現(xiàn)代移動通信畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯

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1、 一、英文原文 Modern mobile communication technology In now highly the information society, the information and the correspondence have become the modern society “the life”. The information exchange mainly relies on the computer correspondence, but corresponds takes the transmission method, with th

2、e sensing technology, the computer technology fuses mutually, has become in the 21st century the international society and the world economic development powerful engine. In order to of adapt the time request, the new generation of mobile communication technology seasonable and lives, the new genera

3、tion of mobile communication technology is the people said that third generations core characteristic is the wide band addressing turns on non-gap roaming between the rigid network and numerous different communications systems, gains the multimedia communication services. Along with the time progr

4、ess, the technical innovation, peoples life requests enhancement, the mobile communication technology renewal speed is quite astonishing, almost every other ten year mobile communication technology has a transformation update, from the 1980s “the mobile phone” to presents 3G handset, during has had

5、two mobile communication technology transformation, transits from 1G AMPS to 2G GSM, from GSM to IMT-2000 (i.e. 3G technology). Knows modern on me the mobile communication technology to have the following several aspect important technology: 1. wideband modulation and multiple access technique T

6、he wireless high speed data transmission cannot only depend on the frequency spectrum constantly the expansion, should be higher than the present number magnitude at least in the frequency spectrum efficiency, may use three technologies in the physical level, namely OFDM, UWB and free time modulatio

7、n code. OFDM with other encoding methods union, nimbly OFDM and TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, SDMA combines the multiple access technique. In the 1960s the OFDM multi-channel data transmission has succeeded uses in complex and the Kathryn high frequency military channels. OFDM has used in 1.6 M bit/s high bit

8、 rate digital subscriber line (HDSL), 6 M bit/s asymmetrical digital subscriber line (ADSL), 100 M bit/s really high speed figure subscribers line (VDSL), digital audio frequency broadcast and digital video broadcast and so on. OFDM applies on 5 GHz provides 54 M bit/s wireless local network IEEE 80

9、2.11 a and IEEE 802.11g, high performance this region network Hi per LAN/2 and ETSI-BRAN, but also takes metropolitan area network IEEE 802.16 and the integrated service digit broadcast (ISDB-T) the standard. Compares with the single load frequency modulation system service pattern, the OFDM modulat

10、ion service pattern needs to solve the relatively big peak even power ratio (PAPR, Peak to Average Power Ratio) and to the frequency shifting and the phase noise sensitive question. High speed mobile communications another request is under the wide noise bandwidth, must demodulate the signal-to-no

11、ise ratio to reduce as far as possible, thus increases the cover area. May adopt the anti-fading the full start power control and the pilot frequency auxiliary fast track demodulation technology, like the frequency range anti-fadings Rake receive and the track technology, the OFDMA technology which

12、declines from the time domain and the frequency range resistance time and the frequency selectivity, the link auto-adapted technology, the union coding technique. 2. frequency spectrum use factor lift technique The fundamental research pointed out: In the independent Rayleigh scattering channel,

13、 the data rate and the antenna several tenth linear relationships, the capacity may reach Shannon 90%. Is launching and the receiving end may obtain the capacity and the frequency spectrum efficiency gain by the multi-antenna development channel space. The MIMO technology mainly includes the spatial

14、 multiplying and the space diversity technology, concurrent or the salvo same information enhances the transmission reliability on the independent channel. Receives and dispatches the bilateral space diversity is the high-capacity wireless communication system uses one of technical. Bell Lab free

15、times opposite angle BLAST (D-BLAST) capacity increase to receive and dispatch the bilateral smallest antenna number in administrative levels the function. The cross time domain which and the air zone expansion signal constitutes using MIMO may also resist the multi-diameter disturbance. V-BLAST sys

16、tem when indoor 24~34 dB, the frequency spectrum use factor is 20~40 bit/s/Hz. But launches and the receiving end uses 16 antennas, when 30 dB, the frequency spectrum use factor increases to 60~70 bit/s/Hz. The smart antenna automatic tracking needs the signal and the auto-adapted free time proces

