高考英語第一輪 Unit4 Earthquakes精講精練復(fù)習(xí)題4 新人教版必修1

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1、Unit 4Earthquakes Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞聚焦 1．Without________(電)，life would not be so convenient today. 答案：　electricity 2．Don’t mention it again，or it will remind her of the________(痛苦) she has gone through. 答案：　suffering 3．When he got up，the ground________(震動(dòng)) and cracked under his feet. 答案：　shook/quaked 4．

2、After the war they saved those who were alive and ________(埋葬) the dead. 答案：　buried 5．They were________(困住) in a deep hole and couldn’t get out. 答案：　trapped 6．The firemen________(營(yíng)救) hundreds of people shortly after the earthquake. 答案：　rescued 7．She________(突然……，爆發(fā)) into tears at the news that

3、 his father had passed away. 答案：　burst 8．On arriving there，we offered our________(祝賀) to him on his success. 答案：　congratulations 9．He knows only a little English so he can’t________(表達(dá)) himself fluently. 答案：　express 10．It’s wrong of you to take________(躲避) under the tree in the storm. 答案：　she

4、lter Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語掃描 1．right 　　　　　　　　立刻，馬上 2． an end 結(jié)束；終結(jié) 3．dig 掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn) 4．think of 考慮的少，滿不在乎 5．lose 失去希望 6．a(chǎn)s 仿佛；好像 7．in 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪 8．a(chǎn) (great) of 許多，大量的 9．tens of of 數(shù)以萬計(jì)的 10．be of 以……而自豪 away at out little hope if ruins number thousands proud Ⅲ

5、.課文原句突破 1．仿佛到了世界末日！ ________ ________ ________ ________the world was at an end! 答案：　It seemed as if 2．死傷人數(shù)達(dá)到40多萬。 ________ ________ ________people who were killed or injured ________more than 400,000. 答案：　The number of；reached 3．他們無論朝哪里看，那里的一切都幾乎被毀了。 ________they looked nearly everything was

6、 destroyed. 答案：　Everywhere 4．并沒有喪失所有的希望。 ________hope was________lost. 答案：　All；not 5．解放軍組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者埋葬。 The army organized teams to________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ and to ________ ________ ________. 答案：　dig out those who were trapped；bury the dead 6．正如你所知，……這是那場(chǎng)地震

7、發(fā)生的日子。 ________ ________ ________，this is the day the quake happened... 答案：　As you know burst vt.& vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂開；(使)炸開；突然出現(xiàn)；爆發(fā)；n.突然破裂；爆發(fā) 教材原句P26：In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物的水管爆裂開來。 ①He couldn’t help bursting into tears when he heard the bad news.

8、當(dāng)他聽到這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)情不自禁淚流滿面。 ②We all thought his heart would burst with happiness. 我們都認(rèn)為他心中的快樂快要爆發(fā)出來了。 ③He burst into the room without knocking at the door. 他沒敲門就闖進(jìn)房間。 1.完成句子 她一聽到邁克爾·杰克遜死亡的消息，就失聲痛哭起來。 Hardly had she heard the news about the death of Michael Jackson when she ________________________.

9、答案：　burst out crying/burst into tears injure vt.損害；傷害 教材原句P26：Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他們中有2/3在地震中傷亡。 ①While crossing the road，an old man was knocked down by a car and badly injured. 過馬路時(shí)，一位老人被汽車撞倒且嚴(yán)重受傷。 ②Your words may injure her pride. 你的話也許會(huì)傷她的自尊。 ③Th

10、e injured were taken to the hospital. 受傷者被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。 辨析：injure，hurt與wound injure 傷害，特指意外傷害 hurt 受傷的一般用詞，既可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的傷害 wound 通常是指武器的傷害，如刀、槍等的傷害，尤其是指戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的傷害 2.用表“傷害”的詞填空： (1)What really________me was that he never answered my letter. (2)About 50 people were seriously________ in the att

11、ack. (3)Two men were seriously ________ trying to save a 5-year-old girl from the burning building. 答案：　(1)hurt (2)wounded(3)injured ruin n．[U] 毀壞；毀滅；崩潰；n.[C](pl.)廢墟；遺跡；v.(使)破產(chǎn)；(使)墮落；毀滅 教材原句P26：In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒內(nèi)，一座大城市就成為一片廢墟。 (1)be in ruins成為廢墟 br

