2019年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 1-2 冠詞提能專(zhuān)訓(xùn).doc

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2019年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 1-2 冠詞提能專(zhuān)訓(xùn).單句語(yǔ)法填空(冠詞)1In the ricegrowing world, _ Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is _ leading figure.答案：the; a解析：考查冠詞。句意：在水稻種植領(lǐng)域，中國(guó)科學(xué)家袁隆平是一位領(lǐng)軍人物。單數(shù)名詞scientist后面有特定人名作同位語(yǔ)，因此表示特指，第一空應(yīng)用定冠詞the；單數(shù)名詞figure前加不定冠詞，表示泛指，第二空應(yīng)填不定冠詞。2All of life is _ act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking _ moment to say goodbye.答案：an; a解析：考查冠詞。句意：人生就是要放手，然而最令人痛心的是，我們來(lái)不及說(shuō)一聲再見(jiàn)。第一空，act后有定語(yǔ)修飾，表示“放手的行為”，此時(shí)act為可數(shù)名詞且發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，其前應(yīng)加不定冠詞an；第二空，take a moment to do sth.表示“花點(diǎn)時(shí)間做某事”。3The result was out of his expectation. Harry looked at the medal in _surprise without saying_ word.答案：/; a解析：考查冠詞。句意：這個(gè)結(jié)果出乎哈里的意料。他驚訝地看著獎(jiǎng)牌，什么話也沒(méi)說(shuō)。第一空，固定短語(yǔ)in surprise表示“驚訝地”；第二空，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞word前加a表示“一句話”。4We would often go for _ drive with some friends at that time，purely for _ fun.答案：a; /解析：考查冠詞。笫一空，go for a drive表示“開(kāi)車(chē)去兜風(fēng)”，為固定搭配；第二空，for fun“為了好玩”，為固定搭配。5Have you heard that Li Yapeng and Faye Wong divorced?Yes, _ news came as _ shock to me.答案：the; a解析：考查冠詞。第一空，特指上面提到的王菲和李亞鵬離婚的這件事，故用定冠詞the；第二空，此處是抽象名詞具體化，表示“一件令人震驚的事情”，用不定冠詞a。6Jack thought that he had _ gift for telling directions, so he didnt take _ pass with him on his weekend hike.答案：a; a解析：考查冠詞。句意：杰克認(rèn)為他有辨別方向的天賦，所以在周末的徒步旅行中，他沒(méi)有帶指南針。have a gift for意為“對(duì)有天賦”；pass是可數(shù)名詞，所以前面需加不定冠詞a。7How do you find the guy who took _ office last week?Hes always finding _fault with others.答案：/; /解析：考查冠詞。句意：你覺(jué)得上周就職的那個(gè)人怎么樣？他總是找別人的茬。take office“就職”，find fault with sb.“找某人的茬”，兩者均為固定短語(yǔ)，故兩個(gè)空均不填冠詞。8What do you think we should do when _ earthquake happens?In my opinion, go to _ open space away from buildings or trees.答案：an; an解析：考查冠詞?！癬 earthquake表示“一場(chǎng)地震”，因此第一空用不定冠詞an；space在此處表示“空地”，其前有形容詞修飾，且表示泛指意義，所以第二空也用不定冠詞an。9What I need is _ book that contains _ ABC of oil painting.答案：a; the解析：句意：我所需要的是一本含有油畫(huà)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的書(shū)。第一個(gè)空表泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞；第二個(gè)空后有of oil painting修飾，表特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞。10Being able to afford _ drink would be _ fort in those tough times.答案：a; a解析：考查冠詞。句意：在那些艱難的時(shí)期，能夠買(mǎi)得起一杯酒會(huì)是一件欣慰的事。drink此處是可數(shù)名詞，意為“(飲料，尤指酒的)一杯，一口”，a drink表示泛指，而不是特指，不能用the；a fort此處是抽象名詞具體化的用法，指具體的一件令人欣慰的事情。11We are said to be living in _ Information Age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes.答案：the; a解析：考查冠詞。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)我們生活在信息時(shí)代，一個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)和偉大的改變發(fā)生的時(shí)代。第一個(gè)空是普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞，前面要加定冠詞the；第二個(gè)空為抽象名詞具體化，表示“一個(gè)的時(shí)代”，應(yīng)填不定冠詞a。12In _ most countries, a university degree can give you _ flying start in life.答案：/; a解析：句意：在大多數(shù)國(guó)家中，大學(xué)學(xué)位能給你一個(gè)人生快速發(fā)展的美好開(kāi)始。第一個(gè)空，泛指大多數(shù)國(guó)家。故不填冠詞；第二個(gè)空后的start在此處為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用a修飾。13Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and _ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.答案：a; a解析：four and a half hours四個(gè)半小時(shí)，固定搭配；第二個(gè)空a break表示休息一次。14He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.答案：the; a解析：考查冠詞。句意：他在跳高比賽中沒(méi)有贏得金牌，但是，在跳遠(yuǎn)比賽中他還有(獲得金牌的)機(jī)會(huì)。