2019高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 600分策略 專題4 語法填空和短文改錯 第3講 短文改錯素能強化.doc

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短文改錯 真題題組 1 (2018全國Ⅲ) It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent，wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework，but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment，I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks，and mistake as well. ” Immediate，I raised my hand. 答案： It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just . Everyone was silent， to see who would be called upon to read his her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious. I had done homework，but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a group of people. At that moment，I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that learning from textbooks，and as well. ” ，I raised my hand. 文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，描寫了作者在寫作課上的心理活動。作者雖然完成了作業(yè)，但還是害羞，不敢在很多人面前讀文章。作者突然想起父親曾經(jīng)說過的話，受到了鼓舞，于是舉起了手。 ?　解析：begin→begun　句法錯誤。由語境可知，此處是過去完成時，要用“had＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。begin的過去分詞為begun。 ?　解析：wait→waiting　句法錯誤。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，was為謂語動詞，主語I與wait之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。 ?　解析：and→or　行文邏輯錯誤。his與 her之間為選擇關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系，故用or。 ?　解析：eager后加to　詞法錯誤。(be) eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，為固定搭配。 ?　解析：myself→my/the　詞法錯誤。do one’s/the homework 為固定搭配，意為“做家庭作業(yè)”。 ?　解析：去掉afraid后的that　句法錯誤。be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事。 ?　解析：larger→large　詞法錯誤。由語境可知，前后沒有比較的意味，故用原級。 ?　解析：include→includes　句法錯誤。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾place，關(guān)系代詞替代place在從句中作主語，從句謂語動詞的數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致。 ?　解析：mistake→mistakes　詞法錯誤。句意：……從書本和錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)。mistake是可數(shù)名詞，此處所指的“錯誤”不止一個，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 　解析：Immediate→Immediately　詞法錯誤。放于句首，作句子狀語，要用副詞。 2 (2017全國Ⅲ) When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically，and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and bee a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time： car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. 答案： When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies. I grown not only physically， also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was ，I entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things were very important in my life at that time： car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days. ?　解析：刪除of。考查介詞。realize后接賓語從句，介詞of多余。 ?　解析：had改為have?？疾闀r態(tài)。由時間狀語“in the past few years”可知，此處強調(diào)的是發(fā)生在過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。 ?　解析：and改為but?？疾檫B詞。not only. . . but also. . . 是固定搭配。 ?　解析：took改為taken。考查語態(tài)。photo與take為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。take的過去分詞是taken。 ?　解析：bee改為became?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)?！拔摇边M入高中第二學(xué)年并成為學(xué)校音樂俱樂部的新成員這一系列動作發(fā)生在過去，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用became。 ?　解析：picture前面加this或者the?？疾橄薅ㄔ~/冠詞。picture作“照片”之意講時是可數(shù)名詞，因為上文已提到過這張照片，因此要用定冠詞the表特指，或者用this。 ?　解析：they改為that或which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。things是個名詞，后面接了一個定語從句，修飾先行詞things，既可以用that也可以用which作關(guān)系代詞。 ?　解析：difference改為different?？疾樾稳菰~。名詞kinds前需要形容詞來修飾，因此把名詞difference改為形容詞different。 ?　解析：late改為latest。考查形近詞辨析。結(jié)合句意，這里表示收集最新的音樂專輯，故將late改為latest。 　解析：your改為my。考查人稱指代一致。全文介紹的是“我”的故事，因此這里應(yīng)該是“我”高中時期的回憶。 3 (2017全國Ⅰ) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday，I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders，so once I started the car，my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. 