高中英語 Unit 3 Science and nature課件 譯林牛津版必修5
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1、Unit 3 Science and nature 科學(xué)與自然 話題之十五話題之十五校園安全校園安全三年三年1考考 2012杭州模擬杭州模擬假如你是李華,你們學(xué)校最近開展了創(chuàng)建假如你是李華,你們學(xué)校最近開展了創(chuàng)建“平安校園平安校園”的活動(dòng)。你們班為此組織主題班會(huì),請(qǐng)你用英語寫的活動(dòng)。你們班為此組織主題班會(huì),請(qǐng)你用英語寫一篇發(fā)言稿,談一談你對(duì)創(chuàng)建一篇發(fā)言稿,談一談你對(duì)創(chuàng)建“平安校園平安校園”的一些想法。短文應(yīng)的一些想法。短文應(yīng)該包括下面的內(nèi)容:該包括下面的內(nèi)容:1安全意識(shí)的重要性;安全意識(shí)的重要性;2在運(yùn)動(dòng)中要注在運(yùn)動(dòng)中要注意安全;意安全;3在校內(nèi)要注意人身安全;在校內(nèi)要注意人身安全; 4同學(xué)間
2、發(fā)生矛盾時(shí),同學(xué)間發(fā)生矛盾時(shí), 一定要保持冷靜、理智;一定要保持冷靜、理智;5逐步將逐步將“平安校園平安校園”活動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為活動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為全體師生的實(shí)際行動(dòng)。詞數(shù)全體師生的實(shí)際行動(dòng)。詞數(shù) 120左右。參考詞匯:校園安全左右。參考詞匯:校園安全 safety at schoolMy dear classmates, There is no denying that safety plays an important part in our daily life. Recently our school has carried out a program aimed at making our campu
3、s a safe place to stay in. I consider this as indeed a good practice, which will make us aware that safety should always come first in our daily life, whether when we stay at school or outside it. When we are doing sports, we should attach importance to the safety and avoid being hurt. Furthermore,
4、when we get into trouble with our classmates, we should remain calm and avoid any form of fighting, which may only bring suffering and pain to us mentally and physically. As far as Im concerned, I feel all the students and teachers should work hard and creatively to keep the “safety at school” activ
5、ity in mind. Besides, we are supposed to observe the law discipline wherever we are at any moment. Thanks. 1. 本文話題切合考生生活實(shí)際,屬社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)。本文話題切合考生生活實(shí)際,屬社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)。首段點(diǎn)出校園安全的重要性。首段點(diǎn)出校園安全的重要性。 第二段分條展示我們應(yīng)該從幾方面注意校園安全問題。第二段分條展示我們應(yīng)該從幾方面注意校園安全問題。第三段再次呼吁校園安全,人人有責(zé)。第三段再次呼吁校園安全,人人有責(zé)。2. 全文行文流暢,用詞地道高級(jí)。全文行文流暢,用詞地道高級(jí)。高級(jí)詞匯和短語:高級(jí)詞匯
6、和短語:play a(n). . . part in, carry out, aim at, aware, attach importance to. . . , avoid, furthermore, mentally and physically, as far as. . . concerned, keep. . . in mind, observe等。等。高級(jí)句型:高級(jí)句型:There is no denying that. . . , whether. . . or. . . 等。等。【佳作習(xí)得佳作習(xí)得】完成句子完成句子_(不論男女老少不論男女老少), all of us shoul
7、d not break the law. Whether we are men or women, old or young. 單詞盤點(diǎn)單詞盤點(diǎn)根據(jù)詞性和漢語意思寫出詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語意思寫出詞匯1._(vt. )使改變外觀或性質(zhì)使改變外觀或性質(zhì)(尤指向好的方向尤指向好的方向);使改變形態(tài);使改變形態(tài)2. _(n. )概念;觀念概念;觀念3. _(n. )關(guān)系;親戚關(guān)系;親戚4. _(adj. )普通的,一般的普通的,一般的transformconceptrelationordinary5._(adj. ) 可信賴的,可依靠的可信賴的,可依靠的6. _(adj. ) 準(zhǔn)確的,精確的準(zhǔn)確的,精確
8、的7. _(vt. & vi. ) 證實(shí),證明;確認(rèn);使確信證實(shí),證明;確認(rèn);使確信8._(n. ) 贊同,支持;恩惠,幫助;偏贊同,支持;恩惠,幫助;偏愛,偏袒愛,偏袒9._ (n. ) 利潤(rùn),收益利潤(rùn),收益 (vi. & vt. ) 獲益;對(duì)獲益;對(duì)有用有用10. _(n. )意圖,目的;企圖意圖,目的;企圖_ (v. )打算,想要打算,想要_ (adj. )意欲達(dá)到的,打算的意欲達(dá)到的,打算的accurateconfirmfavour profitreliableintentionintendedintend11._(n. )憂慮,焦慮,不安憂慮,焦慮,不安_ (adj. )焦慮的,焦慮
