2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 1 Living well（含解析）新人教版選修7.doc

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選修7Unit 1　Living well 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 It is easy to overlook 1. role that your body plays in 2.(influence) your mood.When you are ill,you may find 3. blaming work pressures or an unknown future.However,it could just be that you have been sitting behind your desk too long. One way 4.(improve) your mood is exercise.Psychologically,it provides you 5. a break from the stresses in your life.Also,in the process,you may aim for clear goals,like a new 6.(person) running record or a better body shape.The achievement of a particular goal 7.(make) you feel good and contributes to your 8.(confident).That is why exercise has been shown to build up your self-respect. You do not have to train yourself hard to feel the psychological benefits of exercise.What 9.(real) matters is frequency,not intensity of your exercise.You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or 10.(simple) gardening on weekends. 答案 1.the　2.influencing　3.yourself　4.to improve　5.with　 6.personal　7.makes　8.confidence　9.really　10.simply (對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P158) 一．高考單詞→識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用 1．核心詞匯 ①__conduct__ n．行為；品行 vt.指揮；管理；主持 ②__adapt__ vt.使適應(yīng)；改編 ③__resign__ vi.& vt.辭職；辭去(工作、職位等) ④graduate vt.畢業(yè) __graduation__ n．畢業(yè) ⑤__adequate__ adj.足夠的；充分的 ⑥ambition n．雄心；野心 __ambitious__ adj.有雄心的；有野心的 ⑦beneficial adj.有益的；受益的 __benefit__ n．利益；好處 ⑧absence n．缺席；不在某處 __absent__ adj.缺席的；不在的 ⑨annoy vt.使……不悅；惹惱 __annoyed__ adj.頗為生氣的 __annoying__ adj.使人煩惱的 ⑩suitable adj.適合的；適宜的 __suit__ vt.使適合 2．?？荚~匯 ①abolish vt.__廢除；廢止__ ②psychology n．__心理學(xué)__ ③access n．__(接近的)方法；通路__ accessible adj.__可接近的；可使用的__ ④approval n．__贊成；認(rèn)可__ approve v．__支持；贊成；同意__ ⑤literature n．__文學(xué)；著作__ 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．These include custommade navigation (導(dǎo)航) tools, night vision (視覺(jué)；視野；洞察力) systems and intelligent (智能的；聰明的) speed __adaptations__ (adapt)．(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) 2．We’re looking at the __benefits__ (benefit) of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) 3．In the __absence__ (absent) of wolves, coyote (草原狼；小野狼) populations also grew quickly.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) 4．His latest book The Social Animal，however，is more __ambitious__ (ambition) and serious than his earlier books.(2015湖北卷) 5．Big Ideas for Little Kids includes everything a teacher，a parent，or a college student needs to teach philosophy to elementary school children from picture books.Written in a clear and __accessible__ (access) style.(2016浙江卷) 6．The same cognitive (認(rèn)知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may __have been adopted/be adopted__ (adopt) by adult scientists.(2016浙江卷) 7．She __encouraged__ (courage) a sense of munity (社區(qū)) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) 8．What can be a __suitable__ (suit) title for the text？(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) ?高頻復(fù)合形容詞速記 ①absentminded 心不在焉的 ②hardworking 努力工作的 ③straightforward 直率的 ④strongwilled 意志堅(jiān)定的 ⑤wellknown 著名的 ⑥widespread 廣泛的 ⑦worldwide 世界范圍的 ⑧worthwhile 值得的 ?后綴ance/ence表示“性質(zhì)”，“狀況”，“行為”，“程度”等名詞一覽 ①allowance 默許，默認(rèn) ②appearance 出現(xiàn)；外表 ③guidance 指導(dǎo)；向?qū)? ④insurance 安全；保障 ⑤performance 表演 ⑥dependence 依賴，依靠 ⑦existence 存在；生存 ⑧independence 獨(dú)立；自立 ⑨preference 優(yōu)先選擇；偏愛(ài) ?“目標(biāo)、夢(mèng)想”有關(guān)的高頻詞速覽 ①destination n．目的地；目標(biāo) ②object n．& v．目標(biāo)；意向；目的；反對(duì) ③purpose n．目的；意圖 ④target n．目標(biāo)；對(duì)象；靶子 ⑤dream n．夢(mèng)想 ⑥intention n．意圖 ?“生氣”相關(guān)單詞聚焦 ①annoy vt.使……不悅 ②annoyed adj.生氣的 ③annoying adj.使人煩惱的 ④angry adj.生氣的 ⑤anger n．生氣 ⑥upset adj.心煩的 ?“ion→ious”相關(guān)單詞小結(jié) ①ambition→ambitious adj.有雄心的 ②religion→religious adj.宗教的 ③caution→cautious adj.