【人教版】新目標(biāo)七年級上英語期末語法與寫作訓(xùn)練學(xué)案精修版

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1、人教版英語精品資料（精修版） 新七年級英語(上冊)語法復(fù)習(xí) 一代詞 1、人稱代詞和物主代詞 人稱代詞 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 主格 I we you you she\ he\ it they 賓格 me us you you her\ him\ it them 物主代詞 形物代 my our your your her \his\ its their 名物代 . 2、指示代詞 （1）、this“這” ,其復(fù)數(shù)形式 these “這些” ,指代近

2、處的人或物體 ; （2）、that“那” ,其復(fù)數(shù)形式 those“那些” ,指代遠(yuǎn)處的人或物。 3、指示代詞 this that these those 作主語,一般疑問句的簡略回答 （1）、Is this / that your aunt ? Yes , it is . No , it isn’t . ↘簡略回答時,用主格代詞 it 代替 （2）、Are these / those your uncles ? Yes , they are . No , they aren’t . ↘簡略回答時,用主格代詞 they 代替 二、名詞 名詞: 名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。

3、1、不可數(shù)名詞:表示的事物,其數(shù)量不可以數(shù)清或者難以數(shù)清。例如: water “水” , “水”的數(shù)量不可以數(shù)清; rice “大米,谷?！?, 其 數(shù)量難以數(shù)清。不可數(shù)名詞用法上有兩大特點: (1)、沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式; (2)、不能用不定冠詞 a / an 、基數(shù)詞、many 修飾。 2、可數(shù)名詞:表示的事物,其數(shù)量可以數(shù)清 。可數(shù)名詞用法上的特點: (1)、有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式; (2)、能用不定冠詞 a / an 、基數(shù)詞、many 修飾。 3、單數(shù)名詞后加 s 或 es 變成復(fù)數(shù)名詞。單數(shù)名詞后加 s 或 es 的方法如下: (1)、 一般情況,名詞后直接加 s (清輔音

4、后讀 / s /, 濁輔音后讀/ z /) 例如: parents“雙親” ;aunts“阿姨” ;friends“朋友” (2)、以字母 e 結(jié)尾的名詞,直接加 s (讀 / z /) 例如: uncles“叔叔” ;pictures“圖畫” (3)、以字母 O 結(jié)尾的名詞,有的加 s ,有的加 es (讀 / z /) 例如: photos“照片” ;tomatoes“西紅柿” ; (4)、以“輔音字母 + y”結(jié)尾的名詞,變 y 為 i,加 es (讀 / z /) 例如:family → families; party → parties (5)、以 s x ch sh

5、 結(jié)尾名詞,直接加 es(讀 / Iz/) 例如: buses“公共汽車” boxes“盒子” wishes“希望” watches“手表” (6)、少數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的,有特殊形式。 man → men woman → women people → people child—children (7)knife的復(fù)數(shù)形式是knives 4、名詞所有格 :表示“某人的” , 名詞 + ’ 或 ’s 構(gòu)成 。其規(guī)則如下: (1)、一般情況下,名詞后直接加 ’s: Jim’s (吉姆的); my mother’s(我的母親的) 2、以 s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)

6、名詞,直接加 ’: my friends’ (我的朋友的);his students’ 3、一個 人或物 屬各自所有的或者幾個人共有,變成所有格。 Jim’s and Kate’s aunts 吉姆的阿姨和凱特的阿姨 Jim and Kate’s birthday 吉姆和凱特(共有)的生日 三、冠詞 只有不定冠詞a (an)和定冠詞the 兩個，不用冠詞叫零冠詞。 1、不定冠詞a和an ： a用在輔音前，如 a pen a chair ; an 用在元音前。an old teacher an Eng

7、lish book 注意輔音字母第一個音是元音的情況：F H L M N S X這七個字母的第一個音是元音在說一個以上字母時要用an ,如an“F” (一個F) ;同時注意字母U,它是元音字母，但它的第一個音是輔音，因此說一個U，應(yīng)為 a “U” 2、定冠詞the：當(dāng)一個名詞第二次出現(xiàn)時前面用the 。 注意在三餐飯（breakfast、 lunch 、dinner ）前不用the ,月份和星期前都不用the ,體育活動的球類運(yùn)動前面不用the 。 如:have dinner \ in January \ December \ Sunday \ play basketball pl

