四川省攀枝花市米易中學(xué)高中英語 語法復(fù)習(xí) 定語從句講解及練習(xí)課件

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1、The Attributive Clause誰笑到最后誰笑得最好。誰笑到最后誰笑得最好。結(jié)局好結(jié)局好, 一切都好。一切都好。真正的友誼猶如健康的身體真正的友誼猶如健康的身體, 失去時失去時方知其可貴。方知其可貴。ProverbsFriendship is like health, the value of which is seldom know until it is lost.All is well that end well.He who laughs last laughs best.a beautiful flowera tall boybeautifultallThis is th

2、e best film that I have seen.the best film 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：My sisterMy sister, who is twenty, works in works in a bank.a bank. The man The man who came here yesterday has has come e again.限制性定語從句限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句

3、和主句關(guān)系十分密切，句和主句關(guān)系十分密切， 寫時不用逗號分開。寫時不用逗號分開。非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對先和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明，行詞作些附加說明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句，這種從句， 寫時往往逗號分開。寫時往往逗號分開。My wife who is in Shanghai will come back next week.My wife, who is in Shanghai, will come back next week.限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句

4、 非限制性定語從句 形式上： 有逗號分開 意思上： 去掉后無影響限制性定語從句 形式上： 無逗號 意思上： 不能省This is the best film that I have seen.the best film 先行詞This is the best film that I have seen.that關(guān)系詞啥時用關(guān)系代詞啥時用關(guān)系副詞呀！ 選用關(guān)系詞，需要看兩點選用關(guān)系詞，需要看兩點： 1.看先行詞看先行詞 2. 看關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞??？搓P(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。做主語，賓語，定語，表語做主語，賓語，定語，表語做狀語用做狀語用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代

5、詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that which who whom whose that即指人又指物即指人又指物, 作主語或賓語。作主語或賓語。which指物指物, 作主語或賓語。作主語或賓語。who, whom指人指人, who作主語作主語, whom作賓語。作賓語。that, which, whom在定在定語從句中語從句中作賓語時作賓語時, 可省去。可省去。 The man will succeed. He has a positive attitude.The man will succeed.who has a positive attitudewho 代替人代替人 在定語從句中作主語或

6、賓語在定語從句中作主語或賓語練習(xí)：用定語從句連成一個句子The girl is a singer. (定)The girl is sitting in the corner.The girlis a singer.who is sitting in the cornerwho練習(xí)：用定語從句連成一個句子He is the man.(定定)The man wants to speak to you.He is the man who wants to speak to you.who whom代替人在定語從句中作賓語 作賓語時whom可以省略This is the person.(定定)I ta

7、lked to the person just now.This is the personwhom I talked to just now.This is the personto whom I talked just now.whomI have many friends.(定定)I send postcards to my friends before their birthday. I have many friends whom I send postcards to before their birthday. I have many friends to whom I send

8、 postcards before their birthday.練習(xí)：用定語從句連成一個句子whomwhowhich指代物,在定語從句中既可作主語也可作賓語作賓語時which可省略Thinking is the key.The key opens the doors of the world. Thinking is the keywhich opens the doors of the world. Dont expect people to do things.(定)You wouldnt do the things yourself.Dont expect people to do t

9、hingsyou wouldnt do yourself.whichwhich 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why關(guān)系副詞 先行詞 在從句中的成分when時間時間狀語where 地點地點狀語why reason原因狀語when when可用可用in/on/at/during + which 代替代替I still remember the day.(定定)I first met him on the day.I still remember the day on which I first met him.whenwhichWHERE where可用in/on/at/to + w

10、hich代替The dictionary is the only place.(定)Success comes before work in the dictionary.The dictionary is the only place in which success comes before work.wherewhichABCAmerica is the country.I was born in the country.America is the country in which I was born.which.whereBBCBeijing is the city in whic

