2019版高考英語一輪基礎習選題 Unit 1 Women of achievement（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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Women of achievement 一、閱讀理解 Many years ago，when we were a young couple with two small children，aged 2 and 4，we were practically impecunious.My inlaws lived from hand to mouth，so we didnt expect any help from them.My parents lived a great distance away，and I was too ashamed to let them know about our situation. My husband was trying to earn a living with an old pickup truck，carrying groceries for local shopkeepers，but it was constantly breaking down.It took almost all the money we had to have it fixed.The truck was also the only means of transportation for us. We lived in the countryside，and we always used the back door because the driveway led to it.One winter evening，I stepped outside to take a bag of trash to the barrel and almost tripped over something.It was nearly dark，and I had to bend down to see what it was.I could hardly believe my eyes.There sat a large basket loaded with food. It was heavy，so I called my husband to carry it into the house.Once inside，we discovered two loaves of bread，some butter，several cans of vegetables，a can of orange sauce，and a large turkey.There was so much that I couldnt remember it all，but it was everything we needed to fix a wonderful dinner—everything except potatoes. A little while later I remembered that I hadnt taken the trash to the barrel.By now it was dark，so I had to turn on the yard light—and thats when I spotted a small bag of potatoes sitting on the porch. That dinner was the best I could remember. We werent able to thank our donators，though，because we never found out who had been so generous in helping a struggling young family.Whoever it was，we are forever grateful. 1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “impecunious”in Paragraph 1? A．Generous. B．Harmonious. C．Penniless. D．Stubborn. 2．How did the authors husband support the family? A．By starting a garage. B．By selling food door to door. C．By delivering goods. D．By working as a shop assistant. 3．How did the author feel when she saw the basket? A．She was annoyed. B．She was astonished. C．She was terrified. D．She felt a sense of relief. 4．What may be the best title for the text? A．A helping hand in time B．A struggling young couple C．A tale of potatoes D．A reward from a stranger 【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇焙驼煞蛴袃蓚€孩子，很多年前，我們生活貧困，但羞于將處境告訴父母。丈夫用一輛舊卡車送貨謀生。一天晚上，“我”在家門口發(fā)現(xiàn)一籃子豐盛的食物，那一餐令“我”終生難忘。“我”將永遠感謝那位送食物給“我”家的人。 【難句分析】There was so much that I couldnt remember it all，but it was everything we needed to fix a wonderful dinner—everything except potatoes. 分析：該句由but連接的兩個分句構成，其中第一個分句用了so...that...結構，表示“如此……以至于”；第二個分句中we needed to fix a wonderful dinner為省略了關系詞that的定語從句，修飾先行詞everything。 譯文：有如此多的東西以至于我都記不全了，但除了土豆，我們準備一頓豐盛的晚餐所需要的東西都有了。 1．C　考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“My parents lived a great distance away，and I was too ashamed to let them know about our situation”可知，“我”的父母住在很遠的地方，“我”羞于讓他們知道我們的處境；結合該段中的“when we were a young couple with two small children，aged 2 and 4，we were practically impecunious”可知，我們是有著兩個孩子的年輕夫妻，據(jù)此可以推知，我們的日子過得相當貧窮，才會羞于讓遠方的父母知道我們的情況。據(jù)此可以判斷，畫線詞意為“貧窮的”，故C項正確。A項意為“慷慨的，大方的”，B項意為“和諧的，和睦的”，D項意為“固執(zhí)的”，都與語境不符。 2．C　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第一句的“My husband was trying to earn a living with an old pickup truck，carrying groceries for local shopkeepers”可知，“我”的丈夫用一輛舊卡車為當?shù)氐牡曛魉拓浿\生，故C項正確。 3．B　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“I could hardly believe my eyes.There sat a large basket loaded with food”可知，看到一籃子的食物，“我”幾乎不能相信自己的眼睛；據(jù)此可以判斷，作者很驚訝，故B項正確。A項意為“她感到惱怒”，C項意為，“她感到害怕”，D項意為“她感到欣慰”，都與第三段最后兩句的語境不符。 4．A　考查標題判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了“我”和丈夫有兩個孩子，生活貧困，但羞于將處境告訴父母。丈夫用一輛舊卡車送貨謀生。一天晚上，“我”在家門口發(fā)現(xiàn)一籃子豐盛的食物，那一餐令“我”終生難忘?！拔摇睂⒂肋h感謝那位送食物給“我”家的人。據(jù)此可以判斷，A項最能概括文意，體現(xiàn)文章主旨，故A項正確。 二、單句語法填空 1．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________(regard) as one of the best allround forms of exercise. 答案：is regarded　當主語后面接由along with引起的短語時，謂語動詞應和主語(cycling)保持一致；cycling與regard之間是被動關系，應用被動語態(tài)，且此處描述一般事實。 2．He was observed by officers ________(drive) at 90 miles per hour. 答案：driving　observe在本句中意為“注意到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，在句中構成observe sb. doing sth. 