gold在表示“金子、黃金”時(shí)，是物質(zhì)名詞，不可數(shù)，但是表示“金牌”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞。第一個(gè)空表示的是大家都知道的跳高比賽中的那塊金牌，所以用the；第二個(gè)空用a second表示“又一，再一”。15India attained _independence in 1947, after_long struggle.答案：/; a解析：句意：印度經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期斗爭(zhēng)后，在1947年獲得了獨(dú)立。因?yàn)閕ndependence是抽象名詞，在本句表泛指，故前面用零冠詞；struggle為可數(shù)名詞，在本句中表示泛指，故第二個(gè)空格.閱讀理解(科普研究類(lèi)人物故事類(lèi))A(xx東北三校高三聯(lián)考)Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters(倉(cāng)鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in the blue light and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didnt show any sleep uneasiness at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign, while if they were in the dim red light, they did not. ”Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive (感光的) cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleepwake cycle.He says theres a lot of blue in the white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing the red light or darkness.1. Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because _.A. they are similar to humans in dealing with colorsB. they are easy to observe and studyC. they are sensitive to colors like human beingsD. they are active at night and sleep during the day2. What sign shows that the hamsters are depressed?A. They drink less sugary water.B. They dont sleep well.C. Their eyesight bees worse.D. Their energy level bees low.3. _ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.A. A dim light B. A red lightC. A blue light D. Darkness4. What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?A. Not being exposed to a dim red light when using puters.B. Equipping their puter screen to put it more in a reddish light.C. Living or working in low levels of light overnight.D. Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.答案：【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇科普文。美國(guó)的研究人員通過(guò)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，通宵在昏暗的光線下生活和工作的人可能會(huì)患上重度抑郁癥。1. D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段說(shuō)，選擇倉(cāng)鼠作為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象是因?yàn)樗鼈儼滋焖X(jué)，夜間活動(dòng)，因此選D。2. A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段說(shuō)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)喝糖水最少的倉(cāng)鼠最為抑郁，因此選A。3. C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段說(shuō)，在藍(lán)色和白色燈光下睡覺(jué)的倉(cāng)鼠表現(xiàn)得最為抑郁，因此選C。4. B解析：推理判斷題。最后一段說(shuō)，生活在藍(lán)色和白色燈光下的倉(cāng)鼠比生活在紅色燈光下或黑暗中的倉(cāng)鼠更抑郁，因此在紅色光線中工作能防止抑郁，故B項(xiàng)正確。BJohn Cruitt, 62, spent decades tracking down his thirdgrade teacher.He wanted to talk with Cecile Doyle about 1958the year his mother, who was seriously ill, passed away.Her death came just days before Christmas. Cruitt had been expecting to go home from school and decorate the Christmas tree. “When I found out she died, I could certainly relate to that, because when I was 11, my own father died，” Doyle tells Cruitt at StoryCorps in Monroe, NY.“And you just dont know how youre going to go on without that person.”When Cruitt returned to school, Doyle waited until all of the other children left the room at the end of the day, and told him that she was there if he needed her.“Then you kissed me on the head，” Cruitt says. “And I felt that things really would be OK.”