小心的 【完形填空】 I was a shy kid.Nothing seemed harder than talking to people.I didnt even like to answer the phone for fear that Id have to talk to somebody I didnt know. __1__ ，at school I had to spend all day in the pany of others.My __2__ was studying.It was something I could do __3__ and by myself.I spent a lot of time studying and was __4__ with good grades. Eventually I went to college.I came to realize that some people were rather fun to __5__ with.Yet my childhood __6__ carried over and I found myself tonguetied and __7__ whenever I found myself in a conversation. One day while on campus，I __8__ an advertisement for a position on the local classical music __9__ station.I had grown up listening to classical music，and I loved it. In order to get the job，applicants needed to be interviewed.I had absolutely no background in radio，and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me.I didnt really want the job.I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n) __11__. Two weeks __12__ ，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job. It was a __13__ job，but I grew to enjoy it.I announced music to thousands of __14__ in the city，sometimes answering their calls and __15__ to their requests.I began to feel fortable talking to these people，these strangers who I couldnt even __16__. Although I now spend much time talking with people，Im still basically a __17__ person.My former shyness is a gift，as I can __18__ people who feel disfort when they talk to strangers.I still enjoy moments of being __19__.But Im also glad I decided to make a __20__ in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed. 1．A.However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Besides 2．A.advice B．practice C．task D．escape 3．A.obviously B．simply C．quietly D．poorly 4．A.filled B．rewarded C．decorated D．faced 5．A.help out B．catch up C．put up D．hang out 6．A.happiness B．shyness C．kindness D．goodness 7．A.excited B．a(chǎn)stonished C．embarrassed D．interested 8．A.noticed B．posted C．realized D．believed 9．A.fire B．gas C．TV D．radio 10．A.terrified B．pleased C．satisfied D．a(chǎn)mazed 11．A.child B．singer C．interviewer D．a(chǎn)pplicant 12．A.ago B．later C．before D．since 13．A.wellpaid B．puzzling C．fortable D．challenging 14．A.listeners B．followers C．viewers D．dancers 15．A.referring B．responding C．offering D．paring 16．A.feel B．move C．hear D．see 17．A.busy B．warm C．quiet D．smart 18．A.look into B．relate to C．bine with D．worry with 19．A.alone B．a(chǎn)live C．a(chǎn)ctive D．a(chǎn)wake 20．A.plan B．mistake C．change D．dream 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】該文主要講述了害羞的作者通過(guò)應(yīng)聘電臺(tái)工作而實(shí)現(xiàn)自我突破的故事。 1．A　根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。然而，作者在學(xué)校里不得不和同學(xué)們相處。 2．D　根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，害羞的作者在學(xué)校用學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)逃避與人交流。 3．C　與語(yǔ)境“by myself”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者一個(gè)人安安靜靜地做功課。 4．B　與語(yǔ)境“with good grades”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者在學(xué)習(xí)上的付出得到了豐厚的回報(bào)，成績(jī)突出。 5．D　由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最終意識(shí)到了和朋友相處是有趣的。hang out“常去某處”。 6．B　根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid”并結(jié)合“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，作者童年時(shí)代的害羞個(gè)性還存在。 7．C　根據(jù)“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，和他人交流時(shí)溝通不順暢是令人尷尬的。 8．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者在校園里注意到了一則讓他感興趣的廣告。 9．D　根據(jù)下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，這是一則電臺(tái)的招募廣告。 10．A　根據(jù)“I had absolutely no background in radio”并結(jié)合下文的“I didnt really want the job”可推知，作者因自己沒(méi)有廣播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，與下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼應(yīng)。 11．C　作者害怕與成千上萬(wàn)的聽(tīng)眾交流，只想證明自己能夠和面試官交談。 12．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，時(shí)間已經(jīng)過(guò)去了兩周。 13．D　根據(jù)上文可知，這項(xiàng)工作需要與成千上萬(wàn)的聽(tīng)眾交流，這對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)有一定的挑戰(zhàn)性，且與語(yǔ)境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼應(yīng)。 14．A　與上文的“and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me”呼應(yīng)可推知，此處表示作者給聽(tīng)眾播放音樂(lè)。 15．B　與語(yǔ)境“answering their calls”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者回應(yīng)聽(tīng)眾的要求。 16．D　根據(jù)上文可知，作者應(yīng)聘的是電臺(tái)工作，和聽(tīng)眾們基本上是不見(jiàn)面的。 17．C　根據(jù)“still”的提示并結(jié)合上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，作者盡管現(xiàn)在花費(fèi)很多時(shí)間和人們交流，但是本質(zhì)上還是一個(gè)不多說(shuō)話的人，與下文的“My former shyness is a gift”呼應(yīng)。 18．B　結(jié)合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能夠理解那些和他相同的人。relate to“理解，認(rèn)同”。 19．A　根據(jù)上文的“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者仍舊喜歡獨(dú)處。 20．