2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪選練編題 Unit 2 Robots（含解析）新人教版選修7.doc

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Unit 2 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練 (選修7　Unit 2) 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 It has proved to be the case in the last few decades that English would be the global language. However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the 1.absence(absent) of a native language environment. Some 2.respected(respect) theories on language acquisition believe that to learn a foreign language, you need to 3.be__surrounded(surround) by some native speakers. Sadly, most of the English learners can not live in the native country, 4.whichmeans we can only depend on our school resources. So teachers have to guarantee 5.an adequate amount of input in English, which can be conveyed to the students through 6.various(vary) mediums. Since extracurricula work may accelerate language learning, here are some 7.suggestions(suggest) to English learners: listening to an English song several times in one week after 8.reading(read) the words. Try 9.to__adjust(adjust) the language to English in parts you know well while watching a favourite DVD. Studying with friends. Rewarding yourself, including informing a friend 10.of your targets so they can help motivate you as well. Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Each year,hikers and mountain bikers get lost or injured in the wilderness.Search and rescue efforts can involve 20 or more people.But a new “smart” drone(無(wú)人機(jī)) can follow hiking trails(小路) without a pilot’s assistance.This could allow rescuers to search more efficiently. Scientists outfitted a craft with a single camera.As the drone’s “eye”,the camera pointed forwards.But having an eye wasn’t enough.The drone also needed a “brain” to understand what it was seeing.And that brain would have to recognize what constitutes a trail.Camera images,however,can be very difficult for a puter to interpret,study leader Alessandro Giusti notes.So he and his team used photos of forest trails to train their drone’s neural network(神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)). They attached three GoPro cameras to a single headband.One camera pointed straight forward.The other two were directed 30 degrees to the right and left of the centre.A hiker put the package on and then hit the trails in a forested part of Switzerland.Over several weeks,the cameras recorded a total of 8 hours of video covering 7 kilometres of trails. The researchers then divided the video into individual still images to train the neural network.The network learned to identify what a trail looked like.The team then tested the program with unused images from the video.The puter did a slightly better job than the people had in correctly classifying the images.This meant the drone was ready to navigate the real world on its own.Giusti and his team took their now “smart” device to a forest with trails that had not been used in the drone’s training.It flew along the path,constantly adjusting its direction based on the images ing in through its camera. The drone didn’t perform as well in real-life as it did in the lab,Giusti admits.That’s because the drone’s camera took lower-quality images than the cameras that had been used to train it.As a result,the images being taken by the drone looked different,he explains.This confused its neural network. “It’s an exciting use for neural networks,” says Christopher Rasmussen,a puter-vision scientist who was not involved with the study.“However,the problems faced in the experiments show that there are still some important issues to be worked out.” 1.The “smart” drone has been created in order to help 　　　. A.find travelers who get lost B.ensure the safety of travelers C.deliver necessities to travelers D.show travelers the way to a place 2.While being tested to classify the images in the lab,the puter 　　　. A.did as well as the people B.did a lot better than the people C.did much worse than the people D.did a little better than the people 3.Why didn’t the drone perform well in the forest? A.The light in the forest was very poor. B.The trees or bushes covered the trails. C.The drone couldn’t fly very low there. D.The pictures taken were of poor quality. 4.What is Christopher Rasmussen’s attitude towards the results of the experiments? A.Critical.　　　　　　　