2019版高考英語一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練 Unit 5 Music（含解析）新人教版必修2.doc

Music*閱讀理解。If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news-if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.The researchers say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cells energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.”Price said, “ribosome is a very plex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires wear out,” he explained, “you dont throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.”“Food,” he said, “isnt just material to be burned-its a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age. And this may “help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.”1.What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study?A. They can keep healthy easilyB. They need more energy to be activeC. They can look younger than they areD. They will live a longer life like humans2.What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?A. They will pletely break downB. They make proteins in the cells slowlyC. They will produce high quality proteins moreD. They may need more time to repair themselves3.Price explained the ribosomes role of repairing themselves by _.A. telling a storyB. listing basic dataC. making parisonsD. experimenting on mice4.What does the text mainly deal with?A. Food decides how long you liveB. Can you slow down your aging process?C. Eating less may help you live longerD. Should your diet be reduced for your health?【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。通過研究實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)：吃的少會使你長壽。1.A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.的提示可知他們能夠很容易保持健康，故選A。2.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes.的提示可知它們會在細(xì)胞中緩慢地產(chǎn)生蛋白質(zhì)，故選B。4.C 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段首句If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news的提示可知這片名文章的主旨是吃的少會使你長壽，故選C。 *語法填空。A recent survey shows that storytelling ranks before television or video games among pastimes (消遣) for kids. The survey was carried out among 500 children aged 34 in Britain, of _1_over threequarters said they wished their parents could read to them more often. Almost twothirds of the kids said reading a story with their parents helped them sleep _2_(well) and more easily. According to the survey, there are two ways for parents _3_ (bee) good storytellers. They can use _4_ (fun) voices to show different characters in a story. They can also make their own special sounds to keep the story _5_(interest) and attractive. When Mom and Dad arent at hand, over 30% of kids would like to hear _6_bedtime story from famous people like Harry Potter star Daniel Radcliffe. Other movie stars like Zac Efron, Miley Cyrus and Emma Watson _7_(wele) by children, too. “_8_can be very difficult for parents to find the time to read with their children. But these moments can help build close relationship _9_parents and children, and also can play an important part in their childs _10_ (develop)，” said child psychologist Woolfson.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項調(diào)查顯示，孩子對聽故事的興趣要大于看電視或者玩視頻游戲。文章通過一些數(shù)據(jù)告訴人們孩子喜歡聽故事，同時，父母和孩子一起讀故事也可以讓他們之間建立更親密的關(guān)系。1whom考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：這項調(diào)查是在英國500個3至4歲的孩子中間進(jìn)行的，其中超過四分之三的孩子說，他們希望父母能經(jīng)常給他們讀故事。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號后的句子是一個定語從句，解釋說明先行詞500 children，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語，且指代先行詞，故用whom來引導(dǎo)。2better考查副詞的比較級。句意：差不多有三分之二的孩子說，跟父母一起讀故事能幫助他們睡得更香、更易入睡。根據(jù)下文中的比較級more easily可以推斷，設(shè)空處也用比較級。