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，作者通過(guò)做電臺(tái)工作有了重大改變，從而人生有了更多的可能性。 二．重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)→識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用 1．動(dòng)詞＋介詞(副詞) ①adapt __to__ 適應(yīng) ②cut __out__ 切去；省略；停止 ③sit __around__ 閑坐著 ④meet __with__ 遇到；經(jīng)歷；會(huì)晤 2．其他形式 ①__in__ other words 換句話說(shuō) ②out __of__ breath 上氣不接下氣 ③all __in__ all 總而言之 ④__in__ many ways 在很多方面 ⑤make fun __of__ 取笑 ⑥__as__ well as 和；也 用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．You had better __cut out__ the last two paragraphs of the article. 2．My friends，__as well as__ John were invited. 3．His suggestions __met with__ widespread disapproval and so he had to give in. 4．By the roadside several young girls were __sitting around__，looking bored. 5．He could not stand __being made fun of__ in front of so many people. 6．The children found it hard to __adapt to__ their new school. ?out of＋n.表示“不在某狀態(tài)” ①out of sight 看不見(jiàn) ②out of control 失控 ③out of date 過(guò)時(shí) ④out of fashion 不再流行 ⑤out of order 出毛病 ⑥out of work 失業(yè) ⑦out of question 沒(méi)問(wèn)題；無(wú)疑 ⑧out of the question 不可能的 ?v.＋around 一族速記 ①go around 習(xí)慣于 ②play around 胡鬧；無(wú)所事事 ③show around 參觀 三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫(xiě)中學(xué)通 背原句 學(xué)句型 練仿寫(xiě) 1.Sometimes，too，I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. 有時(shí)候我的身體也太虛弱，上不了學(xué)，因此落下了很多功課。 too...to...“太……而不能……”。 說(shuō)實(shí)話，他很固執(zhí)，你說(shuō)服不了他跟我們一起去。 To be honest，he is __too stubborn for you to persuade__ him to go with us. 2.I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 我的生活很充實(shí)，沒(méi)有時(shí)間閑坐著顧影自憐。 feeling sorry for myself是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 你每天早晨醒來(lái)都感到精力充沛并準(zhǔn)備好開(kāi)始新的一天嗎？ Do you wake up every morning __feeling energetic__ and ready to start a new day？ 3.For disabled customers it would be more convenient to place the toilets near the entrance to the cinema. 在影院入口處的附近安排廁所會(huì)讓殘疾人顧客感覺(jué)更加方便。 It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.“方便(某人)做某事”。 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物相當(dāng)方便，而且還可以買到各種廉價(jià)商品。 __It is quite convenient to shop online__ and you can also buy a wide variety of goods at a low price. 【短文改錯(cuò)】 Living without an aim is like sailing without pass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get lose. Last term，I couldnt accept the truth which I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped from classes frequently.Considered my case，my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math.Finally，I work harder than ever and made great progress in her math.In my opinion，success lies in a series of goals.However，we should remember to make our targets clearly and spare no effort to realize our dreams. 【答案】　 Living without an aim is like sailing without pass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get . Last term，I couldnt accept the truth I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped classes frequently. my case，my teacher offered me several detailed and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math.Finally，I harder than ever and made great progress in math.In my opinion，success lies in a series of goals. ，we should remember to make our targets and spare no effort to realize our dreams. 第一處：pass前加a。考查冠詞。pass為可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指，要用不定冠詞。 第二處：lose→lost?？疾樾稳菰~。此處的get為系動(dòng)詞，故其后應(yīng)用形容詞。 第三處：which→that?？疾槊~性從句。名詞truth后為同位語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺少成分，故用that。 第四處：刪除from?？疾榻樵~。skip classes意為“逃課”，故from多余。 第五處：Considered→Considering。考查介詞。此處應(yīng)用介詞considering在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 第六處：approach→approaches?？疾槊~。approach作“方法”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞；由前面的several可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第七處：work→worked?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，work的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 第八處：her→my?？疾榇~。此處表示“我的數(shù)學(xué)有了很大進(jìn)步”，故代詞應(yīng)用my。 第九處：However→Therefore?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知， 此處為因果關(guān)系；后面有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，故應(yīng)用Therefore。 第十處：clearly→clear?？疾樾稳菰~。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作make的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明名詞targets。