B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Optimistic. B (2016石家莊調(diào)研檢測(cè)) Shopping centres,stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime. A California pany called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime.Knightscope says the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots guard. William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope.He says,“These robot security guards will change the world.Our planet has seven billion people on it.It’s going to quickly get to nine billion people.The security equipment that we have globally is just not going to develop that fast.The pany’s Autonomous Data Machines can bee the eyes and ears of law enforcement (執(zhí)行).” “You want it to be machines plus humans.Let the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic decision-making work,so it’s always working all together.” The machines are one and a half meters tall and weigh 136 kilograms.They do not carry weapons but they have day-and-night time video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons. Some people may bee concerned about their privacy,especially in connection with the video recordings.Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet.Eugene Volokh,a law professor at the University of California,says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video. William Santana Li says there is a long waiting list for the robots in the US.Workers in the pany are working overtime to meet the demands of the market.At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robotic security guards. 5.What can this new tool do for humans? A.Make strategic decisions. B.Keep watching day and night. C.Carry heavy weapons. D.Stop crime autonomously. 6.Why are people worried? A.Their privacy may be let out. B.The robots are very expensive. C.Robots will replace humans. D.They will be out of work soon. 7.Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A.Robots Are Being More Popular B.Robots Contribute a Lot to the World C.Robots Are in Great Demand Now D.Security Robots Could Help Cut Crime C “Congratulations,Mr.Jones!It’s a girl.” Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different answer from every man who hears these words.Some feel proud when they receive the news,while others worry,wondering whether they will be good fathers.Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them,others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them.Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time.For other couples,pregnancy(懷孕) was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly. Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child,it is obvious that the change from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task.Yet,unfortunately,few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this re-socialization process.Although many good books have been written about American mothers,only recently have some books discussed the role of a father. It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father’s role,although difficult,is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother’s role.The mother’s role seems to require a plete transformation of daily routine and adaptation to a new life,on the other hand,the father’s role is less demanding and immediate.However,even though we have mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home,the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household. 1.According to the author,being a father________. A.brings a feeling of excitement to some men B.has a different meaning for those who have daughters C.makes some men feel proud and others uneasy D.means nothing but more responsibilities 2.It is stated in the passage that______. A.some parents are not prepared to have a child B.young couples do not like children at all C.working couples do not have much time to take care of their children D.many parents look forward to having a boy as their first child 3.The transition to the mother’s role requires that the wife____. A.changes her life style in a quite different way B.makes a plete change in her everyday life to deal with the new situation C.stays at home to take care of the baby D.helps her husband in his re-socialization process 參考答案： 1.C; 2.A; 3.B 解析： 本文主要講述從丈夫的角色轉(zhuǎn)換到父親的角色是一個(gè)很難的過(guò)程。 1.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“Some feel proud when they receive the news,while others worry...”可推知此題答案為C項(xiàng)。 2.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“...pregnancy(懷孕) was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.”可推知此題答案為A項(xiàng)。 3.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句“The mother’s role seems to require a plete transformation of daily routine and adaptation to a new life...”可推知此題答案為B項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.七選五閱讀 People have different preferences towards available life options.Same is true for the statement “Health is wealth”.What exactly is it?　1　 Or a prehensive statement that indicates health and wealth are linked to each other? People nowadays think the statement means when a person is healthy,he is capable of producing wealth.　2　 As a result,he/she won’t be able to earn ine for an independent living.This explanation is partially true but the deep meaning of this claim can be understood by the words of the great ancient Roman poet Virgil:“The greatest wealth is health.”What Mr.Virgil tried to show is that the greatest wealth is health,not money or worldly items.There is nothing more valuable in life than having good health. Nowadays people are influenced by wealth improperly that they don’t even bother about their health,the greatest wealth.　