8、ay tennis (volleyball \ soccer \ Ping Pong \ chess \ baseball) 3、如單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有this、that、my等代詞修飾時，則不再使用a或an。 四、數(shù)量詞 1、基數(shù)詞 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen 2、序數(shù)詞 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth 口訣：1、first, s

9、econd, third特殊記；4到19加th,注意fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 2、整數(shù)則是去y變ie, 加th， 如：twentieth； 3、表示“幾十幾”，整數(shù)為基數(shù)詞，個數(shù)為序數(shù)詞 如：thirty-third fifty-fifth 五、介詞 介詞：本冊的介詞較少，主要用在介詞短語里面，如 on：on sale (銷售) \ on April 8th, (在四月八日) \ on the desk (在桌子上) \ on TV (在電視上) in：in English (用英語) \ in the afternoon (在下午) \

10、in the case (在盒子里) \ T-shirt in red (紅色T恤) \ be in the movie（出演這部電影）\ in September (在九月) be in our school music festival （參加我們學(xué)校的音樂節(jié)） at：call sb.at 3356 (撥打3356找某人) \ at your school (在你們學(xué)校里) \ at Huaxing Clothes Store （在華興服裝店）\ at a very good price (以非常優(yōu)惠的價格) \ at six (六點鐘) have

11、 a look at (看一看) of：a set of (一串…) \ the photo of your family (你的全家照) \ lots of =a lot of (許多) \ date of birth（birthday）(生日) with：with sb. (同某人一起) \ be good with (和…相處得好) \ help sb. with sth. (幫助某人做某事) for：thanks for =thank you for (謝謝某人的….) \ bag for sports (運(yùn)動包) \ pants for $30 (賣30元的褲子) \

12、 see for yourself (親自看看) \ for girls (對女孩子來說) \ like sth. for lunch (喜歡吃……當(dāng)作午餐) about：about Chinese history (有關(guān)中國歷史) under：under the desk (在桌子下面) 六、形容詞 本冊所學(xué)的形容詞不多，注意拼法和反義詞 big (small) long (short) sad (happy) boring (interesting\funny ) exciting difficult relaxing great healthy old

13、(new) successful white (black) 七副詞 副詞：除疑問副詞外，本冊的副詞有only too very well often also really 副詞only often also really 等在句中的位置都是在行為動詞前面或是系動詞的后面。 注意幾組詞的區(qū)別： 1、too 和also ：too一般放在句子的末尾，also在行為動詞前面或是系動詞的后面。 2、well 和 good ：兩個詞都有“好”的意思，但well 是副詞，而good 是形容詞，well修飾動詞，放在動詞的后面，good 修飾名詞，放在名詞的前面。如play

14、basketball well speak English well a good student Good morning 八、連詞 連詞：本冊所學(xué)連詞有and but or then and 連接兩個詞或兩個句子，表示前后的句子意思順接。 如：I like thrillers and I like action movies. but 連接兩個句子，表示后面意思轉(zhuǎn)折。 如：He likes tomatoes but she doesn’t like broccolis or 表示選擇關(guān)系。如

15、：Can you play the piano or the violin? then表示動作的先后順序。 九、動詞及句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1、 動詞的種類(四類) （1）系動詞：如 be動詞(is am are)；become，sound等 （2）情態(tài)動詞如 can 、may、need； （3）助動詞（ do does）； （4）行為動詞如 take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、play、see、go、watch 等 2、 動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)（與名詞的復(fù)數(shù)一樣 ） 如 eat(eats) take (takes) buy

16、 (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is) 3、 動詞的時態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時 ） （ 1）含有be動詞的 有be動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時，將be動詞放到句首，（注意第一人稱變?yōu)榈诙朔Q Are you a Chinese boy ? Is she twelve ? Is he Tim’s brother ? 含有be動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在“be 動詞后+not”， 注意： some→any and→or I’m not a Chinese boy. She isn’t twel

17、ve . He is not Tim’s btother . Her mother isn’t an English teacher . (2)含有情態(tài)動詞的句子 （ can等，以can為例 ）, She can play basketball. His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs. 含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只須將“情態(tài)動詞放到句首”， Can she play basketball ? Can his mother’s cousin sing