9、的,擔(dān)憂的擔(dān)憂的12. _(vt. )收養(yǎng),領(lǐng)養(yǎng);采用,采納收養(yǎng),領(lǐng)養(yǎng);采用,采納_ (adj. )收養(yǎng)收養(yǎng)的;適于采納的的;適于采納的 _(n. )采用;收養(yǎng)采用;收養(yǎng)13._ (adj. )法律許可的,合法的法律許可的,合法的_ (反義詞反義詞)非法的非法的14. _(n. )結(jié)果,后果結(jié)果,后果_ (adj. )隨之發(fā)生隨之發(fā)生的的_( adv. )因此,所以因此,所以15._(n. )職業(yè),行業(yè)職業(yè),行業(yè)_(adj. )專業(yè)的,專業(yè)的,職業(yè)的職業(yè)的anxietyanxiousadoptadoptiveadoption legal consequenceconsequentconsequ
10、entlyprofessionprofessionalillegal16. _(adj. )原來的,起初的原來的,起初的; 首創(chuàng)的;非復(fù)制的首創(chuàng)的;非復(fù)制的 _(n. )起源,起點(diǎn)起源,起點(diǎn)17. _(vt. )實(shí)施;指揮樂隊(duì)實(shí)施;指揮樂隊(duì) _(n. )售票員;售票員;(樂隊(duì)樂隊(duì))指揮指揮18. _(n. )多數(shù),大多數(shù)多數(shù),大多數(shù)_ (n. )少數(shù)民族;少少數(shù)民族;少數(shù)派數(shù)派19. _(n. )仔細(xì)考慮;必須考慮的因素;體諒,顧仔細(xì)考慮;必須考慮的因素;體諒,顧及及 _(vt. &vi. )考慮;認(rèn)為考慮;認(rèn)為_(adj. )體貼體貼的,體諒的;考慮周到的的,體諒的;考慮周到的_ (adj.
11、 )相當(dāng)大的;相相當(dāng)大的;相當(dāng)重要的當(dāng)重要的originaloriginconductconductormajorityminorityconsiderationconsiderconsiderateconsiderable20. _(vt. )使驚嚇,使驚恐使驚嚇,使驚恐 _(adj. )感到害感到害怕的怕的 _(adj. )令人恐懼的令人恐懼的21. _(n. )準(zhǔn)許,許可,批準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)許,許可,批準(zhǔn) _(v. )許可;許可;準(zhǔn)許準(zhǔn)許 _(n. )許可證許可證frightenfrightenedfrighteningpermissionpermitpermit【品詞自測(cè)品詞自測(cè)】根據(jù)所給詞的適當(dāng)
12、形式填空根據(jù)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Her father would not _her to drive alone even though she had got her driving_. Without her fathers_, she had no choice but to go out by bus or on a bike. (permit)permitpermitpermissionA mad dog was coming at a _speed, which _many people on the road away, but the child was too _to mov
13、e. (frighten)I _him _because he always takes everything into _when we plan. (consider)frighteningfrightenedfrightenedconsiderconsiderateconsideration.短語回放短語回放1. 一方面一方面另一方面另一方面_2. 戲弄,擺弄;把戲弄,擺弄;把當(dāng)作兒戲當(dāng)作兒戲_3. 為了為了,以,以為目的或意圖為目的或意圖_4. 對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬,尊重表示尊敬,尊重_5. 義無反顧地進(jìn)行,努力推進(jìn)義無反顧地進(jìn)行,努力推進(jìn)_6. 成功地做成某事成功地做成某事_on the o
14、ne hand. . . on theother hand. . .toy withwith the intention of. . .show respect forpush ahead withsucceed in doing sth.7. 供出售,待銷售供出售,待銷售_8. 同意;與同意;與一致一致_9. 以以的語氣,以的語氣,以的論調(diào)的論調(diào)_10. 耗盡體力,累垮耗盡體力,累垮_11. 效仿某人效仿某人_12. 認(rèn)真考慮認(rèn)真考慮_13. 贊同贊同, 支持支持_14. 觀點(diǎn)觀點(diǎn)_for salein agreement withon a. . . notebe/get burnt out
15、follow in ones footstepstake. . . into considerationin favour ofpoint of view 15. 滿足某人的要求滿足某人的要求_meet ones needs. 句式掃描句式掃描1. _(一方面一方面), some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissuessuch as bone or lung tissuethat could be used to save human lives. _(另一
16、方面另一方面), many people, including some scientists, disagree and are afraid that, if mankind toys with nature in this way, we may be on our way to producing a real-life Frankensteins monster. On the one handOn the other hand2. _(第一只被克隆出的哺乳動(dòng)第一只被克隆出的哺乳動(dòng)物物)successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the she
17、ep. 3. I dont want to adopt someone elses childif I had the chance,I _(會(huì)立即要一個(gè)會(huì)立即要一個(gè)克隆嬰兒克隆嬰兒). 4. _(盡管克隆人類胚盡管克隆人類胚胎不合法胎不合法) in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby. The first mammal to be clonedwould have a cloned baby right n
18、owWhile cloning human embryos is not legal5. The developed and developing countries of the world need to work together to make sure that people enjoy healthy and happy lives, _(同同時(shí)不損害其周邊的環(huán)境時(shí)不損害其周邊的環(huán)境) . 6. _(哪里都沒有比這更真實(shí)的哪里都沒有比這更真實(shí)的) with genetically modified (GM) food. 7. Research has been limited to
