2019版高考英語一輪鞏固達標練 Unit 1 Great Scientists（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

Great Scientists一、閱讀理解。They say if you love your job, youll never work a day in your life. We say if you travel for work, youll never have a boring mute(上下班往返) a day in your life. If the typical 9-to-5 isnt working for you, here are some options that will pay you to travel. No matter your current skill set, you can probably do it somewhere else.Represent abroad The State Department is actively hiring Foreign Service Officers, and its probably easier than you think to bee one. Youll have to a lot of tests, but if you pass, youll spend the next years of your life working around the world. A Junior Foreign Service Officer starts at $71,000 a year. Teaching English as a Second Language abroad is one of the best ways to deepen understanding of another culture. Theres no need to be a certified English teacher in order to go abroad. In this program in China, soon-to-be teachers go abroad to obtain their Teaching English as a Foreign Language(TEFL) certifications. A beginning teacher in China will earn $2,500 for working six months, plus room and board. A cruise ship is a floating village. Therefore, any job that you could have in a village you could have onboard a ship-even auctioneering(做拍賣師). Carnival is hiring an art auctioneer to work aboard a luxury cruise ship. The only qualifications necessary are a college degree and public speaking skills. Goinggoingsold.Write the rails Writers can reimagine themselves as rail-surfing Jack Kerouacs, crossing the country and writing from coast to coast on the Amtrak Writers Residency. The application process consists of two questions, as well as the opportunity to provide up to a 20-page writing sample. Amtrak will select 24 writers to participate in the program with the help from a panel of judges. Although the project wont replace a full-time job, its really a fun opportunity. The application period for 2016 has closed, but applications will reopen in the fall.1. Which job requires a college degree?A. Representing abroad B. Teaching English in ChinaC. Selling art on the seas D. Writing the rails2. The advertisement is intended for .A. those who are tired of their present jobsB. those who want to have a job with travelingC. those who just graduate from universityD. those who want to go on vacation abroad3. What may Jack Kerouacs be?A. Director of the Amtrak Writers ResidencyB. A sportsman devoted to rail-surfingC. An applicant of the programD. A famous writer【語篇解讀】這則廣告是為那些想要在旅行中工作的人，推薦了一些職位。1. C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由Carnival is hiring an art auctioneer to work aboard a luxury cruise ship. The only qualifications necessary are a college degree and public speaking skills. Goinggoingsold.可知在海上賣藝術(shù)品要求大學學歷，選C。3. D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由Writers can reimagine themselves as rail-surfing Jack Kerouacs, crossing the country and writing from coast to coast on the Amtrak Writers Residency.可知Jack Kerouacs可能是一位著名作家，選D。二、語法填空。China will allow all couples to have two children，_1_ (give) up its decadeslong onechild policy, the munist Party of China (CPC) _2_ (announce) after a key meeting on Thursday.The change of policy is intended to balance population development and meet the challenge of an aging population, according to a muniqu (公報)_3_ (issue) after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th munist Party of China (CPC) Central mittee held from Monday to Thursday.The proposal must be approved by the top legislature (立法機關(guān)) _4_ it es into force.Chinas family planning policy was first introduced in the late 1970s _5_ (control) the rapid _6_ (grow) of the population by limiting most urban couples _7_ one child, and as to rural couples, they can have two children on condition that their firstborn child was a girl. The policy was later relaxed. Parents _8_ were both only children in their family could have _9_ second child.The onechild policy was _10_ (far) loosened in November 2013 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central mittee, and couples are allowed to have two children if one of them is an only child.