故填better。3to bee考查非謂語動詞。句意：根據(jù)這項調(diào)查，有兩個讓父母成為講故事好手的方法。“There ben.to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞不定式作后置定語修飾名詞，表示將要發(fā)生的事。根據(jù)句意可知，此處填動詞不定式to bee。4funny考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：他們可以用一些有趣的聲音來表現(xiàn)故事中不同的角色。修飾名詞用形容詞形式。故填名詞fun的形容詞形式funny，意為“有趣的”。5interesting考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：他們也可以用自己特有的聲音使故事有趣，有吸引力。在“keep sth.adj.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞作賓補(bǔ)；并列連詞and連接兩個相同詞性的成分，故此處用形容詞interesting “有趣的”，修飾物。6a考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)父母不在身邊時，超過30%的孩子喜歡從一些名人那里聽到睡前故事，比如哈利波特的主角丹尼爾拉德克利夫。根據(jù)句意可知，這里泛指一個故事，故填不定冠詞a。7are weled考查動詞的語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：其他的電影明星像扎克埃弗龍、米利賽勒斯和?，斘稚采钍芎⒆觽兿矚g。主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞stars，且動詞wele與主語之間為被動關(guān)系，故填被動形式are weled。8It考查代詞。句意：父母很難找到時間和孩子們一起讀故事?！癐t isadj.for sb. to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it是形式主語，動詞不定式短語是真正的主語。故填代詞It。9between考查介詞。句意：但是這些時刻有助于父母與子女建立親密的關(guān)系，同時對孩子的發(fā)展也很重要。between . and . 為固定搭配，意為“在和之間”。10development考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。名詞所有格后接名詞形式。故填動詞develop的名詞形式development “發(fā)展”。*完形填空。When I was just out of college，I managed to get my dream job as a trader in New York City on the floor of the American Stock(證券)Exchange.Though it was a proud _1_，the job was simply too physically _2_I must stand in a crowd every day，which often _3_ me in a mindset(思維模式)that held me back.Manhattan is a walking town and its difficult to _4_ when you have a disability.Taxies are expensive and riding the subway _5_ dozens of steep steps to get below the _6_.This left me only one _7_the bus.One night，after the _8_ for my job，I was aching with selfpity _9_ it started to rain on my walk to the bus stop.I became more and more _10_ without an umbrella，thinking Id never _11_ it in this city and telling myself，“this city is just too hard” and “maybe it is just not possible for a guy like me”And then，I _12_ the most beautiful，short moment.A couple came rolling by on roller skates，hand _13_ hand as they skated what seemed like the tango.They were all wet but they saw the _14_ as an opportunity and romance.I suddenly became grateful for waiting in the rain because I _15_ have missed this beauty _16_ if I had been in a taxi or on the subway.This，although _17_，was an important moment on my journey to discover the _18_ of achieving health and happiness.When I change my mindset，_19_ for a moment，to what is possible and work to get rid of the selflimiting beliefs that _20_ my daily actions，I will be on the road to a healthier，happier life.1A.adjustment BachievementCagreement Dtreatment2A.tiring BboringCrelaxing Ddisappointing3A.reminded BexpectedCtook Dleft4A.go up Bget aroundCset off Dshow up5A.requests BsupportsCrequires Dsurrounds6A.ground BstreetCtown Dcity7A.change BchanceCidea Dchoice8A.struggle BworkCexperience Dinfluence9A.before BwhileCwhen Dafter10A.nervous BcuriousCscared Dupset11A.get BmakeCput Dwatch12A.recalled BobservedCwitnessed Drealized13A.on BbyCto Din14A.rain BtreeCwind Dcloud15A.shall BwouldCneed Dmust16A.exactly BinstantlyCentirely Dsuddenly17A.strange BsmallCnormal Ddifferent18A.humor BhonestyCpower Dprinciple19A.still ByetCalso Deven20A.affect BfollowCforbid Dharm【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者工作很累，回家路上遇到下雨，心情沮喪。當(dāng)看到一對夫婦在雨中溜冰的畫面，作者感覺到改變自己的思維模式會使自己走上一條更健康、更快樂的生活之路。文章告訴我們改變思維模式的重要性?！竞诵脑~匯】go up上升get around四處走動set off出發(fā)show up出現(xiàn)，到場1B根據(jù)第一段中的“I managed to get my dream job”可知，作者畢業(yè)后找到了自己理想的工作，這份工作應(yīng)是作者引以為傲的成就，故選B項，achievement意為“成就”。