)It is so cold that you can’t go outside __unless__ fully covered in thick clothes. John __was studying__ in his room __when__ he heard screaming. 約翰正在房間里學習，突然聽到一聲尖叫。 be doing...when...正在做……這時突然…… when為并列連詞，表示“這時；突然”，相當于and at this/that time。 be about to do...when...正打算做……這時…… be just going to do...when...正要做……這時…… had just done...when...剛做了……這時…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……這時…… ①They had just arrived home __when__ it rained. 他們剛到家，雨就下起來了。 ②He was about __to go__ (go) out when the telephone rang. 他正要出去，就在這時電話響了。 ③__Hardly__ (hard) had he got home when he received a call from his boss. 他剛到家就接到了老板的電話。 ④單句語法填空(2017全國卷Ⅱ)Just last year, I __was conducting__ (conduct) a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. 【閱讀理解】 A new “smart bin” could mean the end of environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins, cartons, bottles, and cardboard for recycling. The invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate. It is being trialed in Poland and is set to go on sale in UK within a few years. The bin, designed by start-up pany Bin.E, recognizes different type of waste via a system positioned inside the bin which uses sensors, image recognition and artificial intelligence. Once waste is placed inside, the camera and sensor identify its type and place it in one of the smaller bins. Then it presses the waste so it occupies less space. It is thought that the bin could be stocked by department stores such as John Lewis, which said it is introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins. Matt Thomas, a buyer at John Lewis, gave us the reason, “We’ve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sales, with a 25 percent increase in the last few months alone. We have noticed our customers are being more and more focused on sustainability. In response to this demand, we are really excited to introduce a smart bin this autumn/winter season-designed to make recycling more efficient and functional for the everyday home." Bin. E’s official release on the market will take place in 2018. However, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available. The office bin will sell at 430 while customers will need to pay a 107 subscription fee for an acpanying smartphone app, which hooks them up with collection services. A spokesman at Bin. E said that home version of the bin will be cheaper and will not include a monthly payment. They added: “After the office version, we plan to create an outdoor version and later the home version. We decided to go for the outdoor version for public areas first because it is more difficult to organize an efficient waste segregating system than in our homes.” 1.What do we know about about a new “smart bin” from the first paragraph? A. It works automatically. B. It has been used widely. C. It is easy to operate. D. It is very expensive. 2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The waste. B. The camera. C. The bin. D. The sensor. 3.Why is John Lewis introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins? A. To change people’s behaviour, B. To satisfy increasing demands. C. To popularize new technology. D. To make them more famous. 4.Where will the first version of new “smart bin” be used according to Bin. E’s official? A. At home. B. In the supermarket. C. In the open air. D. In the office. 【文章大意】本文介紹了一款可以智能分類垃圾的“智能垃圾箱”。并對它的設計，市場應用進行了介紹。 2.C 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上段The invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate這項發(fā)明可以幫助垃圾分類，可知it指代the smart bin，故選C。 4.D 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章However, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available.最初只有一個為辦公室設計的更大膽版本才可以使用?？芍畛跏窃谵k公室使用，故選D。