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文，講述了中國的“全面二孩”政策的由來。1giving考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子主語China與give up之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應用動詞ing形式作狀語，故填giving。2announced考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語on Thursday可知，本處應用一般過去時。3issued考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，issue與muniqu之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞issued作定語。4before考查連詞。句意：提議在生效之前必須得到最高立法機關(guān)的批準。before “在之前”。5to control考查非謂語動詞。中國于20世紀70年代晚期開始實施計劃生育政策以控制急劇增長的人口。本處應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。6growth考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示控制急劇增長的人口，應用名詞作賓語，故填growth。7to考查介詞。limit . to . “限定到”是固定搭配。8who/that考查定語從句的引導詞。夫婦雙方均為獨生子女的，還可以再生一個孩子。本處先行詞為parents，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，故填who/that。9a考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞，意為“再，又”。這里指“再生一個小孩，或可生第二個孩子”。10further考查副詞的比較級。根據(jù)句意“一孩政策進一步放松”可知，本處應用比較級；由于本處不是表距離，而是表事情的程度，故填further。三、完形填空。閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項。Though Dad looked tired and weak，his smile was as sure as ever.It was another _1_ of pneumonia(肺炎)My husband and I stayed with him for the_2_ but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning.Local relatives would see that Dad was home from the hospital，and they would visit him _3_，prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments.But I _4_ to be able to let him know that we _5_ ，too，even when we werent with him.Then I remembered a family _6_ I started when our children were small.When leaving their grandparents home after a visit，each child would _7_ a love note in the house for them to _8_ after we were gone.They hid notes somewhere.For days after our _9_ ，their grandparents would _10_ as they discovered these reminders of our love.So as I _11_ Dads rooms，I began writing notes.Some were _12_.“Dad，I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldnt _13_.”Some expressed my love.“Dad，I hope you sleep well in your new bed.”Most notes were _14_ where he would lived for several weeks until he regained _15_ ，but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow.“Dad，if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.We are so _16_ ！”While others cared for Dads daily _17_ ，we，of course，would stay in touch by phone.But our notes were a _18_ reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period.Just like his medicines improved him physically，these“_19_ vitamins”(維生素)would improve his spiritual health.Several weeks later，Dad phoned and said，“Ill tell you that I just found your _20_ under my upstairs pillow！”I smiled at last.1A.experience BattackCdisaster Dpain2A.weekday BnightCweekend Dholiday3A.regularly BrarelyCsuddenly Doccasionally4A.happened BdreamedCagreed Dlonged5A.feared BcaredCcalmed Dregretted6A.hobby BgameCtradition Dbusiness7A.hide BwriteCcopy Dleave8A.recall BrememberCenjoy Dfind9A.exchange BdepartureCarrival Descape10A.weep BsighCsmile Dscream11A.tidied BenteredCdesigned Dequipped12A.brief BseriousCsincere Dpractical13A.spill BspoilCboil Dfreeze14A.upstairs BdownstairsCoutside Dindoors15A.sense BwealthCstrength Dconsciousness16A.glad BfortunateCanxious Dbusy17A.exercises BneedsCfeelings Dsufferings18A.final BvisualCsmooth Dconcrete19A.emotional BexpensiveCeffective Dexcellent20A.gift BloveCnote Dletter【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文。父親得了肺炎后，作者夫妻倆由于工作日要工作，不能照顧父親，心中感到非常難過。這時作者想起了家庭的傳統(tǒng)，于是便帶著孩子一起在父親家里藏各種各樣的表達愛的紙條，幫助父親一起從疾病中康復過來。1B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指父親第二次肺炎發(fā)作。A項意為“經(jīng)歷”；B項意為“發(fā)作，侵襲”； C項意為“災難”；D項意為“疼痛”。故選B項。2C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning”可知，此處指“我”和丈夫周末陪父親。A項意為“工作日”；B項意為“晚上”；C項意為“周末”；D項意為“假期”。故選C項。3A考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments”并結(jié)合四個選項可知，此處指親戚們定期地去家里看望父親，給他準備吃的，帶他去看醫(yī)生。A項意為“定期地，有規(guī)律地”；B項意為“很少”；C項意為“突然”；D項意為“偶爾”。故選A項。