2019年高考英語二輪復習 1-1 名詞提能專訓.doc

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2019年高考英語二輪復習 1-1 名詞提能專訓 Ⅰ.單句語法填空(名詞) 1．Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________.(purpose, reference, progress, memory) 答案：reference　解析：句意：你最好記下那家餐館的電話以便將來參考。for future reference是固定搭配，意為“以備將來參考”。 2．—Can I help you with it? —I appreciate your ________， but I can manage it myself.(advice, question, offer, idea) 答案：offer　解析：根據(jù)句意“——我能幫你嗎？——我很感謝你的提議，但是我自己能行。”可知選offer。offer意為“(愿為某人做某事的)提議”。 3．You are working too hard. Youd better keep a ________ between work and relaxation.(promise, lead, balance, diary) 答案：balance　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你工作太努力了。你最好保持工作和放松之間的平衡。promise諾言；lead領先；balance平衡；diary日記。keep a balance為固定短語，意為“保持平衡”，符合句意。 4．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.(consequence, independence, petence, intelligence) 答案：petence　解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教師要不斷地更新他們的知識以維持他們的專業(yè)技能。consequence結果；independence獨立；petence技能，技巧；intelligence智力，智慧。 5．Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a(n) ________ of 40,000 per year.(average, number, amount, quantity) 答案：average　解析：句意：去年考過駕照的學生人數(shù)達到了20萬，平均每年4萬。an average of意為“平均數(shù)”。 6．Most workers have heard the news that their products, with excellent quality and delicate skill, are enjoying growing ________ among the customers abroad.(favor, dignity, response, profit) 答案：favor　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：很多工人已經聽說了這個消息：他們的產品由于質量好、做工精致，贏得了越來越多的國外客戶的青睞。favor“偏愛，支持”，符合句意。dignity“尊貴，高尚”；response“反應，答復”；profit“利潤”。 7．The factories are staying open all weekend to try to meet the customers________ for this product.(principle, standard, pressure, demand) 答案：demand　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：這些工廠周末都在開工，以滿足顧客對該產品的需求。meet ones demand for sth.表示“滿足某人對某物的需求”。 8．The government will begin a series of ________ to help the public fully understand the new educational system.(applications, presentations, traditions, administrations) 答案：presentations　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：政府將開展一系列的發(fā)布會來幫助公眾充分了解新的教育制度。application應用，運用；presentation發(fā)布會，展示會；tradition傳統(tǒng)；administration管理。根據(jù)句意可知應選presentations。 9．The best way to undertake big projects is to force them into your________. Spare time doesnt appear from nowhere and you need to create it with efforts.(presentation, campaign, schedule, procedure) 答案：schedule　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：著手做大型項目的最佳辦法是把這些項目擠進你的日程安排里，空余的時間是不會平白冒出來的，你得努力創(chuàng)造空余時間。根據(jù)空后的“Spare time”和句意可推斷應選schedule，表示“日程安排，工作計劃”。presentation陳述，頒發(fā)；campaign戰(zhàn)役，運動；procedure程序，步驟。 10．—What did he do in return for free ________ and food offered by the kind couple? —He helped their son with his lessons.(conservation, admission, acmodation, immigration) 答案：acmodation　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意“——他做什么來回報那對好心的夫婦給他提供的免費食宿？——他給他們的兒子輔導功課?！眂onservation表示“保護，保存”；admission表示“承認，允許，入場費”；acmodation表示“住處”；immigration表示“移民”。根據(jù)句意可知應選acmodation。 11．He was faced with the________ of whether or not to return to his country after he got a PhD in America.(situation, circumstance, environment, dilemma) 答案：dilemma　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：他面臨著在美國獲得博士學位之后是否回國的兩難境地。根據(jù)whether or not可知應選dilemma，意為“(進退兩難的)窘境，困境”。 12．In recent years, many mainland residents have rushed to Hong Kong to buy baby milk powder due to their ________ about its quality.(anxiety, curiosity, generosity, attention) 答案：anxiety　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：近年來，許多大陸居民奔赴香港購買嬰兒奶粉，因為他們擔心奶粉的質量。anxiety意為“擔心”，符合語境。curiosity意為“好奇”；generosity意為“慷慨”；attention意為“注意”，均與語境不符，故排除。 13．Finding information in todays world is easy. The ________ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.