19、 increasing production profits, _(而不是而不是) making sure that GM foods are safe. without the environment around them sufferingNowhere is this truer thanrather than【仿句自測(cè)仿句自測(cè)】根據(jù)下面句式仿寫句子根據(jù)下面句式仿寫句子on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . . 仿寫:一方面,蹦極跳很有趣;另一方面,它也很危險(xiǎn)。仿寫:一方面,蹦極跳很有趣;另一方面,它也很危險(xiǎn)。_. while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
20、,意為引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“盡管,雖然盡管,雖然”仿寫:雖然他不窮,但他身上沒有現(xiàn)金。仿寫:雖然他不窮,但他身上沒有現(xiàn)金。_. On the one hand, bungee jumping is interesting. On the otherhand, it is very dangerousWhile he is not poor, he has no cash on himwithout+賓語賓語+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)仿寫:沒有那個(gè)好心的老人幫她,她大學(xué)畢不了業(yè)。仿寫:沒有那個(gè)好心的老人幫她,她大學(xué)畢不了業(yè)。_. Without the kind old man helping her, sh
21、e wouldnt havegraduated from university核核心心要要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)consequence三年三年1考考consideration三年三年1考考confirm三年三年3考考1. adopt vt. 收養(yǎng),領(lǐng)養(yǎng);采用,采納收養(yǎng),領(lǐng)養(yǎng);采用,采納The school must adopt new methods of teaching foreign languages. 學(xué)校必須采取教授外語的新方法。學(xué)校必須采取教授外語的新方法。Having no children of their own, they decided to adopt an orphan. 因?yàn)闆]有親
22、生兒女,他們決定領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一個(gè)孤兒。因?yàn)闆]有親生兒女,他們決定領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一個(gè)孤兒。 The family have_ _ _. 那個(gè)家庭收養(yǎng)了三個(gè)孩子。那個(gè)家庭收養(yǎng)了三個(gè)孩子。adoptedthreechildren【點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】adopt與與adapt(適應(yīng)適應(yīng))的詞義辨析是高考易考點(diǎn)。的詞義辨析是高考易考點(diǎn)。2. consequence n. 結(jié)果,后果;影響;重要性結(jié)果,后果;影響;重要性The company now suffers the consequences of his mismanagement. 該公司現(xiàn)在正遭受他管理不當(dāng)所造成的后果。該公司現(xiàn)在正遭受他管理不當(dāng)所造成的后果。We ha
23、dnt enough money to pay our bus fare, and in consequence/as a consequence we had to walk. 我們的錢不夠付公交車費(fèi),因此我們只得步行。我們的錢不夠付公交車費(fèi),因此我們只得步行。Many Gulf States have enjoyed great wealth as a consequence of/in consequence of oil. 許多海灣國(guó)家因?yàn)槭偷木壒识鴵碛辛司薮蟮呢?cái)富。許多海灣國(guó)家因?yàn)槭偷木壒识鴵碛辛司薮蟮呢?cái)富?!練w納歸納】_=in consequence因此,結(jié)果因此,結(jié)果_=in
24、 consequence of由于,因?yàn)橛捎?,因?yàn)榈木壒实木壒蔭s a consequence ofas a consequence【點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】表示結(jié)果的短語還有:表示結(jié)果的短語還有:as a result,result in,lead to,bring about等。等。3. consideration n. 仔細(xì)考慮;必須考慮的因素;體諒,顧及仔細(xì)考慮;必須考慮的因素;體諒,顧及John never showed any consideration for his mothers feelings. 約翰從來都不體諒他母親的感情。約翰從來都不體諒他母親的感情。Taking his yout
25、h into consideration, they didnt give him heavy work. 考慮到他年輕,他們沒給他分配繁重的工作??紤]到他年輕,他們沒給他分配繁重的工作?!練w納歸納】_體貼,照顧體貼,照顧_認(rèn)真考慮認(rèn)真考慮show consideration fortake. . . into considerationconfirm sth. /that-clause證實(shí),證明;使確信證實(shí),證明;使確信confirm sb. in. . . 使某人在使某人在方面更方面更加堅(jiān)定加堅(jiān)定confirm sb. in the belief使某人堅(jiān)信使某人堅(jiān)信It is/has be
26、en confirmed that已經(jīng)確定已經(jīng)確定4. confirm vt. & vi. 證實(shí),證明;確認(rèn);使確信證實(shí),證明;確認(rèn);使確信The announcement confirmed that the election would take place on June 20th. 公告證實(shí)選舉將在公告證實(shí)選舉將在6月月20日舉行。日舉行。This latest information confirms me in the belief that he is to blame. 最近這一則消息使我堅(jiān)信他該受到責(zé)備。最近這一則消息使我堅(jiān)信他該受到責(zé)備。What he observed _