17、sing algorithm, produces the dimensional orientation wave beam using the antenna array, causes the main wave beam alignment subscriber signal direction of arrival through the digital signal processing technology, the side lobe or zero falls the alignment unwanted signal direction of arrival. The aut

18、o-adapted array antennas (AAA, Adaptive Array Antennas) disturbs the counter-balance balancer (ICE, Interference Canceling Equalizer) to be possible to reduce disturbs and cuts the emissive power. 3. software radio technology The software radio technology is in the hardware platform through the

19、software edition by a terminal implementation different system in many kinds of communication services. It uses the digital signal processing language description telecommunication part, downloads the digital signal processing hardware by the software routine (DSPH, Digital Signal Processing Hardwar

20、e). By has the general opening wireless structure (OWA, Open Wireless Architecture), compatible many kinds of patterns between many kinds of technical standards seamless cut. UWB is also called the pulse to be radio, the modulation uses the pulse width in the nanosecond level fast rise and the dro

21、p pulse, the pulse cover frequency spectrum from the current to the lucky hertz, does not need in the radio frequency which the convention narrow band frequency modulation needs to transform, after pulse formation, may deliver directly to the antenna launch. 4. software radio technology The soft

22、ware radio technology is in the hardware platform through the software edition by a terminal implementation different system in many kinds of communication services. It uses the digital signal processing language description telecommunication part, downloads the digital signal processing hardware by

23、 the software routine (DSPH, Digital Signal Processing Hardware). By has the general opening wireless structure (OWA, Open Wireless Architecture), compatible many kinds of patterns between many kinds of technical standards seamless cut. 5. network security and QoS QoS divides into wireless and t

24、he wired side two parts, wireless sides QoS involves the radio resource management and the dispatch, the admission control and the mobility management and so on, the mobility management mainly includes the terminal mobility, individual mobility and service mobility. Wired sides QoS involves based on

25、 the IP differ discrimination service and the RSVP end-to-end resources reservation mechanism. Mechanism maps the wireless side IP differ IP the QoS. Network security including network turning on security, core network security, application security, safety mechanism visibility and configurable. In

26、 the above modern mobile communication key technologies foundation, has had the land honeycomb mobile communication, the satellite communication as well as the wireless Internet communication, these mailing address caused the correspondence appearance to have the huge change, used the digital techni

27、que the modern wireless communication already to permeate the national economy each domain and peoples daily life, for this reason, we needed to care that its trend of development, hoped it developed toward more and more convenient peoples lifes direction, will let now us have a look at the modern m

28、obile communication the future trend of development. modern mobile communication technological development seven new tendencies : First, mobility management already from terminal management to individual management and intelligent management development Second, network already from synchronized

29、 digital circuit to asynchronous digital grouping and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) development; the three, softwares developments actuated from the algorithm to the procedure-oriented and face the goal tendency development; the four, information processing have developed from the voice to the

30、 data and the image; five, wireless frequency spectrum processing already from narrow band simulation to the narrow band CDMA development; the six, computers have developed from central processing to the distributional server and intellectualized processing; the seven, semiconductor devices ha

31、ve developed from each chip 16,000,000,000,000 /150MHz speed VLSI to 0.5 /350MHz speed VLSI and 2,000,000,000,000,000 /550MHz speed VLSI. Under this tendencys guidance, the mobile service rapid development, it satisfied the people in any time, any place to carry on the correspondence with any indi

32、vidual the desire. The mobile communication realizes in the future the ideal person-to-person communication service way that must be taken. In the information support technology, the market competition and under the demand combined action, the mobile communication technologys development is progress

33、es by leaps and bounds, presents the following several general trends: work service digitization, grouping; 2. networking wide band; working intellectualization; 4.higher frequency band; 5. more effective use frequency; 6.each kind of network tends the fusion. The understanding, grasps these tendenc