(knowledge, ability, petition, challenge) 答案：challenge　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：當今世界找尋信息很容易，但困難的事是你如何辨別你所獲得的信息是否有用。knowledge“知識”；ability“能力”；petition“競賽”；challenge：“挑戰(zhàn)；艱巨任務”。 14．The lead singer was ill and couldnt sing that night, and her ________ didnt perform well, which made the audience disappointed.(attitude, substitute, institute, altitude) 答案：substitute　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：那天晚上主唱歌手生病了，無法演出，替代她的歌手表演得不好，這讓觀眾很失望。attitude態(tài)度；substitute代替者；institute學院，研究所；altitude高度，海拔。根據(jù)句意可知應選substitute。 15．Mo Yan, a most widelyread writer, takes a plete new ________ to describing Chinas rural and folk culture.(way, approach, passage, entry) 答案：approach　解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：莫言的作品被廣泛閱讀，他采用了全新的方法來描述中國的鄉(xiāng)村民俗文化。an approach to為固定搭配，相當于a way of，意為“……的方法”；passage指人們行走的“通道，走廊”；entry意為“進入；進入權；入口處”。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解(時事新聞類＋健康環(huán)保類) A (xx屆高三大聯(lián)考二) A new report shows that 64 percent of Chinese millionaires have either migrated or plan to migrate abroad－taking their spending and fortunes with them. The United States is their favorite destination. The report from Hurun, a wealth research firm that focuses on China, said that onethird of Chinas super rich－or those worth $ 16 million or more－h(huán)ave already migrated. The data show the massive numbers of rich Chinese taking their families and fortunes overseas. Previous studies show the main reasons rich Chinese are leaving is to pursue better educations for their kids, and to escape the pollution and overcrowding in urban China. But analysts say there is another reason the Chinese rich are fleeing: to protect their fortunes. With the Chinese government starting the campaign against corruption, many of the Chinese rich－who made their money through some connection or favors from government－want to keep their money what is hard for the Chinese government to reach. According to Wealth Insight, the Chinese wealthy now have about $658 billion stored in offshore assets(資產). Boston Consulting Group puts the number lower, at around $ 450 billion, but says offshore investments are expected to double in the next three years. The mass millionaire migration out of China is also hitting luxury panies hard. Hurun said Chinas luxury sales last year fell 15 percent－the biggest drop in over a half a decade. Spending on gifts, which made up a sizable portion of luxury sales, fell 25 percent. In other words, it isnt that wealthy buyers in China are spending less－theyre just disappearing. Most are looking for permanent residences, Hurun said. The United States was their top destination, which any real estate agent in San Francisco, Seattle or New York can confirm. Europe is their second favorite destination, followed by Canada, Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong. 1．Some Chinese millionaires migrate abroad ________. A．because they intend to make fortunes in the new places B．because they hope their kids will get better education C．because they wish to invest their money wisely D．because they do because other rich people do 2．What does the fourth paragraph imply? A．The Chinese wealthy is on top of the world. B．Boston Consulting Group weles the rich. C．The rich will earn more than $ 450 billion. D．More millionaires will settle down abroad. 3．Which is the proper title for the passage? A．Rich Chinese Continue to Flee China. B．Most Wealthy Chinese Invest Abroad. C．Rich Chinese Are Making a Hard Choice. D．Chinese Government Will Take Measures. 答案： 1．B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第二段可知，中國富豪移民的主要原因是為孩子追求更優(yōu)質的教育，以及遠離中國都市的污染和擁擠。故選B項。 2．D　解析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段的offshore investments are expected to double in the next three years可知，在接下來的3年中海外投資將翻倍。因此會有更多的富人移居海外。故選D項。 3．A　解析：主旨大意題。