2019版高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)習(xí)選題 Unit 3 Life in the future（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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Unit 3 Life in the future 一、閱讀理解。 Since 1985，Johnny Jennings,86，has been selling newspapers and magazines to a recycling center with his son.By the time Jennings only child was 17，he stopped joining his father.Even though his son is all grown up now，Jennings hasnt slowed down his efforts.In fact，he has turned his recycling money into something bigger. The Ringgold，Georgia native visits local churches and businesses to collect paper，which he brings to a recycling center for money.But instead of putting those earnings in his own bank account，he sends every dollar to Georgia Baptist Childrens Homes&Family Ministries.Once a year，hell give the organization a check somewhere between$10,000 and$35,000.By 2016，that tallied up to$400,000. These days，Jennings recycling has turned into a munity effort.After he has made his own rounds recycling paper from businesses and churches，hell find more items waiting for him at home.munity members drop off other recyclables at his house so he can sell them，along with books，food，clothes，and other items to give away. Recycling centers typically pay just onehalf to three cents per pound of paper，but Jennings visits have added up the big time.In 2016 alone，he sold more than 400,000 pounds of paper and 51,000 aluminum cans(鋁罐)，and collected more than 32,000 pennies.Over the course of 32 years he has recycled more than 9.8 million pounds of paper，saving an estimated 79,000 trees in the process. Jennings says hell continue raising money for charity as long as his health allows. 1．How old was Johnny Jennings when he started recycling? A．17. B．32. C．54. D．86. 2．The underlined word “tallied”in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”． A．a(chǎn)dded B．looked C．made D．mixed 3．What is munity members attitude towards Johnny Jennings? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Supportive. 4．What makes Johnny Jennings special? A．His long life and hobby. B．His recycling work and donation. C．The pennies he collects. D．The amount of trees he plants. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】文章講述了樂(lè)于助人的Johnny Jennings常年回收廢舊物品資助慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的故事。 【難句分析】The Ringgold，Georgia native visits local churches and businesses to collect paper，which he brings to a recycling center for money. 分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 譯文：這個(gè)佐治亞州Ringgold市的本地人去當(dāng)?shù)氐慕烫煤推髽I(yè)收集廢紙，帶到廢品回收中心換錢(qián)。 【背景知識(shí)】佐治亞州(Georgia，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)GA)，美國(guó)東南部7個(gè)州之一。北界田納西州和北卡羅來(lái)納州，南鄰佛羅里達(dá)州，東北與南卡羅來(lái)納州接壤，東南臨大西洋，西毗亞拉巴馬州，州府是亞特蘭大。 1．C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Since 1985，Johnny Jennings,86，has been selling newspapers and magazines to a recycling center with his son”和第四段中的“Over the course of 32 years he has recycled”可知，Johnny Jennings開(kāi)始回收廢舊物品時(shí)應(yīng)該是54歲。 2．A　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)該詞所在句及前一句“Once a year, hell give the organization a check somewhere between$10,000 and$35,000.By 2016, that tallied up to $400,000”中的數(shù)據(jù)可知，tallied意為：計(jì)算總數(shù)。所以A項(xiàng)正確。 3．D　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“munity members drop off other recyclables at his house so he can sell them，along with books，food，clothes, and other items to give away”可知，Johnny Jennings所在社區(qū)的成員們支持他回收廢舊物品資助慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的工作。 4．B　考查推理判斷。文章講述Johnny Jennings常年回收廢舊物品資助慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的故事。所以是回收廢舊物品資助慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的故事讓Johnny Jennings與眾不同。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．She cant tolerate ________(treat) that way. 答案：being treated　tolerate doing sth.“容忍做某事”。主語(yǔ)she與treat之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式，即being treated。 2．Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep ________(impress)． 答案：impression　leave sb. a deep impression “給某人留下深刻印象”。 3．________(devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about other things. 答案：Devoted　本句中含有be devoted to的結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，描述一種狀態(tài)，即“潛心于研究工作”，故填devoted。 4．Please pass the papers on to the students ________(seat) at the back of the classroom. 