小學(xué)英語語法 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)詳細(xì)講解

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1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1小學(xué)英語語法小學(xué)英語語法 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)詳細(xì)講解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)詳細(xì)講解always(總是) usually(通常) often(經(jīng)常) sometimes(有時(shí)) hardly(幾乎不) rarely（很少） never(從不) every day(每天) every year(每年） all the time（所有時(shí)間）on Monday（在星期一） in January （在某月）3. 表示表示永恒不變的真理；永恒不變的真理； The moon goes round the earth. 第2頁/共58頁 一一. be. be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.be動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞： 主語主語

2、+ be +其它其它如如：I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。 He is a boy.他是一個(gè)男孩。 am is(單三）單三） are第3頁/共58頁肯定句：主語肯定句：主語+bebe+其它其它 如：如： He is a worker. You are thirteen.He is a worker. You are thirteen. 否定句：主語否定句：主語+ bebe+ notnot+其它其它 如：如： He is not a worker.He is not a worker. You arent thirteen. You arent thirteen.一般疑問句：一般疑問句：B

3、eBe+主語主語+其它其它? 如：如： Is he a worker? Yes, he is./No, he isnt.Is he a worker? Yes, he is./No, he isnt. Are you thirteen? Yes, I am ./No, I am not. Are you thirteen? Yes, I am ./No, I am not.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：疑問詞疑問詞+bebe+主語主語+其它其它? 如：如： What is he? What colour is that bird? What is he? What colour is that bi

4、rd? How old are you? Where are they ? How old are you? Where are they ?2. be2. be 動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本句型動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本句型第4頁/共58頁二二. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1 1、什么叫實(shí)義動(dòng)詞？、什么叫實(shí)義動(dòng)詞？ 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是指實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是指表示有具體意思的表示有具體意思的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞,也叫行為動(dòng)詞。也叫行為動(dòng)詞。 如如: like(喜歡）喜歡）, eat（吃）（吃）, live（居?。ň幼。? have（有）（有）, run（跑）（跑） 等等。等等。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞占英語中動(dòng)詞的絕大多數(shù)。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞

5、占英語中動(dòng)詞的絕大多數(shù)。第5頁/共58頁 我們已學(xué)過的我們已學(xué)過的be 動(dòng)詞可譯成動(dòng)詞可譯成“是是”，有時(shí)譯成有時(shí)譯成“成為成為”，有時(shí)則沒有具體意，有時(shí)則沒有具體意思如：思如： “She is tall.”這句譯成：這句譯成： “她很她很高高”。故。故be 動(dòng)詞不屬于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞不屬于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。第6頁/共58頁2 2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語的時(shí)侯有兩種形式：、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語的時(shí)侯有兩種形式：1.動(dòng)詞原形；如動(dòng)詞原形；如: enjoy2.第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式；如第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式；如: enjoys主語主語 + (+其它其它)。行為動(dòng)詞原行為動(dòng)詞原形形行為動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式

6、行為動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式如如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語. He studies French. 第7頁/共58頁第8頁/共58頁第9頁/共58頁第10頁/共58頁 哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)? 第11頁/共58頁一、人稱代詞一、人稱代詞he, she, ithe, she, it是第三人稱是第三人稱單數(shù)。單數(shù)。 He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起來像只貓。第12頁/共58頁二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主二、單個(gè)人名、

7、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。 Han Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來像她的母親 Beijing is in China. 北京在中國。 Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。 第13頁/共58頁三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或this / that / this / that / the+the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 作主語時(shí)，是第作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。三人稱單數(shù)。 A panda is a shy animal. 熊貓是害羞的動(dòng)物。 This book is yellow. 這本書

8、是黃色的。 That car is red. 那輛小汽車是紅色的。 The cat is black. 這只貓是黑色的。第14頁/共58頁 3 3、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞形式變化規(guī)則、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞形式變化規(guī)則一般情況下直接加一般情況下直接加-s-swalkwalkwalkwalks s以以s. x. sh. ch. os. x. sh. ch. o尾尾 加加-es-eswatchwatchwatchwatchesesgogogogoeses“輔音字母輔音字母+y”+y”結(jié)尾結(jié)尾 變變y y為為i, i, 再加再加-es-es，flyflflyfliesies 特殊情況特殊情況

