2019年高考英語一輪優(yōu)練題 Unit 1 A land of diversity（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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A land of diversity 一、閱讀理解。 Here are our suggestions for keeping busy this week. Dive in! Take to the waves in Southampton Always fancied trying your hand at sailing? Now’s your chance. The Southampton Boat Show has plenty of opportunities for visitors to get out on the water to experience boat sailing, power boating or taking a ride on a RIB ― all for free. Discover an island on the Thames To celebrate Totally Thames, a month-long festival is held at various locations across London. We’ve discovered 21 of the river’s most fascinating islands ― all of them with interesting stories to tell. Make the most of it with our map here. Catch great films in Bristol Over six days, Encounters Film Festival screens up to 400 films from over 60 different countries. The Bristol festival provides a platform for international filmmakers, and offers a gateway to the likes of the BAFTAs, Oscars and European Film Awards. See here for full details. Get scientific in London Experience the latest, best and most challenging science covering all areas of our lives and universe at New Scientist Live at ExCel London. New Scientist Live is a four-day festival full of ideas and discoveries from the team behind the world’s most popular science weekly magazine, featuring four zones ― Brain & Body, Technology, Earth and Universe ― as well as talks from experts and over 200 exhibitors. 1. Which is the most suitable for sailing lovers? A. Take to the waves in Southampton. B. Discover an island on the Thames. C. Catch great films in Bristol. D. Get scientific in London. 2. What is New Scientist Live? A. A science weekly magazine. B. A festival to celebrate great scientists. C. An exhibition to show scientific discoveries. D. A festival where ideas and discoveries are shared. 3. Where can you find the text? A. On a noticeboard. B. On a website. C. In a newspaper. D. In a book review. 【語篇解讀】本文為應(yīng)用文，主要推介一周活動安排。 2. D【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Get scientific in London部分中的"New Scientist Live is a four-day festival full of ideas and discoveries..."可知，New Scientist Live是一個為期四天的與大眾分享科學(xué)想法和發(fā)現(xiàn)的節(jié) 日。故選D。 3. B【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是Discover an island on the Thames部分中的"Make the most of it with our map here"和Catch great films in Bristol部分中的"See here for full details"可知，本文最有可 能出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)站上，故選B。 二、單句語法填空 1．The position ___________ for by most ___________ actually requires at least 5 years’ working experience.(apply) 答案：applied; applicants 2．There is a great deal of evidence___________ (indicate) that listening to soft music can reduce stress. 答案：indicating 3．I was taken ___________ by the salesman whose products turned out to be much less effective. 答案：in 4．(2018西安四校聯(lián)考)The building facing the big river is likely ___________ (destroy) by the flood. 答案：to be destroyed 5．Mark ___________ your mistakes, and find out what causes you to make these mistakes. 答案：out 6．What are we to do next under the assumption that the ___________ (major) are against the plan? 答案：majority 7．___________ (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening. 答案：Apparently 8．I hope the fine weather will keep ___________ because the crops need much sunshine. 答案：up 9．—You see, I’m poor in math, but good at English, while you are good at math, but weak in English. —That’s ___________ we should help each other. 答案：why 10．It never occurred to him ___________ (ask) anyone for advice when he was in trouble. 答案：to ask 三、完形填空。 When I was young, like you, I had a dream.But my dream wasn’t like that of an 1 kid.It was to be the best tennis player 2 simply the best “female” one in the world. 3 ， I had a family encouraging me to follow my dream.I learned how important it is to 4 a dream and to dream big.My fight began when I was three and I haven’t taken a 5 since. But too often, most women are not supported or are 6 from choosing their path.I hope it could be changed.For me, it was a 7 of resilience(堅忍)．What others marked as 8 about me—my race, my gender—I accepted as fuel for my success.I never let anything or anyone 9 me.I controlled my future. When it es to equal pay, it frustrates me 10 I know firsthand that gender differences exist.I would 11 want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the same work.Women have to 12 many barriers to success.One is that we are constantly 13 we are not men.People call me one of the “world’s greatest female athletes”．Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes? We should never let this go 14 ．We should be judged by our achievements but not 15 ． For everything I have achieved，I am 16 to have experienced the highs and lows that e 17 success.I hope my story will be a(n) 18 for women to fight for their dreams.We must 19 to dream big, and in doing so, we enable the next generation of women to be 20 in their pursuit. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者以自己的事為例呼吁全體女性勇敢追求成功，為爭取性別平等而不懈努力。 1．A.ambitious　　　　　 B．excellent C．a(chǎn)verage D．energetic C　解析：根據(jù)“It was to be the best tennis player”以及下文內(nèi)容尤其是“People call me...Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes？”可知，此處指作者說自己小時候的理想與普通孩子的是不同的，故選average“普通的，一般的”。ambitious“有野心的，有雄心的”；excellent“優(yōu)秀的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。 2．A.instead of B．regardless of C．other than D．more than A　解析：結(jié)合本文主旨以及下文中的“People call me one of the ‘world’s greatest female athletes’．Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此強(qiáng)調(diào)的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動員，而不是最好的女網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動員。instead of “而不是”；regardless of “不管，不顧”；other than “除了”；more than“多于，超出”。 3．A.Hopefully B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．Generally B　解析：幸運(yùn)的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓勵她追尋自己夢想的家人。此處亦與下文中的“But too often, most women are not supported...”形成對比。hopefully “有希望地”；obviously “明顯地”；generally “普遍地”。 4．A.make up B．set up C．care for D．push for D　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“My fight began when...” “fight for their dreams”可知，這里指作者知道了為夢想而努力是多么重要。push for “為……而努力，力爭”。make up “編造，構(gòu)成”；set up “設(shè)立，建立”；care for“照顧”。 5．A.risk B．leave C．break D．chance C　解析：作者從三歲時就開始為理想奮斗，自此從未間斷。break“暫停，中斷”，符合語境。 6．A.defended B．excused C．discouraged D．dismissed C　解析：但是通常，大多數(shù)女性不被支持，或者被阻止去選擇自己的道路。discourage“阻止，阻撓”，符合語境。defend “保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)”；excuse “同意免除”；dismiss “去除，摒除”。 7．A.thought B．question C．moment D．bonus B　解析：作者希望這種境況可以改變，在作者看來，這是有關(guān)“堅忍”的問題(question)。thought “想法”；moment “時刻”；bonus “意外收獲，獎金”。 8．A.disadvantages B．concerns C．qualifications D．personalities A　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“my race, my gender” “I accepted as fuel for my success” 可知，此處指被別人列為作者的劣勢(disadvantages)的東西，比如她的種族，她的性別，作者將它們視為追求成功的動力。concern “擔(dān)憂”；qualification “資格”；personality “個性”。 9．A.ignore B．a(chǎn)ttack C．fort D．limit D　解析：根據(jù)下文中的 “I controlled my future.”可知，作者從不讓任何事或任何人來限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未來。limit “限制”，符合語境。 10．A.although B．because C．unless D．if B　解析：當(dāng)談起同工同酬問題時，作者感到懊惱，因為她自己親身體驗到性別差異的存在。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用because。 11．A.ever B．even C．never D．just C　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者永遠(yuǎn)不希望看到干了同樣的工作，女兒得到的報酬卻比兒子的少。never “從不，絕不”。 12．A.break down B．take after C．lay aside D．put away A　解析：為了獲取成功，女性不得不打破許多障礙。break down “打破，消除”，符合語境。take after “追趕，跟蹤”；lay aside “留存?zhèn)溆?，把……放在一邊”；put away “猛吃，積蓄，把……收起來”。 13．A.informed B．reminded C．a(chǎn)ssured D．criticized B　解析：其中一個障礙就是總有人提醒我們不是男性。remind “提醒，使想起”，符合語境。inform “通知，告知”；assure “使確信”；criticize “批判”。 14．A.unchallenged B．unpunished C．unpleted D．uncontrolled A　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者在此想表達(dá)的是女性不能對此置之不理，而要敢于質(zhì)疑。unchallenged “不被懷疑的，完全接受的，沒有異議的”，符合語境。unpunished “未受懲罰的”；unpleted “未完成的”；uncontrolled “未受控制的，不加約束的”。 15．A.appearance B．position C．background D．gender D　解析：對我們的評價應(yīng)該依據(jù)我們的成就而不是我們的性別。gender “性別”，符合語境。appearance “外貌”；position “職位”；background “出身背景，學(xué)歷”。 16．A.superior B．grateful C．indifferent D．preferable B　解析：作者從心底里感謝經(jīng)歷過的伴隨成功而來的起起伏伏。grateful “感激的，表示感謝的”，符合語境。superior “更好的，占優(yōu)勢的”；indifferent “不感興趣的，漠不關(guān)心的”；preferable “更可取的，更合適的”。 17．A.with B．through C．from D．beyond A　解析：參見上題解析。with “和，隨著”，符合語境。 18．A.intention B．inspiration C．solution D．expectation B　解析：作者希望她的故事可以激勵女性為她們的夢想而奮斗。inspiration “鼓舞人心的人(或事物)，使人產(chǎn)生動機(jī)的人(或事物)”，符合語境。intention “意圖”；solution “解決方法”；expectation “期待”。 19．A.pause B．a(chǎn)gree C．promise D．continue D　解析：女性必須繼續(xù)心懷遠(yuǎn)大的理想，這樣做的話，我們就給予下一代女性力量，給予她們追求成功的勇氣。下文中的 “the next generation”是暗示。continue “繼續(xù)”，符合語境。 20．A.expert B．enthusiastic C．brave D．learned C　解析：參見上題解析。expert “內(nèi)行的，經(jīng)驗豐富的”；enthusiastic “熱情的”；brave “勇敢的”；learned “有學(xué)問的，博學(xué)的”。 四、單句改錯 1．In fact, I didn’t realize its importance after I was elected the monitor.___________ 答案：去掉the 2．After the explosion, every means have been used to prevent the river from being polluted.___________ 答案：have→has 3．The reason why she couldn’t e to the meeting was because she had not been invited.___________ 答案：because→that 4．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.___________ 答案：去掉were 5．This is believed that hard work can lead to success.___________ 答案：This→It 五、單元語法——名詞性從句 1．(2016江蘇卷)It is often the case ___________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 答案：that 2．(2018四川德陽四校模擬)There have been frequent traffic accidents in China recently, and that is ___________ people are concerned. 答案：where 3．(2018山東省實驗中學(xué)一診)She has received the offer from you, but I don’t know ___________ she will accept it or not. 答案：whether/if 4．(2018廣東廣州期中)___________ there are living creatures in outer space as those on Earth hasn’t been proved until now. 答案：Whether 5．(2018浙江杭州二中期中)___________ is known to us all is that the 2020 Olympics will take place in Tokyo. 答案：What