4D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“我”渴望讓父親知道“我們”也關(guān)心他，甚至在“我們”不在他身邊的時候。A項意為“發(fā)生”；B項意為“夢想”；C項意為“同意”；D項意為“渴望”。故選D項。5B考查動詞辨析。上文提到親戚們會定期去家里看望父親，照顧他，此處承接上文，指“我”渴望讓父親知道“我們”也關(guān)心他。A項意為“害怕”；B項意為“關(guān)心，關(guān)懷”；C項意為“使鎮(zhèn)靜”；D項意為“后悔，遺憾”。故選B項。6C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指一個家庭的傳統(tǒng)。A項意為“愛好”；B項意為“游戲”；C項意為“傳統(tǒng)”；D項意為“生意”。故選C項。7A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“They hid notes somewhere.”可知，此處指每個孩子在屋子都會藏一張愛的紙條。A項意為“藏，隱蔽”； B項意為“寫”；C項意為“復制，抄寫”；D項意為“離開”。故選A項。8D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“their grandparents would _ as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此處指當“我們”離開后，“我”的父母會找到這些愛的紙條。A項意為“回憶”；B項意為“記得”；C項意為“喜歡，享受”；D項意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選D項。9B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“after we were gone”可知，此處指當我們離開后的幾天里。A項意為“交換”；B項意為“離開”；C項意為“到達”；D項意為“逃跑”。故選B項。10C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此處指當他們找到這些愛的紙條后，會露出笑容。A項意為“哭泣”；B項意為“嘆氣”；C項意為“微笑”；D項意為“尖叫”。故選C項。11A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合四個選項可知，“我”整理父親的房間時，開始寫紙條。A項意為“整理，使整潔”；B項意為“進入”；C項意為“設計”；D項意為“裝備”。故選A項。12D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Dad, I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldnt _.”可知，一些紙條的內(nèi)容是實用的。A項意為“簡潔的”； B項意為“嚴肅的，嚴重的”；C項意為“真誠的”；D項意為“實際的，真實的”。故選D項。13B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)常識和語境可知，此處指把牛奶放在冰箱里，這樣它就不會變質(zhì)了。A項意為“溢出，潑出”；B項意為“變質(zhì)，變壞，腐敗”；C項意為“燒開，煮沸”；D項意為“冷藏”。故選B項。14B考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此處指“我”把大多數(shù)紙條放在了樓下。A項意為“樓上”；B項意為“在樓下”；C項意為“在外面”；D項意為“在室內(nèi)”。故選B項。15C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Dad, if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.”可知，父親會在樓下待幾周直到他體力恢復。A項意為“感覺”；B項意為“財富”；C項意為“體力，力氣”；D項意為“知覺”。故選C項。16A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文和常識可知，當?shù)弥赣H身體恢復健康后，“我們”都非常高興。A項意為“高興的”；B項意為“幸運的”；C項意為“焦急的”；D項意為“忙碌的”。故選A項。17B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“we, of course, would stay in touch by phone”可知，其他人來照顧父親的日常需要。A項意為“練習”；B項意為“需要”；C項意為“感覺”；D項意為“痛苦，苦難”。故選B項。18D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period”可知，這些紙條是我們對父親的愛的具體表達。A項意為“最終的”；B項意為“視覺的”；C項意為“光滑的”； D項意為“具體的，確實的”。故選D項。19A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“would improve his spiritual health”可知，這些情感的維生素改善了父親的精神狀態(tài)。A項意為“情感的，情緒的”；B項意為“昂貴的”；C項意為“有效的”；D項意為“卓越的”。故選A項。20C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此處指父親告訴“我”，他找到了“我”藏在樓上的紙條。A項意為“禮物”；B項意為“愛”；C項意為“便條，短箋”；D項意為“信”。故選C項。長難句分析：When leaving their grandparents home after a visit，each child would hide a love note in the house for them to find after we were gone.(第二段第二句)分析：When引導時間狀語從句，此處省略主語each child和be動詞；after引導時間狀語從句。譯文：當每一個孩子拜訪他們的祖父母之后要離開的時候，他們都會在房子里藏一張充滿愛的紙條讓祖父母在他們走后尋找。四、短文改錯。One day, an old man was returning home after shopping. Suddenly, a bag of waste fell in the sky, nearly hitting him on his head. He was greatly frightening by the unexpected incident. Dropped the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly. What dangerous it was!Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living highly in an apartment. It was that person who was to blame for. Every one of us should behave politely and think more about other. Only when we each behaved properly can our society be changed into a pleasant one.答案：One day, an old man was returning home after shopping. Suddenly, a bag of waste fell the sky, nearly hitting him on head. He was greatly by the unexpected incident. the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly. dangerous it was!Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living in an apartment. It was that person who was to blame . Every one of us should behave politely and think more about . Only when we each properly can our society be changed into a pleasant one.難項分析：第二處：histhe考查冠詞。動詞sb.介詞the身體部位為固定用法，此處表示“幾乎擊中了他的頭部”。第四處：DroppedDropping考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語he與分詞之間為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。第九處：otherothers考查代詞。other為形容詞“其他的”；others為代詞，指代“其他人”。五、七選五