11、h I was born.where=American born Chinese=Beijing born Chinese關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋锞渥又髡Z 賓語定語口語表所屬關(guān)系whowhomwhichthatwhose as關(guān)系副詞指代所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謜henwherewhytimeplacereason時間狀語時間狀語地點狀語地點狀語原因狀語原因狀語on the top of the hillstalk to the studentlook after the baby先行詞在從句中作賓語時先行詞在從句中作賓語時,引導(dǎo)詞可省略引導(dǎo)詞可省略1.This is the

12、baby_ I shall look after tomorrow. 2.The student to _ you talked just now is a good football player.3.My family climbed up the hills on the top of _ we had a picnic before.4.He still lives in the room _ window faces to the east.(who/whom/that ) whomwhichwhosethe rooms window5. He still lives in the

13、room _ is in the north of the city.6. He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table.7. Ill never forget the days_ we studied together.8. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.9. Do you know the reason _ he did not come?10The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.we spen

14、t the dayswe studied together during the daysthere is a beautiful table in the roomwhich/ that(that /which)why/for whichwhere/in whichwhen/ during whichwhosethe room is in the north圍繞高考來釋難圍繞高考來釋難1、Do you have anything _you want to say for yourself?2、This is the very book _Im looking for.3、This is th

15、e best _has been used against pollution.4、What is the first American film _you have seen?5、I know the things and persons_he referred to.6、Which is the bike_you lost?7、They secretly built up a small factory which produced things_could cause pollution只用只用that的情況的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all much.little.s

16、omething.everything.anything.nothing.none.the one時時2.當(dāng)先行詞前面有當(dāng)先行詞前面有only.any.few. little.no.all. very等詞修飾時等詞修飾時 3.當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級形容詞最高級或它的或它的前面有形前面有形容詞最高級修飾容詞最高級修飾時時 4.當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞或它或它前面有序數(shù)詞修飾前面有序數(shù)詞修飾時時5.當(dāng)先行詞當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物既有人又有物時時6.當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或或which時時7.有兩個定語從句，其中一個關(guān)系代詞已用有兩個定語從句，其中一個關(guān)系代詞

17、已用which，另外一個宜用，另外一個宜用that反之，如果一個用反之，如果一個用that另一個用另一個用which只用WHICH 不用THAT的情況 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時 This is the house in he once lived. 先行詞是that或those時，引導(dǎo)詞用which That which you told him about is what we want to know 高考鏈接 My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. w

18、here D. it 解析：A which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句which只能用WHO的情況 1.先行詞one, ones, anyone, all, those指人時引導(dǎo)詞用who All_have studied this question have come to the same conclusion. A. which B. who C. that D. whom 2.在there be 句型中，先行詞指人時 There is a young lady asks for you.Bwho 3.從句中有兩個定語從句且都指人時，引導(dǎo)詞一個用who 一個用that The student

19、who was surprised is the monitor that is very modest(謙虛的)The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.1. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞whose還可以在從句中還可以在從句中 與它所修飾的詞一起作介詞賓語。與它所修飾的詞一起作介詞賓語。Note2. 先行詞是人先行詞是人, 從句中缺動詞賓語或從句中缺動詞賓語或 介詞賓語時介詞賓語時, 用用whom或或that(介詞介詞 后不用后不用 that)。The teacher wants to return the book

20、 to the girl from whom he borrowed it. He is the student (whom, who, that) youwant to see.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that, which , whom 在從句中作在從句中作賓語時可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時則賓語時可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時則不可省略。不可省略。1. The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who Key 解析解

21、析: 本題考察定語從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇本題考察定語從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇, 從句意可知先行詞從句意可知先行詞the famous basketball star(著名的籃球明星著名的籃球明星)是人是人, 所以應(yīng)用所以應(yīng)用 表示人的關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示人的關(guān)聯(lián)詞who。真題解析真題解析D2. (2006 北京北京) Women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. A. who;/ B. /; who C. who; who D. /;/ K