12、ing...to ruin使……毀滅；使……沒落 come/fall＋to/into ruin滅亡；荒廢 (2)ruin oneself自取滅亡 ruin one’s health/fame毀壞某人的健康/名譽(yù) ①Some pre-war constructions were abandoned and eventually fell/came to ruin.一些戰(zhàn)前建筑被遺棄，并最終成為廢墟。 ②A terrible earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 可怕的地震使全城成為一片廢墟。 ③His hope of winning a

13、gold medal in the 11th National Games ruined because of his carelessness. 由于粗心他在11屆全運(yùn)會(huì)上獲一枚金牌的希望破滅了。 ④As is known to us，heavy smoking ruins our health. 眾所周知，吸煙過量毀壞身體健康。 3.“If you go on stealing，you will________your bright future，young man！” said the judge. A．destroy B．damage C．ruin D．break

14、解析：　這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞中，ruin可表示對(duì)抽象事物的毀壞，如毀掉“希望，理想，前程”等。 答案：　C 4．________is no wonder that the building is________now；it was so big a fire last night. A．It；in ruins B．That；in ruins C．There；in ruins D．It；in ruin 解析：“It is no wonder that...”是固定句式，表示“難怪……”；be/lay in ruins是固定短語，意為“成為廢墟”。 答案：A bury vt.埋葬，

15、掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸，使專心；插入，刺入 教材原句P26：The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 救援部隊(duì)組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來，并掩埋死者。 ①Their ambitions were finally dead and buried. 他們的雄心壯志最終被埋葬了。 ②Since she left，he’s buried himself in his work. 自從她走后，他全心撲在工作上。 ③Buried/Absorbed in his stud

16、y，he didn’t know that all the others had left.他埋頭學(xué)習(xí)，不知道其他人都早已離開了。 ④She sat there，buried in thought. 她坐在那兒，陷入了沉思。 5.完成句子 Hearing her only son killed in the accident，the old woman________________________(雙手掩面) and cried. 答案：　buried her face in her hands 6．________deep down in the earth，the dead

17、forests rotted away and became coal. A．Burying B．Buried C．To bury D．Having buried 解析：　bury與句子主語forests之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞作狀語。句意為：深深地埋在地下，枯死的林木慢慢腐爛變成了煤。 答案：　B judge v．?dāng)喽?；判斷；判決；n.裁判員；法官；評(píng)判員 教材原句P30：Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one th

18、is year. 五個(gè)裁判聽你的演講，他們都同意這是今年最好的演講。 ①I can’t judge whether he is right or wrong. 我不能斷定他是對(duì)還是錯(cuò)。 ②Judging from his expression，he was satisfied with my work. 從他的表情判斷，他對(duì)我的工作很滿意。 ③As far as I can judge，it is he rather than you is to blame. 據(jù)我判斷，是他而不是你該受責(zé)備。 ④In my judgement，it is necessary to pay

19、him a visit. 在我看來，有必要去拜訪一下他。 7.________to be the best student，Lucy received a scholarship，which made her parents very delighted and satisfied. A．Judging B．Judged C．To judge D．Being judged 解析：　句意為：被認(rèn)為是最好的學(xué)生，露西獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，這使父母非常高興和滿意。judge與主語Lucy之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語。 答案：　B 8．I haven’t read all of

20、 his books before，but________from the one I have read，I think he’s a very promising writer. A．judged B．judging C．determining D．determined 解析：　judging from...是固定短語，常在句中作狀語。不管它與主語是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，都要用judging from形式。 答案：　B at an end結(jié)束；終結(jié) 教材原句P26：It seemed as if the world was at an end! 好像世界末日到了。

21、 ①The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.我到達(dá)會(huì)議室時(shí)，會(huì)議快要結(jié)束了。 ②By the end of last year，he had learned two thousand English words.到去年底為止，他已學(xué)了2 000個(gè)英語單詞。 ③They decided to put an end to the quarrel. 他們決定結(jié)束爭(zhēng)吵。 ④Being out of work and having two young children，they found it imp

22、ossible to make ends meet.他們失業(yè)了，還要養(yǎng)活兩個(gè)小孩，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)無法維持起碼的生活。 9.He’s going to relax with friends once the exams are________and he has exciting plans for the summer holidays. A．a(chǎn)t the end B．by the end C．in the end D．a(chǎn)t an end 解析：　be at an end表示“結(jié)束，終結(jié)”，符合句意。at the end (of)在(……的)末端；by the end (of)到