結構的被動式，用v.ing表示動作正在進行。 3．Many times the person who hurt you does not intend ________ (apologize)． 答案：to apologize　intend to do sth. “打算做某事”。 4．Whichever way you look at it, an Olympic silver medal is a remarkable ________(achieve) for one so young. 答案：achievement　a remarkable achievement “一個非凡的成就”。 5．With our teacher ________(support) us, we feel quite encouraged. 答案：supporting　support “支持”前有With, 因此應使用所填詞的非謂語動詞形式，且teacher和support構成邏輯上的主謂關系，故填supporting。 6．He has decided to get a look at the house and see if it might be worthwhile ________(buy) it. 答案：buying/to buy　It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. “值得做某事”。 7．The little boys bad ________(behave) at the party made his parents upset. 答案：behaviour　behaviour “行為”是名詞，此處作主語。 8．Tolerance consists in ________(respect) the opinions of others. 答案：respecting　句意：寬容在于尊重別人的觀點。介詞后應用動詞ing形式。 9．puters have replaced televisions as our most popular form of ________(entertain)． 答案：entertainment　介詞of后應為名詞entertainment “娛樂活動；娛樂”。 10．What I would like to do today is to advance an ________(argue) and see what you make of it. 答案：argument　由an可知，應填argument名詞“論點”。 三、完形填空 Chris Marlow, a minister and father of two, would say that his life prior to 2009 was good but ordinary. Then a mission trip to Zimbabwe turned his entire world ___1___ upside down, and he returned to his home in North Carolina a(n) ___2___ man. It was on this trip that Marlow was faced with the ___3___ of extreme poverty that showed itself determinedly in the faces of ___4___ children begging for food. One orphaned boy, in particular, who slept on the concrete floor of an ___5___ gas station with dozens of other orphaned children, ___6___ Marlow’s life work forever. The young boy begged Marlow to allow him to work for him ___7___ food, as he had not eaten for days and was starving. It was an ___8___ that Marlow could not forget as he spent the following days of the trip driving through dusty roads and desperation, ___9___ to find a way to feed the hungry orphans. Marlow went on to found Help One Now, a non-profit organization that ___10___ ordinary people to help provide food, shelter, and education to poor children in Africa, Haiti, and around the world through ___11___ acts of generosity. In 2016 he published his first book, Doing Good Is Simple, the story of his transformative experience with the reality of severe poverty, as a ___12___ for others looking to make a positive ___13___ in the world from right where they are. The book does more than ___14___ people to do good—it puts the suggestion into action with every ___15___. “Early on, we decided that we would use the profits of Doing Good Is Simple to ___16___ meals for children in our munities around the world,” Marlow explains. “Every book that is ___17___ will provide five meals for children in one of our munities. In the first 30 days after the book’s ___18___, we hit over 30，000 meals.” Help One Now is ___19___ working to aid Haiti in the disaster relief of Hurricane Matthew. “We encourage those interested in working with the ___20___ to think of ways to help that fit their individual personalities and lifestyles,” he says. “And we also love to see you advocate for us.” 語篇解讀：本文講述一個叫 Chris Marlow 的人，在他的一次津巴布韋旅途過后，那里挨餓的孤兒的現(xiàn)狀改 變了他對世界的看法。于是他成立了一個組織，幫助那些沒飯吃的孩子。 1.A. economy B. map C. view D. tour 【答案】C 【解析】view 意為“看法”，符合語境，即一次旅行改變了他對世界的看法。 2.A. astonished B. changed C. inspired D. confused 【答案】B 【解析】過去分詞 changed 在本句中作定語，意為“改變了的”，即他回到家鄉(xiāng)時成為一個完全改變了的 人。 3.A. atmosphere B. shape C. addition D. reality 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他在旅途中看到了極度貧困的事實狀況。atmosphere(氣氛)；shape(形狀)；addition(增加)； reality(現(xiàn)實；事實)。根據(jù)語境可知選 D。 4.A. starving B. crying C. struggling D. running 【答案】A 【解析】starving(挨餓的)；crying(哭著的)；struggling(努力的；掙扎的)；running(跑著的)。根據(jù) children 后面的“begging for food”可知，A 項符合語境，即面對著一群正在討飯的挨餓的孩子。 5.A. abolished B. acquired C. attached D. abandoned 【答案】D 【解析】abolished(廢除的)；acquired(獲得的)；attached(附加的)；abandoned(廢棄的)。既然是睡在加油站， 所以可以推斷這一定是廢棄了的加油站。故選 D。 6.A. transformed B. transferred C. confirmed D. blocked 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一個孤兒改變了他的人生。transform 意為“改變”，符合語境。 7.A. in return for B. in favour of C. in exchange for D. in search of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：那個孩子請求 Marlow 讓他為他工作換飯吃。