adjustment“調(diào)節(jié)”；agreement“同意，一致”；treatment“治療，對待”。2A根據(jù)本句中的“I must stand in a crowd every day”可推知，這份工作是勞累的，故選A項，tiring意為“累人的，令人疲倦的”。relaxing“令人放松的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。3D根據(jù)語境可知“我每天都必須站在人群中，這常常讓我有想退縮的思維模式”?！發(fā)eavesh.賓補(bǔ)”表示“讓某人”，故選D項。remind“提醒”；expect“預(yù)期”。4B根據(jù)上文的“Manhattan is a walking town”可知，曼哈頓是一個步行商業(yè)區(qū)，所以你有殘疾的話是很難四處走動(get around)的。go up“上升”；set off“出發(fā)”；show up“出現(xiàn)，到場”。5C根據(jù)語境可知，出租車很貴，乘坐地鐵需要(requires)走下幾十個陡峭的臺階才能到達(dá)地下。request“請求”；support“支持”；surround“圍繞”。6A根據(jù)本句中的“the subway”以及常識可知，人們在地面(ground)下乘坐地鐵，故選A項。7D句意：這讓我只有一種選擇公共汽車。根據(jù)上文提到的交通方式都不適合作者可知，此處表示作者唯一的選擇(choice)。8A句意：一天晚上，在為我的工作苦苦奮斗后，我一直自怨自艾，當(dāng)我走向公共汽車站的時候又下起了雨。根據(jù)語境可推知，此處是指在為工作奮斗(struggle)了一天之后。experience“經(jīng)歷”；influence“影響”。9C參見上題解析。when在此處表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”，符合語境。10D根據(jù)上文的“it started to rain”和空后的“without an umbrella”可知，下雨了，但是作者沒有帶傘，所以作者心情越來越沮喪(upset)。11B根據(jù)上文可知，沒有雨傘，作者變得越來越沮喪，心想自己在這個城市里不會取得成功了。make it是固定短語，表示“達(dá)成目標(biāo)，獲得成功，做成某事”。12C句意：然后，我目睹了最美麗、最短暫的時刻。根據(jù)下文介紹的一對夫婦在雨中溜冰的畫面可知，這是作者看到的。recall“召回，回想起”；observe“觀察”；witness“目睹”；realize“認(rèn)識到”。13D句意：一對夫婦穿著溜冰鞋，手拉著手，他們溜冰的時候像是在跳探戈舞。hand in hand“手拉手地”，是固定搭配，故選D項。14A根據(jù)上文的“it started to rain”和“They were all wet”可知，雖然他們身上都被淋濕了，但他們把雨(rain)當(dāng)成是一個機(jī)會和一種浪漫。15B句意：我突然對在雨中等待感到感激，因為如果我在出租車或地鐵上，我會完全錯過這美景。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是由if引導(dǎo)的對過去的虛擬句，結(jié)構(gòu)為“if主語had過去分詞，主語should/would /couldhave過去分詞”，所以選B項。16C根據(jù)語境可知，作者覺得如果乘坐其他交通工具就會完全錯過這一幕，故選C項。exactly“正是，恰好”；instantly“立即，馬上”；entirely“完全地”；suddenly“突然”。17B雖然這是生活中的一件小事，但卻是作者在探索健康和幸福的旅途中的一個重要時刻。strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；small“小的”；normal“正常的”；different“不同的”，故選B項。18C根據(jù)語境可知，作者看到的這一幕給了作者力量。humor“幽默”；honesty“誠實，正直”；power“力量”；principle“原則”。19D句意：當(dāng)我改變我的思維模式去做可能的事情，并努力擺脫那些影響我日常行為的自我限制的信念時，即使是片刻，我都將會走上一條更健康、更快樂的生活之路。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“即使”。still“仍然”；yet“還，然而”；also“也，而且”；even“即使”。20A根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“影響(affect)我日常行為的自我限制的信念”。*短文改錯。Getting rid of the bad habit of procrastination (拖延癥) is now my goal in life. My first step was to set small targets what can be reached realistically. For example, I plan to set a timetable for my study. So after school, I will put finishing homework in the last place. Additionally, I will make a list of my important task including their due dates but follow my schedule strictly. I will avoid find excuses for putting them off. At same time, I will ask for my friends and parents to help me. By achieving this small targets, I have confident that I will overe procrastination.答案：Getting rid of the bad habit of procrastination (拖延癥) is now my goal in life. My first step to set small targets can be reached realistically. For example, I plan to set a timetable for my study. So after school, I will put finishing homework in the place. Additionally, I will make a list of my important including their due dates follow my schedule strictly. I will avoid excuses for putting them off. At same time, I will ask my friends and parents to help me. By achieving small targets, I have that I will overe procrastination.難項分析：第二處：whatthat/which考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是一個含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞targets在定語從句中作主語，指物，應(yīng)用that/which來引導(dǎo)該從句。第五處：butand考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，make和follow兩個動作之間是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故用and。第十處：confidentconfidence考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用confident的名詞形式confidence作have的賓語。*