18、many English songs ? 含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變否定句時直接在情態(tài)動詞的后邊加上not 。 注意： some→any and→or 例：She can not play basketball . His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs . (3)含有行為動詞的句子 We have many friends. They watch TV at 7 in the evening . The students take their book

19、s to school . I have lunch at school . You have a sister . 含有行為動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時要在原句子的前面加do. Do you have many friends ? Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ? Do the students take their books to school ? Do you have lunch at school ? Do you have a sist

20、er ? 含有行為動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在行為動詞前加don’t . 注意： some→any and→or We don’t have many friends. They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening . The students don’t take their books to school . I don’t have lunch at school . You don’t have a sister . 含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時

21、，行為動詞要加s (或es)如： She has a red pen . He has eggs for breakfast . Her mother buys a skirt for her . She likes thrillers . My brother watches TV every evening . He wants to go to a movie . 含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，變一般疑問句要“加does ,行為動詞要還原”。Does she have a red pen ?

22、 Does he have eggs for breakfast ? Does her mother buy a skirt for her ? Does she like soccer？ Does your brother watch TV every evening ？ 含行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，變否定句時“在行為動詞前面加doesn’t , 同時原行為動詞要還原”。 注意： some→any and→or ◆、be動詞： be動詞有三兄弟：is，am, are 。I(我)用am, you(你)用are,

23、 is跟著he(他) she(她) it(它)，we(我們) you(你們)和they(他們)，復(fù)數(shù)（兩人以上）永遠(yuǎn)連著are. 2、主語（非第三人稱單數(shù)）+行為動詞原形+其他 （用助動詞do 幫助構(gòu)成否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問） 主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+行為動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)+其他（用助動詞does 幫助構(gòu)成否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句） 行為動詞第三人稱單數(shù)加-s的形式 1.- s 2. 輔音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾watch-watches teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes ●do 類動

24、詞（行為動詞）用原型或第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 “原形動詞 + s / es”構(gòu)成“第三人稱單數(shù)形式”,與單數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)名詞方法一樣。 (1)、一般情況,動詞后直接加 s (清輔音后讀 / s /,濁輔音后讀/ z /) 例如:brings 帶來 calls 打電話 meets 遇見 needs 需要 (2)、以字母 e 結(jié)尾的動詞,直接加 s (讀 / z /) 例如:likes 喜歡 takes 帶走 (3)、以字母 s x ch sh o 結(jié)尾的動詞,加 es ( 讀 / z / 或 / Iz/) 例如: does 做 goes 走,去 watches 觀看 (4)、以“輔音字母

25、 + y”結(jié)尾的名詞,變 y 為 i,加 es (讀 / z /) 例如: study → studies 學(xué)習(xí)( 思考:enjoy play have 的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是 ) ★、本冊出現(xiàn)的短語 first name 名字 last name/ family name 姓氏phone number 電話號碼 an ID card 一張身份證 pencil box 鉛筆盒 computer game 電腦游戲 play comput

26、er games玩電腦游戲 lost and found 失物招領(lǐng) call sb．a(chǎn)t 347-2365 給某人打347-2365 a set of keys 一串鑰匙 in English 用英語 an eraser 一塊鉛筆擦 pen friend 筆友 a photo of your family 你家人的照片 thanks for 為…感謝 on the sofa 在沙發(fā)上 in the desk 在桌子里

27、 under the chair 在椅子下 on the floor 在地板 math book 數(shù)學(xué)書 bring sth. to sb. 把…帶(來)給某人 take sth to sb. 把…拿(去)給某人 play basketball 打籃球 play ping-pong /table tennis 打乒乓球 play volleyball 打排球 play soccer/football 踢足球 play baseball 打棒球

28、 play tennis 打網(wǎng)球 tennis racket 網(wǎng)球拍 every day 每天 play／do sports做運(yùn)動 watch TV 看電視 watch sth. on TV 在電視上觀看… some tomatoes 幾個西紅柿 ice cream 冰淇淋 lots of = a lot of 許多,大量 some photos 一些／幾張相片 have/eat chicken 吃雞肉

29、healthy food健康食品。 have/eat lunch 吃午飯 have/eat breakfast 吃早飯 have/eat dinner(supper) 吃晚飯 how much 多少錢 here you are 給你 you're welcome 不客氣 have a look at 看一看… bag for sports運(yùn)動包 two dollars 兩美元