27、 _ _. 他觀察到的現(xiàn)象證實(shí)了他的判斷。他觀察到的現(xiàn)象證實(shí)了他的判斷。confirmed hisjudgement_ _ _ _ _ teachers salary will be closely connected with their performance. 已經(jīng)確定老師的工資將與他們的績(jī)效掛鉤。已經(jīng)確定老師的工資將與他們的績(jī)效掛鉤。Ithasconfirmedbeenthat(1)in favour of贊同,支持贊同,支持in sb. s favour對(duì)某人有利對(duì)某人有利; 有助于某人有助于某人out of favour with. . . 失寵于失寵于; 不受不受歡迎歡迎(2)a
28、sk a favour of sb. 請(qǐng)某人幫忙請(qǐng)某人幫忙do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb. 給某人以恩惠;幫某人一個(gè)忙給某人以恩惠;幫某人一個(gè)忙do sb. the favour to do sth. /do sb. a favour by doing sth. 給某人幫忙做某事給某人幫忙做某事5. favour(=favor) n. 贊同,支持;恩惠,幫助;偏愛,偏袒贊同,支持;恩惠,幫助;偏愛,偏袒Dont try to borrow Johns carI hate asking favours of people. 別去向約翰借小汽車了別去向約翰借小
29、汽車了我不愿求人。我不愿求人。The situation both at home and abroad is in our favour. 國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)內(nèi)外形勢(shì)都對(duì)我們有利。外形勢(shì)都對(duì)我們有利。Will you _ _ _ _by lending me the English dictionary? 你能不能幫個(gè)忙把英語詞典借給我?你能不能幫個(gè)忙把英語詞典借給我?domeafavour【真題鏈接真題鏈接】2011湖北,湖北,30When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to
30、see him step aside_ younger men. A. in terms ofB. in need ofC. in favor ofD. in praise of【解析解析】選選C??疾榻樵~詞組辨析。句意:當(dāng)被問及關(guān)于校長(zhǎng)??疾榻樵~詞組辨析。句意:當(dāng)被問及關(guān)于校長(zhǎng)的意見時(shí),許多老師希望他能讓位給更年輕的人。的意見時(shí),許多老師希望他能讓位給更年輕的人。in terms of就就而言;而言;in need of需要;需要;in favor of贊同,支持;贊同,支持;in praise of稱贊稱贊, 贊頌。根據(jù)句意選擇贊頌。根據(jù)句意選擇C項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)?!臼煸~生義熟詞生義】根據(jù)語境選擇最
31、佳漢語意根據(jù)語境選擇最佳漢語意He divided the candy among the children without favour to anyone. A. 贊同贊同B. 幫助幫助C. 偏愛偏愛答案:答案: C6. frighten vt. 使驚嚇,使驚恐使驚嚇,使驚恐(1)frighten. . . Away把把嚇跑,嚇走嚇跑,嚇走frighten sb. from (doing) sth. 嚇得某人不敢嚇得某人不敢(做做)某事某事frighten sb. into/out of(doing) sth. 恐嚇某人做恐嚇某人做/不做某事不做某事(2)be frightened at受
32、受驚嚇,對(duì)驚嚇,對(duì)大吃一驚大吃一驚be frightened of對(duì)對(duì)感到害怕感到害怕be frightened to death被嚇得要死被嚇得要死The sudden noise frightened the deer away. 突如其來的響聲把鹿嚇跑了。突如其來的響聲把鹿嚇跑了。They frightened the old lady into signing the paper. 他們威脅那位老太太,讓她在紙上簽了字。他們威脅那位老太太,讓她在紙上簽了字??吹竭@可怕的情景,他害怕了??吹竭@可怕的情景,他害怕了。He was frightened _the terrible sight
33、. 他害怕狗他害怕狗。He was frightened _the dog. of at選詞填空選詞填空(of/at)(1)ask for permission請(qǐng)求許可請(qǐng)求許可give sb. permission to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事with sb. s permission在某人許可的情況下在某人許可的情況下without permission未經(jīng)許可未經(jīng)許可(2)permit vt. 允許允許permit (ones) doing sth. 允許允許(某人某人)做某事做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事permit
34、of容許,有容許,有的可能性的可能性7. permission n. 準(zhǔn)許,許可,批準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)許,許可,批準(zhǔn)I need to call my dad and ask for permission before we go out. 我們出去之前,我得給我爸打個(gè)電話征得他的同意。我們出去之前,我得給我爸打個(gè)電話征得他的同意。With your permission Ill leave now. 在你允許的情況下,我現(xiàn)在就要?jiǎng)由砹?。在你允許的情況下,我現(xiàn)在就要?jiǎng)由砹?。她母親不允許她在外過夜。她母親不允許她在外過夜。(一句多譯一句多譯)Her mother doesnt give her permiss
35、ion to stay away at night. = Her mother doesnt _ _ _ _at night. = Her mother doesnt _ _ _ _ _at night. permither stayingawaypermit her tostayaway【點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】permission是不可數(shù)名詞,意為是不可數(shù)名詞,意為“許可許可”,permit也也可作名詞,但它是可數(shù)名詞,意為可作名詞,但它是可數(shù)名詞,意為“許可證,執(zhí)照許可證,執(zhí)照”。8. on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . . 一方面一方面另一方面另一方面
36、 On the one hand this job is not well-paid, but on the other (hand) I cant get another one. 從一方面來說這份工作工資不從一方面來說這份工作工資不高,但另一方面我又找不到另外的工作。高,但另一方面我又找不到另外的工作?!就卣雇卣埂縜t hand在手邊,在附近在手邊,在附近(空間空間);即將來臨;即將來臨(時(shí)間時(shí)間)by hand用手;親自用手;親自give/lend sb. a hand=give/lend a hand to sb. 幫某人一把幫某人一把hand in hand手拉手;同時(shí)并存手拉手;同
