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Unit 16 Stories 課時(shí)練1　閱讀理解提速練 閱讀理解 A (2018唐山一模)A new research brings some good news for lovers of spicy(辛辣的) foods, after finding that eating hot red chili peppers might help to extend lifespan(壽命)． Consuming hot red chili peppers might reduce death risk, say Chopan and Littenberg from the research team. In hot peppers，such as Mexico peppers, the strong flavor es from a pound(化合物)，which does not exist in sweet peppers or onions. Studies have suggested that this pound can offer wealth of health benefits. A study of more than 16，000 people in the United States showed that individuals who consumed red chili peppers had a lower risk of death from all causes over an average of 18 years than those who did not eat the spicy food. pared with participants who did not consume hot red chili peppers, those who did were found to be at a 13 percent reduced risk of all－cause death. For example, a recent study reported by Medical News Today, found that the pound might have the potential to stop breast cancer, while an earlier study linked the pound to a reduced risk of digest system cancers. Still, the available data suggested that hot red chili pepper consumption was most strongly associated with a reduced risk of death from heart disease. While the researchers are unable to identify the specific pound by which red chili peppers might extend lifespan, the team says that it is likely due to the pound that is effectively against obesity(肥胖癥)． Overall, the team says that these latest findings support those of the 2015 study, linking spicy foods intake to reduced risk of death by showing “a significant decrease in death associated with hot red chili pepper consumption”. However, Chopan and Littenberg note that the earlier study was only conducted in Chinese adults, so the new research makes these findings more credible． 【解題導(dǎo)語】　一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，食用紅辣椒之類的辛辣食物可能會(huì)降低死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，延長人類的壽命。 1．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The study only goes for American people. B．Red chili peppers can cure all－cause diseases. C．The pound protects people against obesity. D．Onion consuming can reduce death risk. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，盡管研究人員還不清楚到底是哪種具體的化合物能夠延長壽命，但是研究團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為可能是一種對(duì)防治肥胖癥有效的化合物。由此可以推斷，這種物質(zhì)能夠控制肥胖。故選C項(xiàng)。 2．What is the finding of the new research mainly about? A．Hot red chili pepper lovers develop no cancers. B．Hot red chili peppers help control breast illness. C．Hot red chili peppers decrease heart disease. D．Hot red chili pepper intake may increase lifespan. D　解析：推理判斷題。文章在第一段就提出了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)食用辛辣食物如紅辣椒能延長壽命，在下文中用具體的數(shù)據(jù)和例子來支持這一觀點(diǎn)。由此可知，這個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)主要是關(guān)于紅辣椒的食用可能會(huì)延長壽命。故選D項(xiàng)。 3．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “credible”？ A．Convincing.　　　　　 B．Practical. C．Encouraging. D．Attractive. A　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。文章第二段和第三段的數(shù)據(jù)和事例是在美國進(jìn)行的研究，畫線詞所在句則提到，以前的研究只是在中國成年人中進(jìn)行的，那么現(xiàn)在的研究結(jié)果使得這項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn)更加令人信服了。convincing意為“使人信服的”；practical意為“切實(shí)可行的”；encouraging意為“令人鼓舞的”；attractive意為“有吸引力的”。故選A項(xiàng)。 B (2018西寧檢測(cè))If you choose only to plain and escape from a misfortune, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise. In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father who was the main source of support for the family. Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother. For the sake of taking care of him, his younger brother became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes, he was pletely unable to do anything in his life. As the two brothers grew up together, they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to leave, living his own life, as many normal people do. So he was heart－broken and didn’t know what to do. A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night, her mother who suffered from chronic mental illness disappeared. Her father went out to look for her mother, leaving her alone at home. She tried to prepare meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove, resulting in a fire which took her hands away. Though her elder sister who was studying in another city showed her willingness to take care of her, she was determined to be pletely independent. At school, she always studied hard. Most of all she learned to be self－reliant. One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own, whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My younger brother’s arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過介紹兩個(gè)不同的故事啟迪我們積極勇敢地面對(duì)困難。 4．What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the author’s opinion? A．Trying to find an escape from it. B．Facing it bravely with a positive mind. C．Asking for help from your relatives. D．Ignoring it and living a normal life. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.”可推知，面對(duì)困難我們應(yīng)當(dāng)積極勇敢地面對(duì)，故B項(xiàng)正確。 5．After the accident, the boy____________． A．decided to live with his brother B．learnt to do things with his toes C．made a living all by himself D．depended wholly on his brother D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.”可知，失去雙臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D項(xiàng)正確。 