9、havehas havehas dodoesdodoesgogoesgogoes第15頁/共58頁當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需變化當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需變化.動(dòng)詞單三的變化：動(dòng)詞單三的變化：1、一般情況下，直接一般情況下，直接加加s，如：，如： reads, plays, works, makes2、以、以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾，后加結(jié)尾，后加es. 如：如： watches washes teaches3、以輔音字母加、以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾結(jié)尾,一般加一般加es ,如：如：does, goes4、“元音字母元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，結(jié)尾的單詞，直接在詞尾加直接在詞尾加-s。 如

10、：如：plays, says5、輔音字母輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞結(jié)尾的單詞, 去去y,加加ies, 如：如：flies, studies6、不規(guī)則變化、不規(guī)則變化 如：如：have-has第16頁/共58頁 sit_ swim_ go _ _ do _ make _ run _ write_ see_ _ cry_ study _ watch_ wash_ say_ play _ have_ take_ sitsswimsgoesdoesmakesrunswritescries_seesstudieswatcheswashessays_playshas_takessits第17頁/共58頁1)

11、1) 肯定句肯定句: :主語主語（I/We/You/TheyI/We/You/They）+ +實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+ +其他其他 如：如：I I staystay at home on Saturdays. at home on Saturdays. They They havehave sports every day. sports every day.主語主語（He/She/ItHe/She/It）+ +實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單三形式實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單三形式+ +其他其他 如：如：He He stays stays at home on Saturdays.at home on Saturdays. Lu

12、cy Lucy has has sports every day.sports every day.4 4、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本句型、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本句型第18頁/共58頁 2) 否定句：否定句：主語主語（I/We/You/TheyI/We/You/They）+ + do+notdo+not+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其他其他 如：如：I dont stay at home on Saturdays.I dont stay at home on Saturdays. They dont have sports every day. They dont have sports e

13、very day.主語主語（He/She/ItHe/She/It）+ + does+notdoes+not+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其他其他 如：如：He doesnt stay at home on Saturdays.He doesnt stay at home on Saturdays. Lucy doesnt have sports every day. Lucy doesnt have sports every day.第19頁/共58頁3) 3) 一般疑問句及其肯、否定回答：一般疑問句及其肯、否定回答：DoDo+ +主語主語（I/we/you/theyI/we/you/they）

14、+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其他？其他？ 如：如：Do you stay at home on Saturdays?Do you stay at home on Saturdays? Yes,I do./No,I dont. Yes,I do./No,I dont. Do they have sports every day? Do they have sports every day? Yes, they do./No, they dont. Yes, they do./No, they dont.DoesDoes+ +主語主語（he/she/ithe/she/it）+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+

15、 +其他？其他？ 如：如：Does he stay at home on Saturdays?Does he stay at home on Saturdays? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt. Yes,he does./No,he doesnt. Does Lucy have sports every day? Does Lucy have sports every day? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt. Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.第20頁/共58頁4) 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句： 疑問詞疑問詞+ do/doesdo/do

16、es+主語主語+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+其他？其他？如：如： What do you want? What does she want? What time do you have lunch? What time does she have lunch? What do you do? What does she do? How do you spell it? How does he spell it?特殊疑問句特殊疑問句: 疑問詞疑問詞+一般疑問句一般疑問句?直接回答，而不用直接回答，而不用yes 或或no.第21頁/共58頁5.5.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型變換一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型變換1） I usual

17、ly play football on Friday.改為一般疑問句改為一般疑問句: Do you usually play football on Friday?對劃線部分提問對劃線部分提問: What do you usually do on Friday? 2） My father go to work by bike everyday.對劃線部分提問對劃線部分提問: How does your father go to work everyday?第22頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（否定句）（否定句） 在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中有中有bebe動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

18、（cancan等）時(shí)，否定句在等）時(shí)，否定句在bebe動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加notnot。 例如例如第23頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（否定句）（否定句）1、I am a teacher.否：否：I am not a teacher.2、He is a student.否：否： He is not a student.3、You are a boy.否：否： You are not a boy.4、I can swim.否：否： I can not（cant) swim.第24頁/共58頁變否定句變否定句I am a good boy.I am not a good boy.