37、時(shí)并存in hand(錢、物、時(shí)間錢、物、時(shí)間)在手中;在手中;(局勢(shì)局勢(shì))在控制在控制 中;中;(工作工作)在進(jìn)行中在進(jìn)行中on hand在手邊在手邊(隨時(shí)可用隨時(shí)可用);出席,在場(chǎng);出席,在場(chǎng)用上面方框中的短語的適當(dāng)形式補(bǔ)全下列句子用上面方框中的短語的適當(dāng)形式補(bǔ)全下列句子一些人深信人類末日即將來臨。一些人深信人類末日即將來臨。Some people feel strongly that the end of humanity will be_. 當(dāng)鄰居們需要幫助的時(shí)候,向他們伸出援手是我們的職責(zé)。當(dāng)鄰居們需要幫助的時(shí)候,向他們伸出援手是我們的職責(zé)。It is our duty to _ou
38、r neighbours when they need. at handgive a hand to有時(shí)候新市場(chǎng)和新技術(shù)并駕齊驅(qū)。有時(shí)候新市場(chǎng)和新技術(shù)并駕齊驅(qū)。Sometimes new markets and new technologies go_. hand in hand9. toy with 戲弄戲弄,擺弄;把,擺弄;把當(dāng)作兒戲當(dāng)作兒戲She was just toying with her food, as if she wasnt really hungry. 她把飯撥弄著玩兒,好像并不餓。她把飯撥弄著玩兒,好像并不餓。He often toyed with the idea o
39、f buying a bike but never actually bought one. 他經(jīng)常不很認(rèn)真地考慮那個(gè)買自行車的主意,結(jié)果一輛也沒買。他經(jīng)常不很認(rèn)真地考慮那個(gè)買自行車的主意,結(jié)果一輛也沒買?!就卣雇卣埂垦a(bǔ)全下列短語補(bǔ)全下列短語_with同意某人的話;與同意某人的話;與一致一致_with 偶遇;遭受偶遇;遭受_with. . . 以以開始開始_with. . . 以以結(jié)束結(jié)束_with 伴隨;與伴隨;與相配相配agreemeetbegin/startend/closego_with處理處理(常與常與what連用連用)_with應(yīng)付,處理;應(yīng)付,處理;與與交往交往/做生意;論及,做
40、生意;論及,dodeal10. show respect for對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬表示尊敬, 尊重尊重Show respect for all employees, regardless of gender, race, religion or personality. 尊重所有的雇員,不管其性別、種族、尊重所有的雇員,不管其性別、種族、宗教信仰宗教信仰還是個(gè)性如何。還是個(gè)性如何。【拓展拓展】寫出下列短語的意思寫出下列短語的意思with respect to_out of respect for_with respect_關(guān)于,至于關(guān)于,至于出于對(duì)出于對(duì)的尊重的尊重尊敬地尊敬地【熟詞生義熟詞生義】根
41、據(jù)語境選擇最佳漢語意思根據(jù)語境選擇最佳漢語意思The plan was good in every respect , but it was badly executed. A. 尊敬尊敬B. 尊重尊重C. 方面方面【解析解析】選選C。in every respect在每一方面,從各個(gè)方面。在每一方面,從各個(gè)方面。11. push ahead with義無反顧地進(jìn)行,努力推進(jìn)義無反顧地進(jìn)行,努力推進(jìn)Despite opposition, they are pushing ahead with their scheme for a new airport. 盡管有人反對(duì),他們?nèi)栽诖罅ν七M(jìn)修建新機(jī)
42、場(chǎng)的計(jì)劃。盡管有人反對(duì),他們?nèi)栽诖罅ν七M(jìn)修建新機(jī)場(chǎng)的計(jì)劃。Our government has been actively pushing ahead with scientific research in this field. 我們的政府一直在積極推進(jìn)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的科研工作。我們的政府一直在積極推進(jìn)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的科研工作?!就卣寡由臁俊就卣寡由臁糠g下列短語翻譯下列短語push aside_push down_push forward_push over_push ones way_把把推向一旁;不管,不顧推向一旁;不管,不顧推倒,壓倒推倒,壓倒(不顧困難不顧困難)繼續(xù)前進(jìn)繼續(xù)前進(jìn)推倒推倒; 推翻
43、推翻 推開路推開路(前進(jìn)前進(jìn));擠過去;擠過去12. While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby. 盡管克隆人類胚胎在很多國(guó)家還不合法,但一些科學(xué)家正在加盡管克隆人類胚胎在很多國(guó)家還不合法,但一些科學(xué)家正在加緊研究,以制造出克隆的人類嬰兒。緊研究,以制造出克隆的人類嬰兒。句中的句中的while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,常放在句首,譯作引導(dǎo)
44、讓步狀語從句,常放在句首,譯作“盡管盡管, 雖雖然然”,比,比although或或 though語氣要輕。語氣要輕。while although/Though as 【辨析】【辨析】理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)多位于句首引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)多位于句首 二者可互換,且都可以與二者可互換,且都可以與yet,still或或nevertheless連用,但不與連用,但不與but連用。連用。though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),而句可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),而although不可以。不可以。 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)通常用倒裝語序,即把表引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)通常用倒裝語序,