23、(……)結(jié)束時(shí)；in the end最后。 答案：　D a (great) number of許多；大量 教材原句P26：Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. 那么多的人喪生是因?yàn)榈卣鸢l(fā)生在人們睡覺的時(shí)候。 修飾可 數(shù)名詞 a large/great/good number of，a good/great many，quite a few，dozens of，scores of，many a＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 修飾不可 數(shù)名詞 a good/

24、great deal of，a large amount of，quite a little 修飾可數(shù)或不 可數(shù)名詞 a lot of，lots of，a large quantity of，large quantities of，plenty of 表示“許多”的短語可分為三類： ①A large number of people applied for the job. 許多人申請(qǐng)了這份工作。 ②Because of the economic crisis，a great number of workers were out of work.由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，大量工人失去工作

25、。 ③Helen has a great many friends indeed，but she does not think she has any she can believe in. 海倫固然有許多朋友，可是她認(rèn)為沒有一個(gè)是可以信任的。 ④The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city.大城市里大量豐富的食品給這個(gè)來自小山村的窮苦的小女孩留下了深刻的印象。 (1)a number of＋pl.n.作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，

26、“許多……；大量……”。 the number of＋pl.n.作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，“……的數(shù)目”。如果說“數(shù)量多少”，要用large，small或high，low，不用many，few。 (2)large quantities of＋pl.n./[U]n.作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 large amounts of＋[U]n.作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 ⑤The number of homeless people has increased rapidly. 無家可歸的人數(shù)迅速增加。 ⑥Large quantities of clean water are badly neede

27、d in the flooded area.洪災(zāi)地區(qū)急需大量清潔的水。 10.(全國(guó)高考)As you can see，the number of cars on our roads________rising these days. A．was keeping B．keep C．keeps D．were keeping 解析：　句意為：正如你所見，目前道路上汽車的數(shù)量在不斷增加。the number of作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，可排除B、D；再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語these days 可知描述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以選C。 答案：　C 11．________children

28、whose parents had died in the earthquake________sent to live with families in other cities. A．A great number of；was B．A great number of；were C．The great number of；was D．The great number of；were 解析：　a great number of許多，后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 答案：　B It seemed as if the world was at an end! 似乎世

29、界末日來臨了！ as if是連詞詞組，意為“好像、好似”，相當(dāng)于as though，一般用于句型It looks/seems as if...中，其意思是“看起來好像……”。如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況接近事實(shí)，句子要用陳述語氣。 ①He acts (acted) as if (as though) he were an expert. 他表現(xiàn)得就像個(gè)專家。 ②They talked as if (as though) they had been friends for years. 他們談起話來就像多年的老朋友。 ③He treats me as if I were a stran

30、ger. 他待我如同陌生人。 ④Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain.Let’s hurry up. 看看天上的云彩！看起來要下雨，咱們快一點(diǎn)。 如果as if引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語和主句的主語相同，且含有be動(dòng)詞，可省略主語和be動(dòng)詞，這樣as if后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞。 ⑤She walked here and there on the playground as if (she was) looking for something.她在操場(chǎng)上來回走，好像在找

31、什么東西。 ⑥The old man was lying on the ground as if (he was) hurt badly.老人躺在地上，好像傷得很厲害。 ⑦He opened his mouth as if to say something. 他張開嘴好像要說什么。 12.(全國(guó)高考)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it________yesterday. A．was happening B．happens C．has happened D．happened 解析：　考查虛擬語氣。由as if引導(dǎo)的從

32、句通常用虛擬語氣，再結(jié)合前面的remembers 可知與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，因此用一般過去時(shí)。 答案：　D 13．________seemed that she was not interested in the topic they were talking about. A．There B．It C．She D．They 解析：　seem后面跟從句時(shí)，其主語應(yīng)為it。 答案：　B All hope was not lost.＝Not all hope was lost. 并沒有喪失所有的希望。 該句為不完全否定，也可稱之為部分否定。當(dāng)not與all，every

33、，everyone，everything，both連用時(shí)，皆表示不完全否定。 ①All these books are not popular with people. 這些書并非全都受人們的歡迎。 ②Not all my friends smoke.我的朋友并不都吸煙。 ③Everyone is not here.并不是人人都在這里。 no，none，no one，neither表示全部否定。 ④None of us was allowed to go there.我們?nèi)疾蛔屓ツ抢铩? ⑤Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as