34、ies has the vital practical significance to the mobile communication operator and the equipment manufacturer. 二、英文翻譯 現(xiàn)代移動通信 在當今高度信息化的社會，信息和通信已成為現(xiàn)代社會的“命脈”。信息的交流主要依賴于計算機通信，而通信作為傳輸手段，與傳感技術、計算機技術相互融合，已成為21世紀國際社會和世界經濟發(fā)展的強大動力。為了適應時代的要求，新的一代移動通信技術應時而生，新的一代移動通信技術即人們稱之第三代的核心特征是寬帶尋址接入到固定網和眾多不同通信系統(tǒng)間

35、的無隙縫漫游，獲取多媒體通信業(yè)務。 隨著時代的進步、科技的創(chuàng)新、人們的生活要求的提高，移動通信技術更新?lián)Q代速度相當驚人，差不多每隔十年移動通信技術就發(fā)生一次變革性換代，從上個世紀80年代的“大哥大”到現(xiàn)在的3G手機，其間發(fā)生了兩次移動通信技術的變革，從1G的AMPS過渡到2G的GSM，從GSM到IMT-2000（即3G技術）。就我所知現(xiàn)代的移動通信技術有以下幾方面的重要技術： 1.寬帶調制和多址技術 無線高速數據傳輸不能一味僅靠頻譜的擴展，應在頻譜效率上至少高于目前一個數量級，可在物理層采用三項技術，即OFDM、UWB和空時調制編碼。OFDM與其他編碼方式的結合，靈活把OFDM與TDMA

36、、FDMA、CDMA、SDMA組合成多址技術。 20世紀60年代OFDM的多路數據傳輸已成功用于Kine plex和Kathryn高頻軍事通信系統(tǒng)。OFDM已用于1.6 Mbit/s高比特率數字用戶線（HDSL），6 M bit/s不對稱數字用戶線（ADSL），100 Mbit/s甚高速數字用戶線（VDSL），數字音頻廣播和數字視頻廣播等。OFDM應用于5 GHz上提供54 Mbit/s無線本地網IEEE 802.11 a和IEEE 802.11g，高性能本地域網絡Hiper LAN/2和ETSI-BRAN，還作為城域網IEEE 802.16和集成業(yè)務數字廣播（ISDB-T）標準。與單載頻調

37、制制式相比，OFDM調制制式要解決相對大的峰均功率比（PAPR，Peak to Average Power Ratio）和對頻率位移和相位噪聲敏感的問題。 高速移動通信的另一要求是在寬噪聲帶寬下，所需解調信噪比應盡可能降低，從而增加覆蓋面積?？刹扇】顾ヂ涞目焖侔l(fā)射功率控制和導頻輔助快速跟蹤相干解調技術，如頻域抗衰落的Rake接收和跟蹤技術，從時域和頻域抵抗時間和頻率選擇性衰落的OFDMA技術，鏈路自適應技術，聯(lián)合編碼技術。 2.頻譜利用率提升技術 理論研究指出：在獨立Rayleigh散射信道中，數據速率與天線數成線性關系，容量可達Shannon的90%。在發(fā)射和接收端以多天線開發(fā)信道空間

38、可取得容量和頻譜效率的增益。MIMO技術主要包括空間復用和空間分集技術，在獨立信道上并發(fā)或連發(fā)相同信息來提高傳輸可靠性。 收發(fā)雙方的空間分集是高容量無線通信系統(tǒng)采用技術之一。貝爾實驗室分層次空時的對角BLAST（D-BLAST）容量的增加為收發(fā)雙方最小天線數的函數。利用MIMO所構成的跨時域和空域的擴展信號還可以抵抗多徑干擾。V-BLAST系統(tǒng)在室內24～34dB時，頻譜利用率為20～40bit/s/Hz。而發(fā)射和接收端均采用16天線，在30dB時，頻譜利用率增至60～70bit/s/Hz。 智能天線自動跟蹤所需信號和自適應空時處理算法，利用天線陣產生空間定向波束，通過數字信號處理技術使主