45、即把表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形置于句首。若表語為單數(shù)可語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形置于句首。若表語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,則名詞前不加冠詞。數(shù)名詞,則名詞前不加冠詞。_we all tried our best, we lost the game. 盡管我們都盡全力了,比賽還是輸了。盡管我們都盡全力了,比賽還是輸了。Child _he is, (yet) he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 盡管他是個(gè)孩子,但他認(rèn)識(shí)很多漢字。盡管他是個(gè)孩子,但他認(rèn)識(shí)很多漢字。Although/Though/Whileas/thoughIt is a sunny day, _(it is) col
46、d. 真是個(gè)大晴天,盡管有點(diǎn)冷。真是個(gè)大晴天,盡管有點(diǎn)冷。though/although【想一想】【想一想】while作連詞,除了可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句外,還可以引導(dǎo)哪些作連詞,除了可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句外,還可以引導(dǎo)哪些從句?從句?【拓展延伸】【拓展延伸】(1)while作并列連詞,構(gòu)成并列句,意為作并列連詞,構(gòu)成并列句,意為“然而,然而,但是但是”,相當(dāng)于,相當(dāng)于and then/but,強(qiáng)調(diào)前后兩種情況的對(duì)比和轉(zhuǎn),強(qiáng)調(diào)前后兩種情況的對(duì)比和轉(zhuǎn)折,此時(shí),折,此時(shí),while一般位于句中。一般位于句中。(2) while用作從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,意為用作從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)
47、的的時(shí)候時(shí)候, 和和同時(shí)同時(shí)”,此時(shí)的主從句謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,從句,此時(shí)的主從句謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,從句謂語通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。謂語通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。(3) while引導(dǎo)從句時(shí),如果主從句的主語一致,且從句謂語又引導(dǎo)從句時(shí),如果主從句的主語一致,且從句謂語又含有含有be,則從句主語和,則從句主語和be可以省略??梢允÷?。while后可直接跟現(xiàn)在分詞、后可直接跟現(xiàn)在分詞、名詞、形容詞或介詞短語。名詞、形容詞或介詞短語。13. Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food. 轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的
48、例子。(1)句中句中nowhere. . . truer. . . 是比較級(jí)的形式,表示最高級(jí)的含是比較級(jí)的形式,表示最高級(jí)的含義。在英語中,義。在英語中,“No other+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞/Nothing/No one/None/ Nobody+. . . +比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+than. . . ”句型是比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí),句句型是比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí),句意:再?zèng)]有比意:再?zèng)]有比更更的了。的了。No other boy is poorer than John. 再?zèng)]有比約翰更窮的了。再?zèng)]有比約翰更窮的了。(約翰最窮約翰最窮)_ _ _ _than friendship. 再?zèng)]有比友誼更寶貴的了。再?zèng)]
49、有比友誼更寶貴的了。(友誼最寶貴友誼最寶貴)Nothingismorevaluable【真題鏈接】【真題鏈接】Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been _. A. popularB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popular【解析解析】選選B??疾楸容^級(jí)。句意:布萊克先生很高興,因?yàn)椤?疾楸容^級(jí)。句意:布萊克先生很高興,因?yàn)樗墓S生產(chǎn)的衣服從來沒有像現(xiàn)在這樣受歡迎過。此句的意他的工廠生產(chǎn)的衣服從來沒有像現(xiàn)在這樣受歡迎過。此句
50、的意思暗含了現(xiàn)在生產(chǎn)的衣服比以往都受歡迎,思暗含了現(xiàn)在生產(chǎn)的衣服比以往都受歡迎,not/never加比較級(jí)加比較級(jí)表示肯定意義的最高級(jí)。故選表示肯定意義的最高級(jí)。故選B。(2)本句以否定詞本句以否定詞nowhere開頭,為倒裝語序。開頭,為倒裝語序。(1)具有否定意義或半否定意義的副詞以及含有否定詞的介詞短具有否定意義或半否定意義的副詞以及含有否定詞的介詞短語等放句首時(shí),主句需部分倒裝。語等放句首時(shí),主句需部分倒裝。(2)這類常用的否定詞或否定詞組有:這類常用的否定詞或否定詞組有:not,hardly,little,never,rarely,seldom,by no means,in no w
51、ay,not until,in no case(決不決不),on no condition(無論如何也不無論如何也不),no longer,at no time(任何時(shí)候都不任何時(shí)候都不),on no account(決不決不),no sooner. . . than,hardly/scarcely. . . when(一一就就)等。等。Little did he know that the police were around. 他一點(diǎn)兒也不知道警察就在旁邊。他一點(diǎn)兒也不知道警察就在旁邊。她幾乎不能相信自己的眼睛。她幾乎不能相信自己的眼睛。_ _ _ _ her own eyes. Hard
52、lycouldshebelieve【真題鏈接】【真題鏈接】2012四川模擬四川模擬We laugh at jokes, but seldom_about how they work. A. we thinkB. think weC. we do thinkD. do we think【解析解析】選選D。句意:我們因笑話而笑,但很少去思考笑話是。句意:我們因笑話而笑,但很少去思考笑話是如何起作用的。當(dāng)含有否定意味的副詞置于句首時(shí),句子通常如何起作用的。當(dāng)含有否定意味的副詞置于句首時(shí),句子通常用部分倒裝。用部分倒裝。(1)intention與其他名詞的詞義辨析與其他名詞的詞義辨析(2)anxiet