30、 seven yuan 七元(人民幣) what color 什么顏色 a good price價格合適 come and see for yourself親自來看看 be on sale大廉銷 ,大減價 birthday party 生日聚會 date of birth (=birthday ) 生日 speech contest 演講比賽 school trip郊游, 校游 school day 作息日，校日 basketball gam

31、e 籃球賽 art Festival 藝術(shù)節(jié) how old 幾歲 fifteen years old 15歲 have math 上數(shù)學(xué)課 Chinese teacher 語文老師 on Monday 在周一 on May 2nd 在五月二日 on Sunday morning 在星期天上午 at home 在家 First name: Mike Last name: Hand T

32、elephone number:5554-3678 what color 什么顏色 七年級英語上冊期末作文輔導(dǎo) Unit1認(rèn)真閱讀以下表格，，請根據(jù)表格中的內(nèi)容寫4-5句話來介紹一下自己的情況。 Hello! My name is Mike Hand. My first name is Mike. My last name is Hand. My Telephone number is 5554-3678,Bey-bey! Unit 2.介紹你的全家福。 Hello! My name is Dave .This is my family photo. These

33、 are my grandfather and grandmother .These are my mother and father .Those are my uncle and aunt. This is my brother. That is my cousin. It ‘s me. I love them very much. Unit 3.用英語寫一則失物啟事和招領(lǐng)啟事. Jane 在學(xué)校里丟失了一個黑色的背包，里面有一些書、兩張CD和一張身份證，她的電話是22266300，請你寫一張尋物啟事吧。 Lost My name is Jane. I lost my blac

34、k backpack at school. There are some books , two CDs and an ID card in the backpack. Please call me at 22266300. 2. Cindy 撿到一個戒指,她的電話號碼是456—3929 Found: Ring. Is this your ring? Please call Cindy at 456—3929. Unit4:介紹你自己的房間 Hello! This is

35、 my room. There is a table, a bed, a chair, a desk and a bookcase in the room. Some plants(植物) are on the table. My backpack is on the desk and my hat is on the chair .Some things are under the bed .My basketball is on the floor. And those are my books. They are in the bookcase. It’s very tidy. I li

36、ke my room very much. UNIT5:寫一篇文章介紹你的朋友JIM所擁有的體育器材和他喜歡的體育運(yùn)動。 Jim likes sports very much, because he thinks sports are good for health. He has many sports things. He has 10 basketballs, 4 footballs, 2 ping-pong balls, and 15 volleyballs. He doesn’t have baseballs. He likes tennis best. He often p

37、lays tennis and basketball with his friends after school. He watches them on TV. UNIT6.介紹歌星Julia 一日三餐的健康飲食. Singing star（歌星） Julia eats well. For breakfast, she has two eggs, milk and an apple. For lunch, she likes a hamburger and tomatoes. She likes rice for dinner. She eats lots of healthy food

38、every day. She is very healthy. UNIT7.為便民服裝店的商品寫一則廣告. Come and have a look at Bianmin Clothes Store. We have lots of sweaters for ￥38 each! Do you need bags for sports or school? We have great bags for only ￥8 each! For girls, we have T-Shirts in all colors for only ￥28! For boys, we have shorts

39、 for sports for just ￥18！We also have socks at a very good price . Come and see for yourself! Friday Time Subject 8:00-8:50 English 9:10-10:00 Chinese 10:10-11:00 math 2:00-2:50 history 3:00-3:50 art 4:00-4:50 music U8 請你根據(jù)下列課程安排寫一封信，告訴你的朋友你上星期五的上課情況。 How

40、 are you? Let me tell you about my classes. On Friday, I have six classes. I have three classes in the morning and three in the afternoon. In the morning, classes begin at 8:00 and finish at 11:00.We have English, Chinese and math. In the afternoon, classes begin at 2:00 and finish at 4:50. We have

41、history, art and music. What about you? Please write to me soon. UNIT9 My friend（我的朋友） I have a friend. Her name is Mary. She is 13 years old. She has a happy family. Her birthday is on August 8th. She likes hamburgers for dinner at 6:30pm. Her favorite sport is volleyball. Her favorite subjects are music, English and PE. She thinks music is relaxing, English is interesting, and PE is fun. This is my friend, do you have a friend?