22、ey: C 解析解析: 本題考查兩個定語從句本題考查兩個定語從句, 這兩個這兩個 定語從句都缺少主語定語從句都缺少主語, 在定語從句中在定語從句中, 如果是關(guān)系代詞做定語從句的主語如果是關(guān)系代詞做定語從句的主語, 關(guān)系代詞不能省略關(guān)系代詞不能省略, 故答案選故答案選C。3. (2006 福建福建) Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. thatKey A解析解析: whose在定語從句中做在定語從句中做roof的的 定語定語, 用于修飾

23、用于修飾house.4. -Is that the small town you often refer to? -Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years. (2005 福建福建) A. that B. which C. where D. what Key C 解析解析: 從句中從句中you know是插入語是插入語, 所以所以 用用where引導(dǎo)表示地點的定語從句。引導(dǎo)表示地點的定語從句。11. Ive read all the books _ you gave me. 12. There is no difficult

24、y _ cant be overcome in the world. 13.This is the first thing _ I want to say.14. He keeps a record of everything _ he had seen there.15. The TV play I watched last night is the best one _ I have watched this year.(that)that(that)(that)(that)Now finish exercises 11-2016.Tell us about the people and

25、the places _ are different from ours. 17. This is the very thing _ I am after.18. Any person _ has the money can join the group. 19. Who is the person _ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?20. Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth? that(that)that/whothatthat復(fù)習(xí)定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞復(fù)習(xí)定語從句中的關(guān)系副

26、詞：when, where, whywhen, where, whywhenwhen在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+ + 關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（whichwhich）”。Ill never forget the day Ill never forget the day whenwhen I joined the league. I joined the league.on whichwherewhere在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當(dāng)于在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+ + 關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（whichwhich）”。This is the hous

27、e This is the house wherewhere I lived two years ago. I lived two years ago.in whichwhywhy在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于于“介詞介詞for+ for+ 關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（whichwhich）”。Do you know the reason Do you know the reason whywhy she was late. she was late.It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.1.He is

28、 the man_ house the pictures are taken. A. whose B.which C.from whose D.that2.He lives in the flat,_he can see_ is happen- ing in the street. A.there/what B.where/something C.from whose window/all that3.That was the most interesting film_I have seen. A. whose B.that C. which D.what4.Ahead of me I sa

29、w a woman_I thought was my aunt. A. who B. whom C. from whom D. of whom5.Watch the girl and her dog_are crossing the street. A. who B. which C. that D. theyCCBAC6. He is the very one of the students_ good at English. A. who does B.that is C.whom do D.which are7.The second book_I want to read is Trav

30、eis in China by Rewi Alley. A. which B. that C. what D.as8.He is the same teacher_spoke at the meeting on the opening ceremony. A. as B. whom C. that D. who9.The days_I spent in the countryside in my childhood was the happiest time_I had ever had in my life. D. that/that A. when/when B. when/that C.

31、 that /whichCBBD1. Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant?改錯whomwhosethat4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths.5. Tom is the

32、only one of the boys who like playing football.6. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now?7. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. arewholikes* As 和和which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：1.Which引導(dǎo)的從句與主句關(guān)系較密切，常放在主句之后；而引導(dǎo)的從句與主句關(guān)系較密切，常放在主句之后；而as引導(dǎo)從句，引導(dǎo)從句，可放在句首、句中或句尾?？煞旁诰涫?、句中或句尾。2.Which既可代

33、指先行詞，又可代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。相當(dāng)于既可代指先行詞，又可代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。相當(dāng)于“and this” or “ and that”. 譯為譯為“這一點這一點”。而而as 則只能代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。譯為則只能代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。譯為“正如正如.那樣那樣”，且已形成固定，且已形成固定結(jié)構(gòu)。如：結(jié)構(gòu)。如：as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected. Etc. eg. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist. As is reported, China has become an important country in the world. He didnt come to attend the meeting, as is expected. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.