山東省德州市樂陵市2019屆中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 議論文（含解析）.doc

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議論文 A Hello, xx! Happy New Year! Looking back at the past year, what were your highlights? Maybe you made good marks in your exams. Maybe you won a big prize in your school or company. Maybe you went abroad for further study. Maybe you became a parent. Whatever it was that you achieved, dont you find yourself wanting more? Thats the reason we keep making New Years resolutions(決心)一even though, a lot of the time, we can not make all of them come true! As we wish you all a very happy new year, we also wish you luck with your New Years resolutions for xx. Here are five tips to help you keep them. Hope they help! ◆Focus on one task at a time to increase your chances of success. ◆Dont make your resolutions too unrealistic or unavailable. ◆Create a step-by-step plan, outlining how youre going to achieve your goals. ◆Set daily reminders(提醒)for yourself on your phone or notebook to encourage you. ◆Focus on small changes in behavior and habit, not the end goal itself. In last weeks Chitchat(閑聊)，we asked you to tell us about your New Years resolutions. Lets take a look at some of the highlights on the website..… 1. Where is this passage most likely to be chosen from? A. A magazine. B. The Internet. C. A film. D. A game show. 2. What does the word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 mean? A. 最精彩的部分 B. 最難忘的部分 C. 最難受的部分 D. 最驚訝的部分 3. Which of the following is NOT RIGHT according to the passage? A. It is impossible for you to make all your resolutions come true in a year. B. Youd better make a step-by-step plan in order to meet your goals. C. You should do some tasks at a time to get success. D. Setting daily reminders can keep you working hard and not giving up. 【答案】 BAC【解析】【文章大意】制定新年決心是有必要的，但是如何去實(shí)現(xiàn)它們，本文告訴你一些方法。 根據(jù)文章的最后一句Lets take a look at some of the highlights on the website..…?？芍恼聛?lái)自網(wǎng)站。故選B。 根據(jù)單詞所在的句子Looking back at the past year, what were your highlights?回顧過去的一年，你的最精彩的部分是什么？可知highlights的意思是“最精彩的部分”。故選A。 根據(jù)文中句子Focus on one task at a time to increase your chances of success.可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選C。 B Why is pink or purple for girls and blue or brown for boys? The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. Green was a sacred (神圣) colour to the Egyptians, representing the hope and joy of spring. Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. In China, children are given money in a red package to bring good luck in the new year. For many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious (宗教的) beliefs. Greek people often wear a blue necklace to protect themselves. Peoples choice of colours is also influenced by their bodies reactions (反應(yīng)) towards them. Green is said to be the most restful colour. It can reduce pain and relax both body and mind. People who work in green environment have been found to have fewer stomach aches. Red can cause a persons blood pressure (血壓) to rise and increase peoples appetite (食欲). Many restaurants like to use different shades of red. Similarly, many websites will have a red "Buy Now" button because red is a colour that easily catches a persons eye. Blue is another calm colour. Unlike red, blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help. The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what colour to decorate your room, think about the colour carefully. 4. Egyptians think green is a sacred colour because of their ________. A. cultural values B. business purposes C. personal experiences D. bodies reactions 5. Why do Greek people often wear a blue necklace? ________. A. Because they think blue is a symbol of good luck B. Because they think blue is a symbol of spring C. Because they think blue is a symbol of hope D. Because they think blue is a symbol of protection 6. Why will many websites have a red "Buy Now" button? A. To relax peoples bodies and minds. B. To increase peoples appetite. C. To encourage people to buy it right now. D. To cause a persons blood pressure to rise. 7. What colour might help lose weight according to the article? A. Red. B. Blue. C. Orange. D. Purple. 8. Which of these would be the best title for the article? A. Colours and appetites. B. Colours and cultures. C. Colours and personal experiences. D. The meanings and functions of colours. 【答案】 ADCBD【解析】【文章大意】這篇文章主要講述的是不同的顏色在不同的文化中有不同的意義和作用。 根據(jù)第一段中The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. Green was a sacred colour to the Egyptians, representing the hope and joy of spring.可知本段講的是顏色的選擇受到文化價(jià)值的影響，故選A。 根據(jù)第一段最后一句Greek people often wear a blue necklace to protect themselves.可知希臘人戴藍(lán)色項(xiàng)鏈?zhǔn)菫榱吮Ｗo(hù)自己，故選D。 根據(jù)第三段中many websites will have a red "Buy Now" button because red is a colour that easily catches a persons eye.可知網(wǎng)站上購(gòu)買鍵用紅色是因?yàn)槟軌蛭櫩妥⒁猓瑥亩M(jìn)行購(gòu)買，故選C。 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，藍(lán)色能夠抑制食欲，從而幫助人達(dá)到減肥的效果，故選B。 根據(jù)文章大意可知，本文介紹了不同顏色的意義以及作用，故選D。 