答案： In the summer holiday following my birthday，I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders， once I started the car，my mind blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the ，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “ left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes ，the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road. ?　解析：eighteen改為eighteenth。考查序數(shù)詞。“我的18歲生日”，應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞eighteenth。 ?　解析：在first day前加the或my。由序數(shù)詞first可知，其前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。也可以用形容詞性物主代詞my修飾first day。 ?　解析：so改為but或yet?？疾樯舷挛牡倪壿嬯P(guān)系。根據(jù)語境可知，前后兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故把so改為but或yet。 ?　解析：goes改為went?？疾闀r態(tài)。本文講述作者18歲生日后的那個暑假發(fā)生的事情，且通篇以過去時為主。此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，故把goes改為went。 ?　解析：word改為words?？疾槊~的數(shù)。根據(jù)下文可知，教練發(fā)出了很多指令，故用word的復(fù)數(shù)形式words。 ?　解析：Turning改為Turn。考查謂語動詞。此處為祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故改為動詞原形Turn。 ?　解析：刪除so后的much?？疾楣潭ň湫汀４颂幒小皊o. . . that. . . ”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，句中的much多余，故刪除。 ?　解析：late改為later?？疾楦痹~。late意為“遲，晚”?！耙欢螘r間＋later”表示“一段時間之后”，故把late改為later。 ?　解析：suddenly改為sudden?？疾樾稳菰~。該句中的名詞stop應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，所以把suddenly改為sudden。 　解析：on改為of。考查固定搭配。in the middle of意為“在……的中間”，故把on改為of。 4 (2016全國Ⅰ) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams being rich in the short period of time. Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady. 答案： My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live. Though not very big， but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is . Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreamsbeing rich in short period of time. Instead，he hopes that business will grow . ?　解析：that→where?？疾橘e語從句。此處表達的是“靠近我所居住的地方”，故需將that改為where。where在此引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作地點狀語。 ?　解析：but去掉。考查連詞。從屬連詞Though(雖然)不可與并列連詞but(但是)一起使用，故需去掉but。 ?　解析：had→have?？疾闀r態(tài)。整篇文章都是以現(xiàn)在時態(tài)寫的，所以需將一般過去時改為一般現(xiàn)在時。 ?　解析：honest→honesty。考查名詞。根據(jù)語境“我叔叔告訴我他成功的關(guān)鍵在于誠實”可知，此處該用名詞形式作表語。 ?　解析：or→and。考查并列連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處不是表示選擇關(guān)系，而是表示“新鮮的蔬菜和優(yōu)質(zhì)的油”，故把or改為and。 ?　解析：using→used?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。fresh vegetables和high quality oil與use之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。 ?　解析：being前加of?？疾榻樵~。dream of doing sth. 是固定搭配，意為“夢想做某事”。 ?　解析：the→a?？疾楣谠~。此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞a，in a short period of time意為“短期內(nèi)”。 ?　解析：our→his?？疾榇~。由語境及主語he可知，此處指的是叔叔的生意，故將our改為his才合乎語境。 　解析：steady→steadily?？疾楦痹~。修飾動詞grow該用副詞，所以應(yīng)用steady的副詞形式steadily。 模擬題組 1 (2018廣州市高三年級調(diào)研考試) I took part in a teenage summer camp last month. We helped at a national park in a week. We did different things every day, so I did get a bit annoyed because we had cheese sandwiches every lunchtime. It was really good fun, although we work incredibly hard. One day, the schedule was changed at the last minute, and instead of our planned active, we all helped the staff to finish cut the weeds by the lake. That was the much toughest day—and also the best. Every day, they took turns to cook in teams of five. When it was our team’s turn, we made a simply dinner for everyone. Judging by the fact that there was no left, I think that our team did great job. 答案： I took part in a teenage summer camp last month. We helped at a national park a week. We did different things every day, I did get a bit annoyed because we had cheese sandwiches every lunchtime. It was really good fun, although we incredibly hard. One day, the schedule was changed at the last minute, and instead of our planned ， we all helped the staff to finish the weeds by the lake. That was the much toughest day—and also the best. Every day, took turns to cook in teams of five. When it was our team’s turn, we made a dinner for everyone. Judging by the fact that there was left, I think that our team did great job. ?　解析：in改為for?？疾榻樵~。句意：我們在一個國家公園幫了一周的忙。介詞for后可跟時間段，表示“持續(xù)多長時間”。