19、第25頁/共58頁變否定句變否定句They are students.They are not students.第26頁/共58頁變否定句變否定句She can speak English.She can not speak English.第27頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（否定句）（否定句） 句中沒有句中沒有bebe動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語為第三人稱單第三人稱單數(shù)數(shù)的否定句在動(dòng)詞前加的否定句在動(dòng)詞前加does does not (doesnnot (doesnt)t), ,非單三非單三時(shí)，時(shí)，否定句在動(dòng)詞前加否定句在動(dòng)詞前加do notdo not（dondon

20、t)t) 例如例如第28頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（否定句）（否定句） 1 1、I to school by bus. I to school by bus. 否：否： I to school by bus. I to school by bus. 2 2、He He to school by bus. to school by bus. 否：否：He He to school by bus. to school by bus. gogodont godont gogoesgoesdoesnt godoesnt go第29頁/共58頁變否定句變否定句I study English eve

21、ry day.I dont study English every morning.第30頁/共58頁變否定句變否定句She speaks Chinese well.She doesnt speak Chinese well.第31頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（疑問句）（疑問句） 句中有句中有bebe動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，bebe動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞cancan提前，首字母提前，首字母變?yōu)樽優(yōu)榇髮懘髮?；some some 變變anyany例如例如第32頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（一般疑問句）（一般疑問句） He He is is a student. You a

22、 student. You areare a boy. a boy. Is Is he a student he a student？ Are Are youyou a boya boy？ I I cancan swim. swim. TheyThey areare teacher teachers s. . Can Can you swim you swim？ AreAre they tethey teacheracher？第33頁/共58頁 Ben is my friend. Is Ben your friend？變一般疑問句變一般疑問句第34頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（疑問句）（疑

23、問句） 句中沒有句中沒有bebe動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語為主語為非非第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問句第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問句在句首加在句首加dodo，句子中動(dòng)詞用，句子中動(dòng)詞用原形原形。主。主語為語為第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問句在句，一般疑問句在句首加首加doesdoes，句子中原有動(dòng)詞用，句子中原有動(dòng)詞用原形原形；SomeSome變變any.any.例如例如第35頁/共58頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（一般疑問句）（一般疑問句） 1 1、I to school by bus. I to school by bus. 疑疑問問句：句： you to school by bus. yo

24、u to school by bus. 2 2、He He to school by bus. to school by bus. 疑疑問問句：句： he he to school by bus. to school by bus. DoesDoesgogogoesgoesgogogogoDoDo第36頁/共58頁We go to school every day. Do you go to school every day?變一般疑問句變一般疑問句第37頁/共58頁Nancy likes playing computer games. Does Nancy like playing comp

25、uter games?變一般疑問句變一般疑問句第38頁/共58頁Ben wants some bread. Does Ben want any bread？變一般疑問句變一般疑問句第39頁/共58頁特殊疑問句 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)：where 人人：who 物物：what 年齡年齡：how old價(jià)錢價(jià)錢：how much 數(shù)量數(shù)量：how many第40頁/共58頁特殊疑問句有有bebe動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：疑問詞疑問詞+be+be動(dòng)動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ +主語主語+ +其它其它例如例如第41頁/共58頁特殊疑問句She can play piano.What can she

26、play？He is ten. How old is he？He is at home. Where is he ？Its 3 dollars. How much is it?第42頁/共58頁特殊疑問句沒有沒有bebe動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：詞構(gòu)成：疑問詞疑問詞+do+do（doesdoes）+ +主語主語+ +動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形+ +其它其它例如例如第43頁/共58頁 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：疑問詞疑問詞+一般疑問句？一般疑問句？I like playing football.Jim eats some bread every morning.Lingling has lunch a

27、t home.What do you like?What does Jim eat every morning?Where does Linging have lunch？Do you like playing football?Does Jim eat any bread every morning?Does Lingling have lunch at home?第44頁/共58頁 謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí), 其一般其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞形式有兩種現(xiàn)在時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞形式有兩種第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)或或原形原形。其否定句和。其否定句和疑問句要疑問句要借助借助于于does或或d

28、o來幫助構(gòu)來幫助構(gòu)成。成。6. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法小結(jié)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法小結(jié)第45頁/共58頁第46頁/共58頁hasplaymakewatches第47頁/共58頁dodoflyDoeswaterDoreadteaches第48頁/共58頁n12. They_ (have) the same hobby.dodogrowdoesdodoesDoeshavelikeshavecookingdoes第49頁/共58頁cleansdodoeshelpsdodoesreadinglikes第50頁/共58頁goesdoesrunwatch第51頁/共58頁studiesdoesdohav

29、e第52頁/共58頁beautifulbeautifullyuseswritelikedoes not likelikes第53頁/共58頁drawinghobbyplaydance第54頁/共58頁friends. Wang Bing wantssurfsstudiesplays第55頁/共58頁n We beautiful flowers. likedoesusually doDoes havegrow第56頁/共58頁用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.1. He often _(have) din

30、ner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. Wh

31、at _they often _(do) on 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.第57頁/共58頁感謝您的觀看！感謝您的觀看！第58頁/共58頁