C Hollywood is a neighbourhood in Los Angeles, California. It used to be the historical centre of movie studios and movie stars. And the word "Hollywood" is often used as a metonymy (轉(zhuǎn)喻) of American cinema. But these are only memories. Hollywood isn?t quite the same as it used to be. Costs have gone up and confidence has gone down. Movie-makers are afraid to spend their money on expensive new ideas. Hollywood is facing big challenges! The film industry is changing fast. Teenagers still go out to see the movies. The theatre is a good place to meet friends away from home. But older people mostly stay at home to watch drama series, like Dynasty. These "soap operas", as they are called, show rich powerful families living in beautiful houses and wearing beautiful clothes. But the actors and actresses are nearly middle-aged. Though soap operas keep the movie-makers of Hollywood in business, big movies are still being made in America. But more and more of them are made outside Hollywood. New York is the most important new centre, and there are many others as well. Movie-makers have realized that they don?t need Hollywood any more. They use modern cameras and real houses instead of expensively made copies in a studio. Other states, especially Florida and Texas, are working hard to take the film business away from California. They are offering better working conditions and lower cost. 9. Hollywood reminds people of ________. A. business B. education C. cinema D. sports 10. The second paragraph mainly tells us about ________. A. actors and actresses at all ages B. soap operas C. what teenagers like D. Hollywood?s challenges 11. ________ is one of the most important film centres in America now. A. New York B. Hollywood C. Florida D. Texas 12. Now movie-makers use ________ instead of expensively made copies in a studio. A. cheaper things B. older actors C. real things D. old things 13. The best title for this passage is ________. A. Movies Americans like B. Hollywood is facing big challenges C. American new movie industry D. Film industries in America 【答案】 CDACB【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介紹了好萊塢曾是史上電影制片廠和電影明星的中心，但現(xiàn)在好萊塢和以前不一樣了，成本上升，信心下降。好萊塢正面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)！電影產(chǎn)業(yè)正在迅速變化。越來(lái)越多的人在好萊塢以外的地方制作，紐約是最重要的新中心。其他州，尤其是佛羅里達(dá)州和得克薩斯州，它們提供了更好的工作條件和更低的成本。 根據(jù)And the word "Hollywood" is often used as a metonymy of American cinema. But these are only memories.可知，Hollywood使人記起電影，故選C。 根據(jù)Hollywood is facing big challenges!可知，好萊塢正面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，故選D。 根據(jù)New York is the most important new centre.可知，New York現(xiàn)在已成為新的電影中心，故選A。 根據(jù)They use modern cameras and real houses instead of expensively made copies in a studio.可知，現(xiàn)在電影制作者使用真實(shí)的東西而非在錄音棚里制作昂貴的復(fù)制品，故選C。 根據(jù)本文主要敘述好萊塢正在經(jīng)歷巨大的挑戰(zhàn)可知，故選B。 D In modern times, everybody dreams of success. However, how can we achieve it? Some people believe that good luck is a key to success while others think that success depends on hard work. Of course, successful people are better at taking advantage of (利用) their chances. But if he works little or just waits for help, he would never achieve success. So these personalities—confidence, diligence (勤奮), devotion (奉獻(xiàn)), perseverance (堅(jiān)持) are the main factors (因素) to success. Confidence is the first key to success. Without self-confidence, people would be unable to get up after a fall. Thus, they would lose many chances for success. Confidence plays a main role in achieving success. Diligence, another factor, means noidling awaytime. Hard work makes a fool wise and a poor man rich. It helps us when we are in trouble. If we waste our time now, our life will be a failure (失敗). If we work hard now, we will be successful in the future. Devotion is the third key to success. No matter what we are doing, we must be devoted to it. At the same time if we want to do something well, we must love it. Only in this way can we do it best. Moreover, perseverance is also important. Without perseverance, we are likely to give up in face of difficulties, and we would miss the beautiful scene of success. In short, success is not something easy to achieve. People who dream of success must improve themselves in these four aspects (方面). 14. The expression "idling away" means "________". A. spending B. wasting C. sending D. using 15. Which personality is the most important according to the passage? A. Confidence. B. Diligence. C. Devotion. D. Perseverance. 16. Without perseverance, people will ________. A. have bad luck B. be unable to get up after a fall C. miss many beautiful views D. give up easily 17. Which of the following is NOT true if we want to be successful according to the article? A. We must work hard. B. We must be devoted to what we do. C. We cant ask others for help. D. We shouldnt give up. 18. Which is the best title for this article? A. Change your personality. B. Factors of personality. C. Factors of success. D. Importance of personality. 【答案】 BADCC【解析】【文章大意】本文主要討論了通往成功的鑰匙是好運(yùn)，還是依靠自己的努力，并介紹了通往成功需要自信、勤奮、奉獻(xiàn)和堅(jiān)持。 由If we waste our time now, our life will be a failure.可知，如果我們浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，我們的生活將會(huì)是失敗。進(jìn)一步推測(cè)Diligence, another factor, means no idling away time.的句意是：勤奮，另外一個(gè)因素，就是不浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。故選B。 由Confidence is the first key to success. 以及Confidence plays a main role in achieving success.可知答案，故選A。 由Without perseverance, we are likely to give up in face of difficulties, and we would miss the beautiful scene of success.可知答案，故選D。 由If we work hard now, we will be successful in the future.可知，A是對(duì)的；由No matter what we are doing, we must be devoted to it.可知，B是對(duì)的；由Without perseverance, we are likely to give up in face of difficulties, and we would miss the beautiful scene of success.可知，D是對(duì)的。故選C。 由本文主要討論了通往成功的鑰匙是好運(yùn)，還是依靠自己的努力，并介紹了通往成功需要自信、勤奮、奉獻(xiàn)和堅(jiān)持。選項(xiàng)C“成功的因素”符合題意，故選C。 A You may not realize it，but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school．School is also the place where you learn to get on well with people．But this is not always easy．What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates？ If you discover that you have problems getting on with your classmates or friends，the most important thing to learn is tolerance．Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others．We can not change the way that other people do，so it is important to learn to live happily with them． Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other．Getting to know someone may help you understand why they do things differently．Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad．Tolerance teaches us to keep atemperate and open mind． You need to remember an old saying，“Treat others how you want to be treated”．If you tolerate something，it does not mean that you have to like it．No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in．Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change． It is important to practice tolerance，because it will make everyone’s life easier．Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests．The world is very different，and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference． 19. This passage is trying to tell us ______． A. what’s important for a student B. what students should do at school C. how to treat people different from us D. how to get others to do things in the right way 20. From the first paragraph we know that at school ______． A. it’s easier for someone to hate others B. getting along with others is not a great deal C. most students are getting on well with each other D. students are learning other things besides studying 21. What is tolerance according to the passage？ ______ A. Accept people as they are． B. Believe you are always right． C. Expect everybody to be the same． D. Change yourself to please other people． 22. Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 3？ ______ A. gentle B. impolite C. active D. responsible 23. The last paragraph suggests that ______． A. tolerance can only be learnt at school B. living with people of the same interests is easier C. practicing tolerance at school can help make a better world D. people in different countries have different interests and abilities． 【答案】 CDAAC【解析】【文章大意】文章主要告訴我們應(yīng)該怎樣與不同的人相處。 通讀全文可知，文章主要告訴我們應(yīng)該怎樣與不同的人相處。?結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選C。 根據(jù)第一段句子but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school．School is also the place where you learn to get on well with people.可知答案，故選D。 根據(jù)句子Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.可知答案，故選A。 A.gentle溫柔的，溫和的；B.impolite不禮貌的；C.active積極的；D.responsible有責(zé)任的。根據(jù)句子Tolerance teaches us to keep atemperate and open mind.寬容教會(huì)我們保持溫和和開放的思想?？芍?jiǎng)澗€單詞atemperate的意思是溫和的，故選A。 根據(jù)句子Itisimportanttopracticetolerance，becauseitwillmakeeveryoneslifeeasier和句子practicingtoleranceinyourownschoolandcitycanhelpmakeadifference.可知在學(xué)校里練習(xí)寬容可以幫助這個(gè)世界更加美好。故選C。 B It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Such a thing can be found every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan. Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with them is not an easy job because dangerous poison like mercury(汞) and lead (鉛) can be found in them. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usuallyburied. It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth. Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong province is one of them. This town is named as “the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million years. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poison in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers, Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted. The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn’t do harm to the environment and people’s life. This year, China presents a new protection law, the strictest one we have ever had. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the companies that make computers know best how to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future. 24. The underlined word buried probably means ______ in the passage. A. 焚燒 B. 腐爛 C. 回收 D. 掩埋 25. Which of the following is TRUE about the town ofGuiyuin Guangdong Province? A. It is the e-capital of the world. B. It has serious e-waste pollution C. It deals with e-waste safely. D. It speeds much money on e-waste. 26. This year, the Chinese government __________. A. tried to change people’s life B. closed some computer companies C. made a new environment protection law D. asked people to hand in their old computers 27. What is the passage mainly about ? A. the way in dealing with e-waste B. the cost of dealing with e-waste C. the e-waste problem inChina D. the law against e-wastein China 【答案】 DBCC【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介紹了當(dāng)今世界一種新的垃圾（電子垃圾） 對(duì)中國(guó)環(huán)境的污染，用具體的數(shù)字向我們說明了它們對(duì)環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重性。為此中國(guó)政府采取了措施來(lái)減少它們對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。 由But at present, broken computer parts are usuallyburied.It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.可知，目前，壞電腦通常被“……”。它們?cè)谕寥览镆?jīng)過數(shù)百年才能消失。進(jìn)一步推測(cè)知，buried的意思為“掩埋”。故選D。 由This town is named as "the e-waste capital of the world".可知A錯(cuò)誤；由Many of the poison in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers, Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.可知，不是很安全地處理電子污染，電子污染嚴(yán)重，沒有提及花很多錢買電子垃圾，即CD錯(cuò)，B正確。綜上所述，故選B。 由This year, China presents a new protection law, the strictest one we have ever had.可知答案，故選C。 通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了當(dāng)今世界一種新的垃圾（電子垃圾） 對(duì)中國(guó)環(huán)境的污染，用具體的數(shù)字向我們說明了它們對(duì)環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重性。為此中國(guó)政府采取了措施來(lái)減少它們對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。選項(xiàng)C“中國(guó)的電子污染”符合題意，故選C。