in a week意為“一周后”。 ?　解析：so改為but。考查連詞。句意：我們每天做不同的事情，但我的確有點生氣，因為我們每頓午餐都吃奶酪三明治。根據(jù)句意可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用連詞but。 ?　解析：work改為worked。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)前半句中的動詞was可知，此處講述發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故將work改為worked。 ?　解析：active改為activity/activities?？疾槊~。句意：一天，安排在最后一分鐘變了，取代計劃好的活動，我們幫助工作人員除完了湖邊的草。planned“有計劃的”是形容詞，后面應(yīng)接名詞，故應(yīng)將active改為activity/activities。 ?　解析：cut改為cutting?？疾閯用~。finish doing sth. 為固定用法，意為”完成做某事”，故應(yīng)用動名詞cutting作動詞finish的賓語。 ?　解析：刪除much。考查副詞。句意：那是最艱難的一天，也是最棒的一天。最高級前面不需要much，very等副詞來修飾，故刪除much。 ?　解析：they改為we?？疾榇~。根據(jù)上文可知，此處講的是作者及夏令營其他成員參加活動的情況，故應(yīng)用代詞we。 ?　解析：simply改為simple?？疾樾稳菰~。句意：當(dāng)輪到我們組的時候，我們?yōu)槊總€人做了頓簡單的飯。修飾名詞dinner應(yīng)用形容詞simple。 ?　解析：no改為nothing/none。考查代詞。句意：從什么/一點兒也沒剩下這個事實判斷，我認為我們組做得不錯。no不可以當(dāng)代詞，故應(yīng)用nothing/none。 　解析：did后加a?？疾楣谠~。do a great job“做得好”，job為可數(shù)名詞且其發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故前面應(yīng)加冠詞a。 2 (2018洛陽市高三第一次統(tǒng)一考試) In my spare time, I often read some books written by famous writers in or abroad. I ever read China’s Four Great Classical novel such as Journey to the West. Beside, I enjoy reading Tang poetry. I have been writing from I was nine years old. I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of being writer. They laughed out happy when they read the short story I write about robots. They think that my story is well worth read and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve their dream. 答案： In my spare time, I often read some books written by famous writers in abroad. I ever read China’s Four Great Classical such as Journey to the West. ， I enjoy reading Tang poetry. I have been writing I was nine years old. I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of being writer. They laughed out when they read the short story I about robots. They think that my story is well worth and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve dream. ?　解析：or改為and?？疾椴⒘羞B詞。此處應(yīng)用and表示“和”。 ?　解析：novel改為novels?？疾槊~。根據(jù)上文中的“Four”可知，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故把novel改為novels。 ?　解析：Beside改為Besides。考查副詞。此處表示“我”曾經(jīng)讀過中國的四大名著，比如《西游記》。除此之外，“我”還喜歡讀唐詩。故用副詞Besides表示“除此之外”。 ?　解析：from改為since?？疾檫B詞。此處表示從9歲開始“我”就一直寫作。since意為“自……以來”，用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。 ?　解析：刪除am?？疾閯釉~。am和remember是兩個動詞，且此處主謂之間為主動關(guān)系，因此am多余。此處表示記得第一次”我”和父母談?wù)摗拔摇毕氤蔀橐晃蛔骷业膲粝耄蕜h除am。 ?　解析：在writer前加a?？疾楣谠~。writer是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，所以前面需要加冠詞；此處表泛指，且writer的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故應(yīng)用a。 ?　解析：happy改為happily?？疾楦痹~。laughed out是動詞短語，應(yīng)用副詞修飾，副詞作狀語，故把happy改為happily。 ?　解析：write改為wrote?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。此處講述的是過去的事情，且根據(jù)“l(fā)aughed out”為一般過去時可知，此處也應(yīng)用一般過去時。 ?　解析：read改為reading?？疾楣潭ù钆洹e worth doing sth?！爸档米瞿呈隆?，故應(yīng)把read改為reading。 　解析：their改為my?？疾榇~。根據(jù)人稱一致的原則，上文中提到了“我”想成為一位作家的夢想，故此處應(yīng)把their改為my。 3 (2018太原市二模) Do you believe love is the most important? In the early twenty century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in that they received little love. At one time, Dr. Skeels took twelve children from an orphanage or had a young girl look them each day. He also studied another twelve children who are left in the orphanage all day long. He followed these children not until they grew up, and the results were shocked. The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses. However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and independently. The only difference between the life of these children—the love, made a great difference to us. 