6．Which of the following is TRUE of the girl? A．She lost her mother in an accident. B．Her sister took good care of her. C．She was optimistic and full of courage. D．She led a poor life with her father. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”，并結(jié)合第五段可知，她決定獨(dú)立生活，在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)；據(jù)此可知，女孩在事故后樂觀而堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。 7．What did the girl mean by “Broken wings, flying heart.”？ A．Never give up hopes in face of hardship. B．It’s not easy for her to live a normal life. C．If a bird loses its wings, it can not fly. D．If you lose your hands, your life will be hard. A　解析：句意理解題?！癇roken wings, flying heart.”為女孩用腳趾寫的話，意為“失去雙翼，心仍飛翔?！保唤Y(jié)合最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”和第五段可知，事故之后，她決定獨(dú)立生活，在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)，樂觀堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地面對(duì)生活；據(jù)此可知，該句是說“面對(duì)困難，永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄希望”，故A項(xiàng)正確。 C (2018廣州高考模擬)As a child，visiting the zoo was more a punishment than a treat.I didn’t find the chimps’ tea parties funny，nor the bird shows entertaining.Feeding time for seals was less painful，but their performances still seemed like they belonged more in a circus. And I hated circuses，especially the animal acts—men teasing lions，girls balancing on elephants and monkeys playing football.I knew that every trick a circus animal did was unnatural，achieved through strict training and quite possibly cruelty. Happily，during my lifetime public attitudes and the law have changed.Circuses using wild animals are now almost extinct，and zoos have definitely evolved. When my children were young，I occasionally took them to our local zoo.The elephants were in tiny cages and the gorillas looked bored as they sat peeling bananas and staring at teasing visitors.Each cage had a sign which listed the animal’s name and where it came from.But，back then，there was little information included about the environmental challenges they faced. As a result，environmentalists and animal lovers often oppose zoos.“Animals belong in the wild” is a mon and understandable plaint.But what do the animals themselves prefer? Generally speaking，zoo animals have a longer life.But—you may protest—they are not free.What? Free to be hunted and killed，free to die of hunger or thirst? Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isn’t so bad. Not that such conditions are acceptable in modern zoos，due to the work of BIAZA，the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums.These days every zoo requires BIAZA’s approval to operate，and the association sets the standards，observes conditions in zoos and develops animalresearch programmes，both in the UK and abroad.BIAZA also organises the animal exchanges between zoos all over the world. Consequently，today，most zoo animals are born and raised in zoos，live in large，fortable enclosures and are cared for by welltrained，knowledgeable and caring zoo employees.Of course it’s no substitute for living in the wild but unfortunately this isn’t always possible.Meanwhile，why not visit your local zoo and decide for yourself? 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要講述了現(xiàn)代的動(dòng)物園是如何得到改善的。 8．The passage is mainly about________． A．how zoos have improved B．whether a zoo should be closed down C．a(chǎn) new environmental organisation D．the difference between zoos and circuses A　解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要講述了現(xiàn)代的動(dòng)物園是如何得到改善的。 9．From Paragraph 2，we can guess that the writer believes circus animals________． A．had much shorter lives than those in the wild B．were not treated well by their trainers C．should have been placed in zoos D．were not as intelligent as those in zoos B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“I knew that every trick a circus animal did was unnatural，achieved through strict training and quite possibly cruelty.”可推知，馬戲團(tuán)的動(dòng)物有可能被馴獸師們虐待。 10．Which of the following roles are performed by BIAZA? A．Organising animal study projects and training zoo workers. B．Checking zoo conditions and arranging animal exchanges. C．Designing zoos and approving zoo operations. D．Caring for ill animals and setting zoo standards. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“These days every zoo requires BIAZA’s approval to operate，and the association sets the standards，observes conditions in zoos and develops animalresearch programmes，both in the UK and abroad.BIAZA also organises the animal exchanges between zoos all over the world.”可知，BIAZA會(huì)檢查動(dòng)物園的情況，安排動(dòng)物交換等活動(dòng)。 11．Which of the following statements about zoos would the writer agree with? A．Zoo animals should be freed into the wild. B．Zoos are more popular now than in the past. C．Zoo animals are more restricted than in the past. D．Zoos now provide caring living conditions for animals. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Consequently，today，most zoo animals are born and raised in zoos，live in large，fortable enclosures and are cared for by welltrained，knowledgeable and caring zoo employees.”可知，作者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)物園給動(dòng)物們提供了舒適和充滿關(guān)愛的環(huán)境。 D (2018云南高三11校跨區(qū)調(diào)研)If our kids don’t fall, they don’t learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. I’m the oldest of four children, and no doubt she’d had a long day with the other kids and it’d slipped her mind.After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom’s face that she’d forgotten me. Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me, but when the morning came, she refused.It was midterm, and as a straightA student ready to start college applications, being late wasn’t an option. In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and everything I’d worked for. But she held__her__ground,__and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests. My mom didn’t rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, I’ve realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. It’s how we selfeducate to learn what’s right and respectable, and what’s not. It’s how we bee responsible and enthusiastic. Falling down makes us better, because we learn how to get up. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文作者通過親身體會(huì)告訴我們：失敗讓我們變得更好，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谑≈袑W(xué)會(huì)成長。 12．Why did the author shout at her mother? A．Because she was tired after walking home. B．Because she missed some important tests. C．Because her mother had ruined her future. D．Because her mother didn’t pick her up home. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom’s face that she’d forgotten me.”可知，作者在學(xué)校等了一個(gè)小時(shí)，后來自己走回了家，因此她對(duì)媽媽沒有去學(xué)校接她非常生氣，故選D。 13．How does the author feel about her experience now? A．Disappointed.　　　　　　 B．Merciful. C．Beneficial. D．Embarrassed. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Now, as a mom myself, I’ve realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves.”說明作者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為她之前的經(jīng)歷對(duì)她是有益的(Beneficial)。 14．What does the underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Stuck to her decision. B．Gave in to me. C．Said yes to me. D．Stayed in the place. A　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“But she held__her__ground,__and that day, I walked to school.”中But的轉(zhuǎn)折意味以及后面作者仍然走著去上學(xué)可知，媽媽仍堅(jiān)持她的觀點(diǎn)，沒有送作者去上學(xué)。 15．What is the best title for the text? A．Offer Your Kids Help If Necessary B．Stop Rescuing Your Kids from Failure C．Be Responsible for Your Kids’ Failure D．Try to Meet Your Kids’ Demands B　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第三段和第四段的敘述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didn’t rescue me from failure.”及“I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves”可知，B項(xiàng)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。 七選五 (2018濰坊模擬) Tips for Teaching Kids Responsibility Your best friend has a teenager who helps with housework without being asked.Your cousin has a oneyearold child that puts her bottle in the sink when she finishes the milk, but no reminders are needed.1.________ Raising helpful, good kids who know how to make a sandwich is not a fantasy! The following tips can give you a better chance of raising a responsible child who then grows into a responsible adult. 2．________ You can’t suddenly spring responsibility on a teenager and expect he will know how to follow through.He needs time to practice and totally understand what responsibility means. Let kids help you.Don’t plain when it’s time to do housework.Smile and invite your son to help.3.________ He will take these good feelings and learn to take ownership of his home and feel pride in keeping it up. 4．________ Make responsibilities ageappropriate.You can show how to plete small tasks in daily life and perform them at a child’s skill level.For example, if your kid wants a snack, show him where the apples are and how to wash one off. Teach your child consequences.Learning to take care of his things also helps a child develop a sense of responsibility for his actions.Get your son to clean up after an art project, and inform him that he won’t be able to play with his crayons the next day if he leaves a messy table.5.________ The more you carry out the rules, the more likely he is to clean up without being asked. A．Have a sense of responsibility. B．Why do they make a sandwich for kids? C．Show kids how to perform responsibility. D．Where do these wonderful children e from? E．Teaching responsibility to kids needs to start early. F．When your child is invited to participate, he feels valued. G．Then take away his supplies if he does not take his responsibility. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　文章主要對(duì)如何讓自己的孩子變得有責(zé)任感給出幾點(diǎn)提示。 1．D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，你最好朋友的孩子不用告訴就知道做家務(wù)；你堂兄一歲的孩子知道喝完奶之后把奶瓶放在水槽里。下文接下來敘述的是幾條能夠幫助你的孩子有責(zé)任感的小建議。D項(xiàng)“那么這些完美的孩子都是從哪來的呢”緊密聯(lián)系上下文，符合題意。故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．E　解析：根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容可知，青少年不會(huì)突然就表現(xiàn)得有責(zé)任感，也不要期待他自己會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)。他需要一個(gè)練習(xí)的過程才能完全知道責(zé)任的含義。E項(xiàng)“需要早點(diǎn)開始教會(huì)孩子有責(zé)任感”能夠概括整段內(nèi)容，適合作為這一段的主旨句，符合題意。故E項(xiàng)正確。 3．F　解析：根據(jù)本段第一句“Let kids help you.”可知，本段的主題是“讓孩子來幫助你”。F項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你的孩子被邀請(qǐng)加入幫忙的時(shí)候，他會(huì)覺得自己有價(jià)值”與主題緊密聯(lián)系，符合題意。故F項(xiàng)正確。 4．C　解析：根據(jù)下文可知，你可以以孩子的技能水平向他們展示如何在日常生活中完成小任務(wù)。例如，如果你的孩子想要零食，那么就先告訴他蘋果放在哪里并且怎樣洗蘋果。C項(xiàng)“教會(huì)孩子如何表現(xiàn)得有責(zé)任感”能概括本段內(nèi)容，適合作為這一段的主旨句，符合題意。故C項(xiàng)正確。 5．G　解析：本段主要講的是教會(huì)你的孩子不管做什么事情都要想到后果，并且上文舉了一個(gè)例子，即告訴你的孩子如果他把桌子弄得凌亂而不去整理，那么第二天他就不能再玩他的蠟筆。G項(xiàng)“如果他沒有履行他的責(zé)任，那么就拿走他的東西”是對(duì)該事例的一個(gè)總結(jié)，符合題意。故G項(xiàng)正確。