in return for(作為……的回報)；in favour of(支 持；贊同)；in exchange for(交換)；in search of(查找)。根據(jù)句意可知選 C。 8.A. interruption B. interval C. interview D. interaction 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)上下文語境可知，他去那些孤兒那里的活動(interaction)讓他終生難忘。 9.A. convinced B. determined C. prepared D. satisfied 【答案】B 【解析】他下決心(determine)要找到辦法養(yǎng)活那些挨餓的孩子們。 10.A. reminds B. equips C. requires D. permits 【答案】B 【解析】equip 在這里意為“使具備；使有準備”，符合語境，即他成立的這個組織，使得普通人通過簡 單的行動，去幫助那些窮孩子，為他們提供食物等。 11.A. brief B. graceful C. simple D. courageous 【答案】C 【解析】同上題，即通過簡單的(simple)行動，幫助窮孩子。 12.A. measure B. rule C. tool D. guide 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他出版的書作為那些想要對世界起到積極影響的人的指導用書(guide)。 13.A. decision B. request C. difference D. ment 【答案】C 【解析】 同上題， 即想要對世界起到積極影響的人的指導用書。 make a difference 意為“有影響； 起作用”， 符合語境。 14.A. encourage B. entitle C. allow D. appoint 【答案】A 【解析】句意：這本書起到的作用還不只是鼓勵(encourage)人們做好事。 15.A. attempt B. purchase C. publication D. adoption 【答案】B 【解析】purchase 意為“購買”，符合語境，即每當有人購買這本書的時候。 16.A. submit B. contribute C. pass D. provide 【答案】D 【解析】即他們用賣書的錢給孩子們提供(provide)食物。 17.A. written B. sold C. read D. bought 【答案】B 【解析】每賣出(sold)一本書可以給孩子提供五頓飯。 18.A. release B. recovery C. reservation D. registration 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在這本書發(fā)行(release)后的前 30 天，賣書賺的錢夠提供 30, 000 頓飯的。 19.A. eventually B. annually C. currently D. permanently 【答案】C 【解析】他成立的這個組織目前(currently)正在幫助海地災區(qū)的受害者。 20.A. organization B. munity C. corporation D. government 【答案】A 【解析】即指本段開頭的 Help One Now 這個組織(organization)。 四、單句改錯 1．After his death, his children will certainly carry out his career. _____________________________________________________ 答案：out→on　carry on “繼續(xù)；堅持”。 2．It didnt occur to me he would refuse my invitation. _____________________________________________________ 答案：me后加that　It didnt/doesnt occur to sb. that “某人沒有想到”。 3．If you fail to delivery the goods according to the agreed time, you should be fined. _____________________________________________________ 答案：delivery→deliver　fail to do sth. “沒有做某事”，deliver the goods “送貨”，delivery是名詞。 4．You should refer this matter with our teacher for a decision. _____________________________________________________ 答案：with→to　refer sth. to sb. “把某事交給某人(解決)”。 5．We fear that local students would look down at and bully our children. _____________________________________________________ 答案：at→on/upon　look down on/upon “瞧不起；看不起”。 五、七選五 Youre growing up.That means youre probably experiencing lots of changes，all at once.Your body is changing.It might even seem as if your entire self is changing.It can be confusing and even scary. 1 And its good! Growing up means that you can do more，learn more，and start to make your mark on the world.In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow.Hormone levels change constantly，rising and falling. 2 But its partly to blame for intense emotions，surprising reactions，and mood swings. Because of the way your brain develops，it is somewhat ruled by emotions now and through your teen years.As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster！ 3 ●Take care of yourself.If you eat right，sleep enough，and get good exercise，your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress. ● 4 When you feel your moods swinging or youre upset，or confused，some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer. ●Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed. 5 Plus，when stuff happens during the day，youll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react.Your body is changing. A．Take a timeout. B．But the truth is，it happens to every teen. C．Work out regularly to keep physically fit. D．This changing is needed for your bodys development. E．It will help you fall asleep—and start the morning right. F．Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother. G．Usually，these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了青少年如何應對成長過程中的一些變化。 1．B　[由空前的“confusing and even scary”和空后的“good”可知，空處在這里起承上啟下的作用，所以選B項。] 2．D　[由空前一句可知，荷爾蒙的水平一直在不斷地改變，忽高忽低；D項中的“This changing”與空前的“change”相對應，所以選D項。] 3．F　[空前的“an emotional roller coaster”與F項中的“make the ride smoother”相對應，且由下文列舉的幾個要點可知，F(xiàn)項符合文意。] 4．A　[由本段中的“一些安靜的時間將使你集中精神，安靜下來”可知，A項正確。] 5．E　[空前的“Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing”與E項中的“It”對應，空前的“when you wake up”與E項的“start the morning right”對應；空前的“when you go to bed”與E項的“fall asleep”對應。所以選E項。]