答案：seated　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作定語(yǔ)，修飾the students，因此用所給詞的形容詞形式表示“入座的，就座的”這種狀態(tài)。故填seated。 5．Sales director is a position ________munication ability is just as important as sales skills. 答案：where　設(shè)空處所填詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代表抽象地點(diǎn)的先行詞position，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，意為“在此職位上”，故填where。 6．In ________(e) the headmaster, followed by a group of students. 答案：came　表示方向的副詞位于句首，且句子主語(yǔ)為名詞，句子應(yīng)采用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 7．He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself ________(surround)． 答案：surrounded　本句中賓語(yǔ)himself和surround存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，故填surrounded。 8．The old man got on the bus, ________(support) by a girl. 答案：supported　the old man與support之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞supported，在此處作方式狀語(yǔ)。 9．He is always ready to take ________heavy responsibilities. 答案：up　take up “開(kāi)始擔(dān)當(dāng)(新的責(zé)任)”。take up responsibility “承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。 10．No one in the carriage had ________(previous) spoken to the ticket owner before. 答案：previously　句意：事先車(chē)上沒(méi)人和這個(gè)持票人說(shuō)過(guò)話(huà)。副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)had spoken to。 三、完形填空。 Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade. She wasnt my __1__ ; she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡邏隊(duì)) on which I __2__. I loved being around her and __3__ her sense of humor and kind personality. She was __4__ a good listener. At the end of the year, she __5__ that she was moving to Florida, and I was very sad. We exchanged __6__ and became pen pals. I could tell her __7__， and she treated me __8__ respect even though I was a teenager. In Florida, Mrs. Freeman became a Realtor (房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人), __9__ she managed to find time to write letters. She wrote __10__ stories and always took my concerns __11__. She had given me a(n) __12__ invitation to visit, and I missed her so much. When I __13__ to take her up on the __14__， she answered, “Get your shoes on and your bags __15__ ! You are wele anytime！” I spent three weeks with her in Miami. Her __16__ of poetry, music, and creative writing __17__ me to follow these endeavors (努力). One day __18__ hanging sheets on the clothesline, she __19__ and said, “You know, the sky is fuel for the soul.” I had never looked at the __20__ before hearing those words. Two years later, I received a call that Mrs. Freeman had passed away. 【文章大意】本文主要講述了作者在中學(xué)期間和一名英語(yǔ)老師之間的故事。 1．A.mother B．friend C．classmate D．teacher 答案與解析：D根據(jù)上文中的“Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade.”和空后的“she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡邏隊(duì))”可推知，Mildred Webinga Freeman不是作者的老師(teacher)，下文中的“and became pen pals”也是提示。 2．A.served B．a(chǎn)dvised C．expected D．led 答案與解析：A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)也在巡邏隊(duì)里。serve“為……工作”。 3．A.shared B．enjoyed C．imagined D．found 答案與解析：B　根據(jù)空前的“I loved being around her”可知，作者喜歡(enjoyed)老師的幽默感和善良的品質(zhì)。 4．A.never B．just C．still D．a(chǎn)lso 答案與解析：D　根據(jù)上文中的“an English teacher”和“the adviser”可知，本句是對(duì)這位老師身份的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，指她也(also)是一個(gè)好的傾聽(tīng)者。 5．A.knew B．a(chǎn)nnounced C．thought D．realized 答案與解析：B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，老師宣布(announced)了一個(gè)消息，她要搬到佛羅里達(dá)州了，作者感到很傷心。 6．A.addresses B．gifts C．views D．roles 答案與解析：A　根據(jù)上文中的“At the end of the year, she 5 that she was moving to Florida”和空后的“and became pen pals”可推知，作者和老師互換了地址(addresses)，成了筆友。 7．A.many B．much C．everything D．something 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)上文中的“and became pen pals”與空后的“she treated me 8 respect even though I was a teenager”可推知，作者與老師無(wú)話(huà)不談，這與上文作者樂(lè)于和老師相處的背景呼應(yīng)。故選C。 8．A.in B．a(chǎn)s C．with D．to 答案與解析：C　固定搭配：treat sb. with sth.意為“以某種態(tài)度/方式對(duì)待某人”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。 9．A.so B．but C．or D．for 答案與解析：B　根據(jù)空后的“she managed to find time to write letters”可推知，上下文表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B。 10．A.amusing B．different C．emotional D．ordinary 答案與解析：A　根據(jù)上文中的“I loved being around her and 3 her sense of humor and kind personality.”可推知，老師很幽默，總是給作者講一些好笑的(amusing)故事。 11．A.immediately B．carefully C．seriously D．privately 答案與解析：C　take sb./sth. seriously為固定搭配，意為“認(rèn)真對(duì)待某人/某事”。