53、y的用法以及與其他名詞的詞義辨析的用法以及與其他名詞的詞義辨析(3)majority的含義及用法的含義及用法(4)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬句的應(yīng)用錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬句的應(yīng)用1. When the headmaster put forward the plan, the_of the students in the class_ against it. A. majority; wereB. most; wereC. most; didD. majority; did【解析解析】選選A。the majority of+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞=most of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,
54、故排除可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,故排除B、C兩項(xiàng);兩項(xiàng);be against 反對(duì),不贊成,可知應(yīng)選反對(duì),不贊成,可知應(yīng)選A。2. To our_, she didnt arrive on time, so we all began to worry about her safety. A. excitementB. tasteC. anxietyD. eagerness【解析】【解析】選選C。句意:讓我們焦慮的是,她沒有按時(shí)到達(dá),于。句意:讓我們焦慮的是,她沒有按時(shí)到達(dá),于是我們都開始擔(dān)心她的安全。是我們都開始擔(dān)心她的安全。excitement興奮;興奮;taste味道味道, 品味;品味;a
55、nxiety焦慮焦慮, 掛念;掛念;eagerness渴望??释?。3. Many farmers left their fields and went to big cities with the_ of making money to support their family. A. intentionB. determination C. concernD. development【解析】【解析】選選A??疾槊~辨析。句意:為了掙錢養(yǎng)家糊口,很??疾槊~辨析。句意:為了掙錢養(yǎng)家糊口,很多農(nóng)民離開了土地去往大城市。多農(nóng)民離開了土地去往大城市。with the intention of為了,為
56、了,以以為目的或意圖,符合句意。為目的或意圖,符合句意。determination決心決心, 果斷;果斷;concern擔(dān)心,關(guān)心;擔(dān)心,關(guān)心;development發(fā)展。發(fā)展。4. 完成句子完成句子假如你當(dāng)時(shí)聽我的話,你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好多了。假如你當(dāng)時(shí)聽我的話,你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好多了。You _now if you had taken my advice. 如果當(dāng)初你沒有認(rèn)真研究這個(gè)問題,現(xiàn)在你就會(huì)遇到困難。如果當(dāng)初你沒有認(rèn)真研究這個(gè)問題,現(xiàn)在你就會(huì)遇到困難。If you _the problem carefully, you would run into difficulties now. would
57、 be much betterhad not studied詳解詞義猜測(cè)題詳解詞義猜測(cè)題 詞義猜測(cè)題主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)詞義和語義的能詞義猜測(cè)題主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)詞義和語義的能力,突出考查語境的分析和把握能力。從考查內(nèi)容看,主要有力,突出考查語境的分析和把握能力。從考查內(nèi)容看,主要有猜測(cè)某個(gè)生詞、短語、句子的意思或代詞指代等。猜測(cè)某個(gè)生詞、短語、句子的意思或代詞指代等。 該類題的答題技巧總結(jié)如下:該類題的答題技巧總結(jié)如下:一、根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜測(cè)一、根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜測(cè) 有時(shí)短文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)需要猜測(cè)其意義的詞或短語,上文或有時(shí)短文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)需要猜測(cè)其意義的詞或短語,
58、上文或下文會(huì)出現(xiàn)其定義、解釋或描述,這就是判斷該詞或短語意義下文會(huì)出現(xiàn)其定義、解釋或描述,這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。高考中大部分猜測(cè)都要通過該手段。的主要依據(jù)。高考中大部分猜測(cè)都要通過該手段?!菊骖}連連看真題連連看】 遼寧遼寧The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States. It is a network of offices, some of which provide f
59、ood and houses for the homeless population, and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home. 67. The word “address” in the first paragraph probably means “_”. A. talk about B. deal withC. fight forD. write to【步步精析步步精析】 67. 選選B。文中提到。文中提
60、到the Coalition for the Homeless是一個(gè)為無家是一個(gè)為無家可歸者服務(wù)的組織,后面的可歸者服務(wù)的組織,后面的that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾an organization,進(jìn)一步說明,進(jìn)一步說明the Coalition for the Homeless是一個(gè)是一個(gè)什么樣的組織,在定語從句中提到了什么樣的組織,在定語從句中提到了“_美國(guó)無家可歸者的美國(guó)無家可歸者的需求需求”。第二句又進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行解釋。綜合這些解釋,我們可以。第二句又進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行解釋。綜合這些解釋,我們可以斷定斷定address在此句中意為在此句中意為“處理處理”。二、根據(jù)說明、并列、同義、近義