34、my first visit to the Great Wall.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次參觀長(zhǎng)城。 14.(2010·江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is________like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．everything 解析：　句意為：游泳是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。作為保持健康的方式，沒有什么能比得上游泳了。本題考查不定代詞。根據(jù)上文可知，空格處需要一個(gè)表示否定意義的詞，所以C為答案。 答案：　C

35、 15．I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with________. A．everything B．a(chǎn)nything C．something D．nothing 解析：　句意為：我同意你說的大部分，但是我不同意全部。not...everything并非都。 答案：　A Ⅰ.選詞填空 judge from；a number of；as if；right away；burst out crying；dig ou 1．On seeing the frightening scene，the lit

36、tle girl was so frightened that she ________________________. 答案：　burst out crying 2．She loves the boy______________she were his mother. 答案：　as if 3．Although ________________________people were invited to his wedding，the number of people who actually came was small. 答案：　a number of 4．More than

37、 a dozen people________________of the ruins were still alive. 答案：　dug out 5．Hearing the news that his mother was ill in hospital，he rushed to the hospital________________. 答案：　right away 6．________________his accent，we know that he is from the south. 答案：　Judging from Ⅱ.完成句子 1．他太激動(dòng)了，以至于無法表達(dá)他對(duì)警

38、察們的感激之情。 He was________excited________________his thanks to the policemen. 答案：　too；to express 2．他是那么地受歡迎，不論到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。 He is ________popular________he is well welcome everywhere he goes. 答案：　so；that 3．這座城堡在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中被徹底毀壞了，現(xiàn)在已是一片廢墟。 The castle was________in the war and now it is______________. 答案：　

39、destroyed；in ruins 4．她待他如陌生人，這讓他很傷心。 She treats him______________he ________a stranger，which makes him very sad. 答案：　as if；were 5．聽到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束的消息，人們歡呼雀躍起來。 At the news that the war__________________________，people cheered and jumped with joy. 答案：　was at an end 6．圖書館遺失了很多書，因此學(xué)校決定采取一些措施。 ___________

40、_______________books in the library are lost，so the school has decided to take some action. 答案：　A great number of Ⅲ.語法專練 本單元語法——定語從句(Ⅰ) 1．(2010·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault. A．who B．that C．a(chǎn)s D．what 解析：　句意為：我拒絕接受因?yàn)閯e人的錯(cuò)誤而遭受的責(zé)備。本題考查定語從句關(guān)系

41、詞的選擇。先行詞在從句中作主語，而且為不定代詞something，關(guān)系詞只能用that。 答案：　B 2．(2010·重慶卷)In China，the number of cities is increasing________development is recognized across the world. A．where B．which C．whose D．that 解析：　句意為：在中國(guó)，城市的數(shù)量在快速地增加，其發(fā)展被世界所公認(rèn)。考查定語從句。先行詞為cities，代入定語從句后為：The cities’ development is recognized

42、 across the world.由此可見，先行詞在定語從句中作定語，故用whose。 答案：　C 3．(2011·安徽“江南十?！甭?lián)考)—When did your cousin begin to show his interest in medicine? —It was a Saturday________he noticed his uncle experimenting on a frog in his lab. A．that B．what C．when D．which 解析：　考查定語從句。解答有關(guān)定語從句題目的關(guān)鍵是：先找出先行詞，然后把先行詞代入從

43、句中，判斷其在從句中的地位和作用。該定語從句的先行詞是a Saturday，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞when。該題考生常誤選that，認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 答案：　C 4．(2011·東北三校聯(lián)合模擬)There are 51 students in Class Three，________failed in the test. A．a(chǎn)ll of which B．a(chǎn)ll of them C．none of whom D．none of them 解析：　考查定語從句。后半句是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞students，應(yīng)用whom引導(dǎo)。因?yàn)榍昂髢删渲g沒有并

44、列連詞，所以B、D兩項(xiàng)不正確。 答案：　C 5．(2011·濟(jì)南高考模擬)The time is drawing near________food raised in Space will directly benefit mankind. A．where B．when C．whether D．why 解析：　考查定語從句。句意為：在太空種植的食物直接使人類受益的時(shí)刻快要來了。when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞the time。 答案：　B 內(nèi)容總結(jié) （1）________hope was________lost. 答案：　All （2）沒落 come/fall＋to/into ruin滅亡