老師認(rèn)真對(duì)待作者所關(guān)切的事情。 12．A.urgent B．lucky C．a(chǎn)mbiguous D．open 答案與解析：D　根據(jù)下文中的“You are wele anytime！”可推知，老師歡迎作者隨時(shí)來(lái)訪(fǎng)，an open invitation為習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“隨時(shí)可以來(lái)訪(fǎng)的邀請(qǐng)”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。urgent“急迫的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”。 13．A.decided B．hesitated C．wrote D．hurried 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)上文中的“We exchanged 6 and became pen pals.”可推知，作者寫(xiě)信(wrote)告訴老師，他接受她的提議(offer)。 14．A.offer B．promise C．excuse D．message 答案與解析：A　參見(jiàn)上題解析。offer“提供，提議”。 15．A.bought B．found C．filled D．packed 答案與解析：D　因?yàn)樽髡咭タ赐蠋煟虼死蠋熃ㄗh作者收拾行李(packed)，隨時(shí)歡迎作者的到來(lái)。 16．A.love B．dream C．sense D．feeling 答案與解析：A　老師對(duì)詩(shī)歌、音樂(lè)和文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的熱愛(ài)(love)激勵(lì)(encouraged)著作者去努力。 17．A.persuaded B．encouraged C．forced D．a(chǎn)llowed 答案與解析：B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 18．A.before B．once C．while D．a(chǎn)fter 答案與解析：C　一天，當(dāng)老師正在把床單掛在曬衣繩上的時(shí)候，她抬頭看(looked up)到了天空而有所感悟。while“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。 19．A.looked over B．looked out C．looked up D．looked down 答案與解析：C　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 20．A.clouds B．flowers C．people D．houses 答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文中的“You know, the sky is fuel for the soul.”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，當(dāng)時(shí)老師看了天空，此處指的應(yīng)是天上的云(clouds)。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．Despite his lack experience, he got the job. _____________________________________________________ 答案：lack后加of　lack of... “缺少……；……的缺乏”，該短語(yǔ)中l(wèi)ack為名詞，常與of連用。 2．As far as I know, the government will speed the pace of our economic reform. _____________________________________________________ 答案：speed后加up　speed up “加速”。 3．Giving another hour, I can also work out this problem. _____________________________________________________ 答案：Giving→Given　give與I之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)意義。 4．The place was so crowded and we soon lose sight of him. _____________________________________________________ 答案：lose→lost　and連接兩個(gè)并列的簡(jiǎn)單句，由前一句中的was可知，后一分句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 5．At sight of the snake, the girl burst into tears. _____________________________________________________ 答案：sight前加the　at the sight of “一看見(jiàn)……”。 五、七選五 Are you having trouble concentrating when youre reading a book or listening to a lecture？This list of activities might help to improve your study habits. Make a list.We often have trouble paying attention to one thing because our brain wants to think about something else. 1 You dont worry about whatever else you should be doing. Sleep more.Studies show that people who sleep fewer than eight hours a night for a period of time have slower response systems and more difficulty recalling information. 2 Eat healthier foods.Many people enjoy foods high in fats and sugars. 3 They might give you a temporary burst of energy.However，that energy is soon followed by a crash. Reduce screen time.This may be the most unpopular suggestion among young people.Screen time— time spent looking at cell phones，televisions，puter screens，has a clear effect on the attention span. 4 5 Concentration improves for students who participate in team sports.It could be that being active is helpful in this way.Participating in a sport trains your brain to concentrate on specific tasks，and shut out other thoughts. A．Be active. B．Practice more. C．These foods can provide enough energy for focusing. D．But these foods cant be helpful enough when it es to focusing. E．That is bad news for teens who stay up studying the night before a test. F．Researchers advise parents to limit it when their children need to be focused. G．By writing down all the things you need to do，youll gain a sense of control. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了幾種提高注意力的方法。 1．G　[根據(jù)本段的主題句“列清單”以及空后的“You dont worry about whatever else you should be doing.”可知，選G項(xiàng)。] 2．E　[根據(jù)本段的主題句“Sleep more.”和空前一句的內(nèi)容可知，選E項(xiàng)。] 3．D　[下文的“that energy is soon followed by a crash”與D項(xiàng)中的“cant be helpful enough”相對(duì)應(yīng)，故答案為D。] 4．F　[本段的主題句“Reduce screen time.”與選項(xiàng)F中的“l(fā)imit it”對(duì)應(yīng)，故答案為F。] 5．A　[空處為本段的主題句，由下文的“It could be that being active is helpful in this way.”可知，答案為A。]