39、波束對準用戶信號到達方向，旁瓣或零陷對準干擾信號到達方向。自適應陣列天線（AAA，Adaptive Array Antennas）中干擾抵消均衡器（ICE，Interference Canceling Equalizer）可減少干擾和降低發(fā)射功率。 3.軟件無線電技術 軟件無線電技術是在硬件平臺上通過軟件編輯以一個終端實施不同系統(tǒng)中多種通信業(yè)務。它用數字信號處理語言描述電信元件，以軟件程序下載成數字信號處理硬件（DSPH，Digital Signal Processing Hardware）。以具有通用開放無線結構（OWA，Open Wireless Architecture），兼容多種模

40、式在多種技術標準之間無縫切換。 UWB也稱為脈沖無線電，調制采用脈沖寬度在納秒級的快速上升和下降脈沖，脈沖覆蓋的頻譜從直流至吉赫茲，不需常規(guī)窄帶調制所需的射頻上變換，脈沖成型后可直接送至天線發(fā)射。 4.軟件無線電技術 軟件無線電技術是在硬件平臺上通過軟件編輯以一個終端實施不同系統(tǒng)中多種通信業(yè)務。它用數字信號處理語言描述電信元件，以軟件程序下載成數字信號處理硬件（DSPH，Digital Signal Processing Hardware）。以具有通用開放無線結構（OWA，Open Wireless Architecture），兼容多種模式在多種技術標準之間無縫切換。 5.網絡安全和Q

41、oS QoS分為無線和有線側兩部分，無線側的QoS涉及無線資源管理和調度，接納控制和移動性管理等，移動性管理主要包括終端移動性，個人移動性和業(yè)務移動性。有線側的QoS涉及基于IP diffSer的區(qū)分業(yè)務和RSVP的端到端資源預留機制。把IP differ的IP QoS機制映射到無線側。網絡安全包括網絡接入安全，核心網安全，應用安全，安全機制可見性與可配置性。 在上述現(xiàn)代移動通信關鍵技術的基礎上，產生了陸地蜂窩移動通信、衛(wèi)星通信以及無線因特網通信技術，這些通信方式使通信面貌發(fā)生了巨大的變化，采用數字技術的現(xiàn)代無線通信已經滲入國民經濟的各個領域和人們的日常生活，為此，我們需要關心它的發(fā)展趨勢

42、，希望它朝著越來越方便人們的生活的方向發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在就讓我們來看看現(xiàn)代移動通信的未來發(fā)展趨勢吧。 現(xiàn)代移動通信技術發(fā)展的七個新趨勢： 一、移動管理已從終端管理向個人管理和智能管理發(fā)展； 二、網絡已從同步的數字電路向異步的數字分組和異步傳遞方式(ATM)發(fā)展； 三、軟件的開發(fā)已從算法驅動到面向過程和面向目標的趨勢發(fā)展； 四、信息處理已從話音發(fā)展到數據和圖像； 五、無線頻譜的處理已從窄帶模擬向窄帶CDMA發(fā)展； 六、計算機已從集中式處理發(fā)展到分布式服務器和智能化處理； 七、半導體器件已從每芯片16兆門/150MHz速率的VLSI發(fā)展到0.5千兆門/350MHz速率的VLSI和2千兆門 /550MHz速率的 VLSI。 在這種趨勢的引導下，移動通信業(yè)務迅猛發(fā)展，它滿足了人們在任何時間、任何地點與任何個人進行通信的愿望。移動通信是實現(xiàn)未來理想的個人通信服務的必由之路。在信息支撐技術、市場競爭和需求的共同作用下，移動通信技術的發(fā)展更是突飛猛進，呈現(xiàn)出以下幾大趨勢：1．網絡業(yè)務數據化、分組化；2．網絡技術寬帶化；3．網絡技術智能化；4．更高的頻段；5．更有效利用頻率；6．各種網絡趨于融合。了解、掌握這些趨勢對移動通信運營商和設備制造商均具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。