61、、反義、對(duì)比等關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞二、根據(jù)說明、并列、同義、近義、反義、對(duì)比等關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義義 在句子或段落中,我們可以利用熟悉的詞語,根據(jù)語言環(huán)在句子或段落中,我們可以利用熟悉的詞語,根據(jù)語言環(huán)境所表示的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義。境所表示的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義?!菊骖}連連看真題連連看】 2013江西模擬江西模擬After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of th
62、e city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed“the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howards name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but c
63、reating a unique combination of designs. 67. The underlined phrase“drawing on”in Paragraph 1 probably means_. A. making use ofB. making comments onC. giving an explanation ofD. giving a description of【步步精析步步精析】67. 選選A。通過文章第一段敘述可知。通過文章第一段敘述可知Howard在到達(dá)芝加哥后有在到達(dá)芝加哥后有了創(chuàng)建了創(chuàng)建“花園城市花園城市”的靈感,回到倫敦后,他運(yùn)用當(dāng)時(shí)所流行的靈感
64、,回到倫敦后,他運(yùn)用當(dāng)時(shí)所流行的觀點(diǎn)把各種設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了結(jié)合,形成了他自己的獨(dú)特設(shè)計(jì)。因的觀點(diǎn)把各種設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了結(jié)合,形成了他自己的獨(dú)特設(shè)計(jì)。因此,他是在此,他是在“利用利用”當(dāng)時(shí)流行的觀點(diǎn)。當(dāng)時(shí)流行的觀點(diǎn)。 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 非謂語動(dòng)詞是高考考查的重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn),其時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)及非謂語動(dòng)詞是高考考查的重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn),其時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)及句法功能是主要的考查點(diǎn)。在復(fù)習(xí)備考時(shí)應(yīng)著重以下幾個(gè)方面:句法功能是主要的考查點(diǎn)。在復(fù)習(xí)備考時(shí)應(yīng)著重以下幾個(gè)方面:1. 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語、表語、定語和狀語;動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語、表語、定語和狀語;2. 動(dòng)名詞作賓語;動(dòng)名詞作賓語;3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語和狀語;現(xiàn)在分詞作定語和狀語;
65、4. 動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作定語、補(bǔ)足語形式作定語、補(bǔ)足語和狀語;和狀語;5. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。1. 四川四川Simon made a big bamboo box_the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep【解析解析】選選D??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意:為了讓生病的小鳥待??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意:為了讓生病的小鳥待到會(huì)飛,西蒙做了一個(gè)大的竹盒子。動(dòng)詞不定式用來表示目的。到會(huì)飛,西蒙做了一個(gè)大的竹盒子。動(dòng)詞不定式用來表示目的。故選故選D。2. 2013浙江模擬浙江模擬Even
66、the best writers sometimes find themselves_for words. A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost【解析解析】選選B??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意:即便是最優(yōu)秀的作家??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意:即便是最優(yōu)秀的作家有時(shí)也會(huì)難以找到合適的語言表達(dá)自己。有時(shí)也會(huì)難以找到合適的語言表達(dá)自己。be lost for words無言無言以對(duì),無法用語言表達(dá),本句用以對(duì),無法用語言表達(dá),本句用lost for words短語作賓語補(bǔ)足短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語。語。3. The ability_an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed【解析解析】選選C??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意:表達(dá)想法的能力和想??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意:表達(dá)想法的能力和想法本身一樣重要。法本身一樣重要。expressed(過去分詞過去分詞)和和to be expressed后是不后是不可接名詞可接名詞(an idea
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