答案： Do you believe love is the most important? In the early century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in they received little love. At one time, Dr. Skeels took twelve children from an orphanage had a young girl look them each day. He also studied another twelve children who left in the orphanage all day long. He followed these children not until they grew up, and the results were . The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses. However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and . The only difference between the of these children—the love, made a great difference to . ?　解析：twenty改為twentieth?？疾樾驍?shù)詞。該處指“在20世紀早期”，即“第20世紀”，故用序數(shù)詞。 ?　解析：that改為which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：在20世紀早期，無家可歸的人通常在孤兒院長大，在那里他們得到很少的愛。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“orphanages”，作從句中介詞in的賓語，故用in which引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 ?　解析：or改為and。考查連詞。句意：Skeels博士曾經(jīng)從一所孤兒院領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了12個孩子，并讓一個年輕女孩每天照看他們。根據(jù)句意可知，“領(lǐng)養(yǎng)孩子”和“讓女孩照顧他們”之間為“順承”關(guān)系，故用and。 ?　解析：look后加after?？疾楣潭ù钆?。參見上題解析。look after為固定搭配，意為“照料，照看”。 ?　解析：are改為were?？疾閯釉~的時態(tài)。句意：他還研究了另外十二個整天留在孤兒院的孩子。根據(jù)該句中的過去式“studied”，并結(jié)合語境可知，此處敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時。 ?　解析：刪除not?？疾檎Z境。結(jié)合語境可知，他密切關(guān)注這兩組孩子，直到他們長大，其結(jié)果是令人驚訝的。故該處不用否定形式。 ?　解析：shocked改為shocking?？疾樾稳菰~。主語為“the results”，該處表示“令人驚訝的”，故用shocking；shocked表示“(人)感到驚訝的”，與語境不符。 ?　解析：independently改為independent。考查形容詞。根據(jù)該句中的“were”以及“and”可知，此處與“healthy”并列，故用形容詞作表語，故該處用independent。 ?　解析：life改為lives?？疾槊~的單復(fù)數(shù)。life作“生活”講時為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)該句中的“of these children”可知，該處表示“這些孩子的生活”，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 　解析：us改為them。考查人稱代詞。句意：這些孩子們生活中唯一的不同點——愛，對他們產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。根據(jù)該句中的“these children”可知，該處代指“這些孩子”，作介詞to的賓語，故用第三人稱賓格形式them。 4 (2018鄭州市二模) Last year my class went on the trip to the mountains for skiing. We have already been to the same place the year before and it had been a wonderfully experience. When we arrived at there, it had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible storm. At breakfast the next day, everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we decide to go anyway. When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing again. The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them since we were waiting for the weather to improve. But it didn’t and soon we really felt very frightening. Luckily, I had my cell phone in my bag. I called the emergency services, at last they sent a helicopter to save us. 答案： Last year my class went on trip to the mountains for skiing. We already been to the same place the year before and it had been a experience. When we arrived at there, it had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible . At breakfast the next day, everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we to go anyway. When we got to the mountain top, started snowing again. The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them we were waiting for the weather to improve. But it didn’t and soon we really felt very . Luckily, I had my cell phone in my bag. I called the emergency services, at last they sent a helicopter to save us. ?　解析：the改為a?？疾楣谠~。go on trip“去旅行”是固定搭配。 ?　解析：have改為had?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語“the year before”可知，這個動作發(fā)生在上文提到的Last year之前，所以要用過去完成時。 ?　解析：wonderfully改為wonderful。考查形容詞。修飾名詞experience，作定語，要用形容詞。 ?　解析：刪除at?？疾榻樵~。there是副詞，arrive為不及物動詞，故此處不需要加介詞。 ?　解析：storm改為storms?？疾槊~。根據(jù)前面的系動詞were可知，這里要用可數(shù)名詞storm“暴風(fēng)雨(雪)”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 ?　解析：decide改為decided?？疾闀r態(tài)。句子講述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故這里要用一般過去時。 ?　解析：that改為it?？疾榇~。談?wù)摃r間、日期、距離、天氣等時應(yīng)用it作主語，故將that改為it。 ?　解析：since改為when/while/as。考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，這里表示“在我們等待天氣轉(zhuǎn)好時”，所以要用連詞when/while/as。 ?　解析：frightening改為frightened?？疾樾稳菰~。此處表示“(人)感到害怕的”，故要用frightened。frightening表示“令人害怕的”。 　解析：at last前加and。考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，兩個句子之間是順承關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用并列連詞and。