文中講述了部分中國富豪帶著資產移居國外的消息，因此選項A正確。 B (xx內蒙古包頭市高三測試) Hello! Im Jan from Mrs. Lakes class. My class wants to work together to help the public. We think we have found a great way to do this. Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town. We learned about the AdoptaHighway Program. This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads. We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway. Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet. When a highway is adopted, only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people. The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean. Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it. The sign is put up at the side of the road. This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean. The AdoptaHighway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer. Also, the government does not have to send out as many road workers. This saves money. Finally, people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people, especially teenagers like us, cleaning them up. We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway. If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean, please e with your parents to the meeting next week. We will meet in Mrs. Lakes room on Wednesday at 6：00 P．M. At the meeting, we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of peoples unkind acts. Then well try to pick an area to adopt and clean up. I look forward to seeing you at the meeting. Remember to keep our roads clean! 4．What is the AdoptaHighway Program about? A．Giving names to the highways. B．Drawing pictures of highways. C．Picking up litter along the roads. D．Putting up signs near the roads. 5．What should the students do first if they want to join the program? A．Pick a spot to care for. B．Call Mrs. Lake next week. C．Write a letter to their parents. D．Go to a meeting on Wednesday. 6．What is the purpose of this speech? A．To encourage students to join the program. B．To introduce the traffic system. C．To show drivers how to drive safely. D．To tell a story about adopting a pet. 7．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．AdoptaPet B．AdoptaHighway C．Ways to Protect the Environment D．Volunteers on Roads 答案： 【語篇解讀】　本文屬于說明文。你可能聽過領養(yǎng)孩子、寵物。但你聽過“領養(yǎng)”公路嗎？本文介紹了一群青少年為保護公路環(huán)境，專門“領養(yǎng)”一段公路，去清理公路上的垃圾。 4．C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。難度較小。根據(jù)第一段中“This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads.”可知，“領養(yǎng)公路”組織的主要任務就是組織人們清理公路上的垃圾。故選C。 5．D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。難度較小。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，想加入組織的青少年應先和家長一起參加下周三在Mrs.Lake家舉行的會議，會上將確定需要清理的路段，然后各組選擇一段開始清理。故選D。 6．A　解析：寫作意圖題。難度中等。根據(jù)全文內容可推斷出，本文主要的目的是號召更多的人加入到“領養(yǎng)公路”的活動中來。故選A。 7．B　解析：標題概括題。難度中等。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一項青少年參與的環(huán)?；顒印癆doptaHighway”。因此B項做題目最合適。A項與文章無關；C項范圍過大；D項偏離主題。 Ⅲ.完形填空(夾敘夾議文) (xx河北唐山高三?？? Id gone from a tiny village school with a total of 60 students to a huge school with thousands of pupils. I was a little fish in a very big __1__. I lived too much of my first year __2__ doing anything wrong. I just decided to be the wall flower when it __3__class discussion and answering questions. I was always the one that __4__ didnt look the teachers in the eye __5__ they asked me to answer. I listened well, and __6__ everything in, but I always liked to be a spectator(旁觀者). Its hard not to __7__ what others may think of you when you are speaking in front of many __8__. It did take long for me to feel __9__ with teachers and make friends with classmates. Some people __10__ straight into a new learning environment. __11__， most are nervous and feel they dont fit in. Its pletely __12__， so it should not be a worry to you. Be __13__ and you will adapt to the new school. School life is __14__ you make of it. Some __15__ it; some love it. But its only when you leave that you can really appreciate how school __16__ you into the person you bee. Its so important to __17__ yourself out of your fort zone. If youre shy, tell yourself youll raise your __18__at least once every lesson; if youre quickminded, try to give other people a (n) __19__. In time, you will __20__ how much you loved it or hated it. 1. A. class B. school C. lake D. house 2. A. in fear of B. in favour of C. in honor of D. in danger of 3. A. got to B. referred to C. turned to D. came to 4. A. sharply B. purposely C. hopelessly D. searchingly 5. A. in case B. so that C. the moment D. soon after 6. A. wrote B. brought C. took D. got 7. A. doubt B. apply C. check D. care 8. A. teachers B. classmates C. adults D. friends 9. A. angry B. popular C. disappointed D. fortable 10. A. slide B. fit C. change D. turn 11. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Meanwhile 12. A. normal B. strange C. awkward D. interesting 13. A. proud B. practical C. private D. positive 14. A. what B. how C. which D. when 15. A. like B. ignore C. accept D. hate 16. A. forces B. develops C. places D. teaches 17. A. push B. take C. kick D. remove 18. A. voice B. question C. hand D. head 19. A. answer B. chance C. hug D. smile 20. A. forget B. forgive C. realize D. remember 答案： 【語篇解讀】　作者轉學后花了很長時間才適應新的學習環(huán)境。作者在文中為那些要適應新的學習環(huán)境的人提供了建議。 1. C　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，作者從一所小的鄉(xiāng)村學校轉到一所大學校，所以作者將自己比作一個大湖里的小魚，應選擇C。 2. A　解析：根據(jù)下文的“I just decided to be the wall flower...”可知，到了新的環(huán)境，作者害怕出錯，所以決定做局外人，應選擇A。in fear of“害怕”；in favour of“支持”；in honor of“為向……表示敬意”；in danger of“處于……的危險中”。 3. D　解析：when it es/came to...表示“當論及……的時候”，為固定結構。 4. B　解析：根據(jù)上一句可知，作者不想?yún)⑴c課堂討論和回答問題，所以作者會故意避免與老師的目光接觸，應選擇B。sharply“急劇地”；purposely“故意地”；hopelessly“無望地”；searchingly“徹底地”。 5. A　解析：作者故意避免與老師的目光接觸，以防老師提問他。in case“以防”；so that“以便”；the moment“一……就”；soon after“在……之后，不久”。 6. C　解析：根據(jù)上文的“I listened well”可知，作者聽講很認真，應是努力記住課堂上老師講的一切東西。take in“領會，記住”。 7. D　解析：根據(jù)上文的“but I always liked to be a spectator(旁觀者)”，并結合下文的“It did take long for me... make friends with classmates.”可知，在許多同班同學面前講話而不在意別人的看法是很難的。doubt“懷疑”；apply“應用”；check“核實”；care“在意，在乎”。 8. B　解析：參見上題解析。 9. D　解析：作者花了很長時間才覺得與老師在一起很輕松。fortable表示“舒服的，輕松的”。 10. B　解析：根據(jù)下文的“feel they dont fit in”可知，此處應指一些人能立即適應新的學習環(huán)境，故用fit。 11. C　解析：上文說一些人能很快適應新的學習環(huán)境，下文說大部分人會緊張，覺得不適應，前后為轉折關系，因此選擇C。therefore“因此”；moreover“此外”；however“然而”；meanwhile“與此同時”。 12. A　解析：根據(jù)下文的“so it should not be a worry to you”可知，感覺不適應是完全正常的，所以不必為此擔心。normal“正常的”；strange“奇怪的”；awkward“笨拙的”；interesting“有趣的”。 13. D　解析：積極面對，你會適應新的學校。proud“自豪的”；practical“實用的”；private“私人的”；positive“積極的”。 14. A　解析：__14__ you make of it.為表語從句，因引導詞在從句中作make的賓語，表示“什么”，所以用what。 15. D　解析：根據(jù)下文的“some love it”及最后一段最后一句的“how much you loved it or hated it”可知，應選擇D。 16. B　解析：此處表示“學校如何使你變成現(xiàn)在的你”。force“強迫”；develop“使成長”；place“放置”；teach“教”。 17. A　解析：強迫自己走出自己的舒適區(qū)是很重要的。push sb.out of表示“把某人推出”。 18. C　解析：此處指每節(jié)課至少舉手回答一次問題，因此選擇C。 19. B　解析：如果你思維敏捷，盡量給別人一次機會。作者在此建議給別人回答問題的機會，而不是答案。 20. C　解析：此處指你最終會意識到你有多愛它或多恨它。forget“忘記”；forgive“原諒”；realize“意識到”；remember“記得”。 Ⅳ.語法填空 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __1__(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and burned.Now, years later，this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days __4__ even a few months.It took years of work __5__ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__(clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit __7__ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation, dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __9__ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be __10__ (patience)． 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.was　2.actually　3.the　4.or　5.to reduce 6．cleaner　7.that/which　8.amazing　9.changes 10．patient