現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時.ppt

現(xiàn)在完成時,ThePresentPerfectTense,主語+have/has+done,Shehasfinishedherhomework.Shehasnotfinishedherhomework.Hasshefinishedherhomework?Whathasshedone?,肯定句,否定句,一般疑問句,特殊疑問句,主語+have/has+not+done,Have/Has+主語+done?,特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+done?,動詞的過去分詞的變化規(guī)則,1.規(guī)則變化(1)一般情況下，動詞詞尾加-ed。如：worked,played,wanted,acted,(2)以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾動詞，動詞詞尾加d。如：lived,moved,decided,hoped,judged,raised,(3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞,把-y變?yōu)?i再加-ed。如：studied,tried,copied,cried,carried,(4)重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加ed。如：stopped,begged,dragged,dropped,planned,2.不規(guī)則變化原形過去式過去分詞,becomebeginbreakbringbuybuildcatchcomegoget,becamebeganbrokebroughtboughtbuiltcaughtcamewentgot,becomebegunbrokenbroughtboughtbuiltcaughtcomegonegot,gotten,3.現(xiàn)在完成時可以與already,ever,recently,never,yet,foralongtime,lately,just,since過去的時間點/一般過去時,in/duringthepast/lastfewyears等狀語連用。,1.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.2.Hehasntcleanedtheroomyet.3.ShehaslivedinChinasince2008.4.WehavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.5.Theyhaventseeneachotherforalongtime.6.Inthelast10years,thepriceofhousehasincreased.,TranslateandSummarize,1.概念:表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。表示從過去某一時間開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。2.構(gòu)成:助動詞have/has動詞的過去分詞。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.HehaslivedinChinasince2008.,現(xiàn)在完成時,sb+have/has+延續(xù)性動詞的過去分詞+for+一段時間IhavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.Hehashadthebikefor2years.sb+have/has+done+since+過去時間點/一般過去時MrGreenhaslivedinChinasince2008/sincehegotmarried.銜接教材149頁練習用for或since填空。,現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊提示詞,in/duringthelast/pastfewyears在過去幾年Inthepast10years,thepriceofhousehasincreasedalot.sofar迄今為止，到目前為止Sofar,Ihaveread10Englishnovels.,1.我已經(jīng)完成我的家庭作業(yè)了。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.2.他曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎？HasheeverbeentoBeijing?3.他從未去過北京。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.4.我剛完成我的家庭作業(yè)。Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.,4.havebeento，havegoneto的用法區(qū)別：havebeento表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已不在該地。havegoneto則表示“已經(jīng)去某地了”，說話時不在說話地點，或在去某地的途中，或已到了某地，總之現(xiàn)在還未回來。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去過上海。(他已不在上海了。)HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。(他可能在去上海的路上，或已到上海，現(xiàn)在不在這里。),銜接教材143頁練習用havebeento和havegoneto填空。,6.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別：Ihaveseenthefilm.我看過這部電影。(我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容。)Isawthefilmlastweek.我上星期看了這部電影。(只說明看了這部電影，不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況。)Hehaslivedheresince1998.1998年以來他一直住在這里。(他現(xiàn)在還住在這里。)Helivedherein1998.1998年他住在這里。(不涉及現(xiàn)在他是否還住在這里。),1.I_(finish)cleaningmybedroom.Itscleannow.2.Hello!CanIspeaktoMr.White?Sorry,heisnthererightnow.He_(go)toLondon.3.Mybrotherleftschoolin2005,andsincethenhe_(live)inBeijing.4.Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?Well,we_(decide)yet.5.Joe，myclosefriend，movedtoBeijingyearsago，andI_(notsee)himsincethen.,Practice,havefinished,hasgone,haslived,haventdecided,haventseen,6.Thegovernment_(take)actiontopreventairpollutionalready.7.TheSummerPalaceiswonderful.Haveyouevervisitedanyotherinterestingplaces?Yes.Also,we_(be)totheGreatWall.8.Howlonghaveyou_(had,bought)themotorbike?Forabouttwoweeks.9.Mom,I_(finish)myhomework.CanIwatchTVnow?,hastaken,had,havebeen,havefinished,Homework,1.我曾經(jīng)去過成都。IhavebeentoChengdu.2.他已經(jīng)讀了10本英文書。Hehasalreadyread10Englishbooks.3.她還沒完成她的作業(yè)。Shehasntfinishedherhomeworkyet.4.我們學英語超過三年了。WehavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.5.自從他來到中國，他已經(jīng)游覽了許多中國的城市。SincehecametoChina,hehasvisitedmanyChinesecities.,過去完成時ThePastPerfectTense,1.BeforeIwenttobed,Ihadfinishedmyhomework.2.AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.3.IrealizedthatIhadleftmykeyinmyoffice.4.WhenIgottothebusstop,thebushadleft.5.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfor10minutes.,Translateandsummarize,過去完成時表示在過去某個時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。它表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”，由“助動詞had過去分詞”構(gòu)成。表示過去某個時間可用by,before等構(gòu)成的短語，也可用when,before,bythetime等引導的從句或者通過上下文表示。IhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwenttobed.我在睡覺前完成了我的家庭作業(yè)。BythetimeIgottothebusstop,thebushadleft.當我到達公交站臺時，公交車已經(jīng)離開了。,過去完成時,1.by+過去時間“到時為止”Byyesterday,theyhadntfinishedthework.2.bytheendof+過去時間“在結(jié)束/末之前”Bytheendoflastmonth,wehadlearnedover2thousandwords.3.bythetime+一般過去時“到時”=whenBythetimeIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfor10minutes.,過去完成時的特殊提示詞,過去完成時與when,before,after等引導的時間狀語從句連用，強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的先后時間。Whenshegothome,hersonhadslept.Beforehearrivedhere,thefilmhadalreadystarted.AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.,過去完成時常用于賓語從句中Hesaidthathehadfinishedhiswork.IrealizedthatIhadleftmykeyintheoffice.體現(xiàn)在上下文中IdidntgotothemoviebecauseIhadseenittwice.ImetTominthestreetyesterday.Wehadntseeneachotherfortwoyears.,Practice,1.IwenttoTomshousebuthe(go)out.2.WhenI(arrive)atthestation,Jim(wait)forhalfanhour.3.Afterhe(finish)hiswork,hewenthome.4.Theboyranawayafterhe(break)thewindow.5.Bythetimeshearrivedhome,hertwochildren(sleep).,hadgone,arrived,hadwaited,hadfinished,hadbroken,hadslept,1.Thefilmhasbeenonfor10minuteswhenIgottothecinema.2.Bytheendoflastyear,theyproduced500,000cars.3.Hehadfoundthathehadleftthekeyintheoffice.,had,Correction,had,Homework,1.ReviewthePastPerfectTense.2.Reviewthewordslearntinjuniorhighschool.,