3　 A person with poor health is unable to enjoy the pleasures of life.Therefore,we should keep our health in the best way. 　4　 For example,spending time in a natural environment and drinking enough water.Physical exercise is also necessary as it keeps a person smart and healthy.Eating a balanced diet keeps people away from different illnesses and diseases.It is said that:“Early to bed and early to rise,makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise.”Abandon unhealthy habits because they harm internal parts of our body.　5　 One should always remember,living a healthy life can be the greatest gift of life. A.Some people are so poor,and all they have is money. B.It refers to the abundance of money and worldly items. C.A simple preference that means health is superior to wealth? D.They don’t realize that without health there is no real happiness. E.On the contrary,if one is not healthy,he/she cannot work productively. F.Always be optimistic and cheerful because:“Laughter is the best medicine.” G.There are lots of methods and practices through which a person can stay healthy. Ⅲ.書(shū)面表達(dá) (2016鄭州第二次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)) 假設(shè)你校學(xué)生會(huì)定于4月10日組織一次高三學(xué)生的登山活動(dòng),請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面表格內(nèi)容,以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一則通知,歡迎同學(xué)們積極參加。 目的 鍛煉身體,放松心情 地點(diǎn) 邙山 內(nèi)容與要求 1.早上7:20在校門(mén)口乘公交車(chē)出發(fā),下午7:00返回; 2.上午登山,中午在山頂野餐,下午分組自由活動(dòng); 3.拍照、記錄,之后參加校攝影展或征文比賽。 溫馨提示 1.自帶午餐和飲用水; 2.4月5日前到學(xué)生會(huì)報(bào)名。 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫; 3.通知的格式已為你寫(xiě)好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 參考詞匯:邙山Mangshan Mountain;報(bào)名sign up;征文比賽essay contest Notice Student Union March 30 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(選修7　Unit 2) Ⅰ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。瑞士科學(xué)家嘗試研究一款無(wú)人機(jī)來(lái)幫助營(yíng)救迷路的旅行者。 1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“...follow hiking trails without a pilot’s assistance.This could allow rescuers to search more efficiently.”可知,科學(xué)家研制這款無(wú)人機(jī)是為了使其幫助救援人員找到迷路的旅行者。 2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“The puter did a slightly better job than the people had...”可知,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試時(shí),電腦比人在照片分類(lèi)方面做得稍好一些。 3.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“That’s because the drone’s camera took lower-quality images than the cameras that had been used to train it.”可知,無(wú)人機(jī)之所以在森林中測(cè)試效果不好是因?yàn)槠湓谏种信牡恼掌|(zhì)量差,不容易識(shí)別。 4.C　推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“It’s an exciting use for neural networks...,”及“However,the problems faced in the experiments show that there are still some important issues to be worked out.”可推斷,克里斯托弗拉姆對(duì)該研究成果持客觀態(tài)度。 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了一款新型的預(yù)防犯罪的機(jī)器人。 5.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的第二句“They do not carry weapons but they have day and night time video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.”可知,這種機(jī)器人的功能就是能夠日夜不停地執(zhí)勤站崗。 6.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第一句“Some people may bee concerned about their privacy,especially in connection with the video recordings.”可知,一些人擔(dān)憂這種機(jī)器人所攜帶的攝像機(jī)會(huì)記錄其隱私,其隱私有可能會(huì)被泄露。 7.D　主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段并結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知,本文主要介紹了一種新型的預(yù)防犯罪的機(jī)器人。 Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是議論文。健康是人生在世最大的財(cái)富。 1.C　根據(jù)本空后的Or...可推測(cè),本空與下一句是對(duì)“健康即財(cái)富”的兩種不同理解,故C項(xiàng)“僅僅是一種偏愛(ài),意味著健康比財(cái)富重要?”符合此處語(yǔ)境。 2.E　本空上一句說(shuō)“當(dāng)一個(gè)人健康時(shí),他就能創(chuàng)造財(cái)富”,那么“相反,當(dāng)一個(gè)人不健康時(shí),他/她就不能有效率地工作”,因此不能掙到可以獨(dú)立生活的收入。 3.D　根據(jù)上一句內(nèi)容可知,人們甚至不關(guān)心自己的健康。D項(xiàng)順接上句,表示“他們意識(shí)不到?jīng)]有健康就沒(méi)有真正的幸?！薄項(xiàng)中的They與上一句中的they指代一樣,都指people。 4.G　本空后列舉的就是人們“可以保持健康的多種方法和做法”。 5.F　本段講的是人們保持健康的方法,故F項(xiàng)“總是樂(lè)觀和快樂(lè),因?yàn)椤κ亲詈玫牧妓帯狈洗颂幷Z(yǔ)境。 Ⅲ.Notice In order to encourage Senior Three students to take exercise and relax themselves,we’re going to organize a mountain-climbing activity on April 10.We’re to gather at the school gate and start at 7:20 am by bus and get back at 7 pm.We’ll climb Mangshan Mountain in the morning,on the top of which we’ ll have a picnic at noon.In the afternoon we’ll be divided into groups and have a free time.Remember to take photos and make notes for the photo exhibition or the essay contest to be held later at our school.Besides,take lunch and drinking water with you.If you want to join in,please e to Student Union and sign up before April 5. Student Union March 30