“Well, Cruitt, Im so glad that I could be there with you for that time，” says Doyle, 82.Decades after his mothers death, Cruitt began to think more and more of Doyle. He finally wrote a letter：Dear Mrs. Doyle，If you are not the Cecile Doyle who taught English at Emerson School in Kearny, NJ., then Im embarrassed, and you can disregard the letter.My name is John Cruitt, and I was in your thirdgrade class during the 19581959 school year. Two days before Christmas, my mother passed away, and you told me that you were there if I needed you. I hope life has been as kind to you as you were to me. God bless you.John CruittDoyle says his letter, which arrived in February, could not have e at a better time. Her husband, who passed away this August, was struggling with Parkinsons disease.“And I had just e home from the hospital, and I read this beautiful letter, and I just was overwhelmed，” she says.“Well the funny thing is, when I finally wrote to you again after 54 years, I typed the letterI was afraid my penmanship wasnt going to meet your standards，” Cruitt says as Doyle laughs.“John, what can I sayI m just glad that we made a difference in each others life.”5. After Cruitts mothers death, _.A. Cruitt totally relied on his fatherB. Doyle s words brought him fortC. Cruitt didnt go to school regularlyD. Doyle asked his classmates to help him6. Before Cruitt wrote the letter, he _.A. knew Doyles husband had passed awayB. believed Doyle was leading a happy lifeC. considered it embarrassing to write to DoyleD. was unsure whether Doyle could receive the letter7. Doyle believed the letter _.A. was a belated gift B. came at just the right timeC. lifted her confidence greatlyD. served as a reminder of her husband8. Why did Cruitt type the letter?A. Doyle had taught him typing.B. He was better at typing than writing.C. Doyle would be able to read it without difficulty.D. He was afraid Doyle would be dissatisfied with his writing.答案：【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文，文章敘述一位老人尋找三年級(jí)時(shí)曾給予自己莫大安慰的老師的故事。5. B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五、六段內(nèi)容可知，Doyle的話給了Cruitt很大安慰。6. D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Cruitt所寫(xiě)的信的第一段If you are not the Cecile Doyle who taught English at Emerson School in Kearny, NJ., then Im embarrassed, and you can disregard the letter可知，他不確定Cecile Doyle是否能收到這封信。7. B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第四段中的Doyle says his letter, which arrived in February, could not have e at a better time可知，Doyle認(rèn)為這封信來(lái)得正是時(shí)候。8. D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的I was afraid my penmanship wasnt going to meet your standards可知，Cruitt擔(dān)心自己的書(shū)寫(xiě)會(huì)讓Cecile Doyle不滿意。.七選五(xxxx普通高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè))Have you fallen into a pattern of sleeping poorly? _1_ Getting a good night sleep is very important to your physical and emotional health. Here are some simple actions and choices you can make right now to help you sleep better at night.1Avoid coffee, smoke, and alcohol. If you want coffee in the afternoon or evening, drink less. An alcoholic drink, especially more than one, will not help you sleep better. A drink may, or may not, help you fall asleep, but alcohol causes you to sleep poorly and be unable to sleep all night. _2_2Dont overeat, but dont go to bed hungry. If you arent tired of milk, try a small glass of warm milk or a piece of mild cheese in the evening. A small piece of chicken or other protein(蛋白質(zhì)) may also work well before bed. _3_3_4_ It can help you avoid lacking water and is generally good for your health. However, avoid water and other fluids for the last two hours before bedtime to reduce your need to go to the bathroom during the night.4Make your bedroom as quiet as you can. _5_ Consider using earplugs(耳塞) if your bedroom is noisy. Some people find that the white noise from a fan, as well as the air flow, helps them sleep better. Others find soft music or natural sounds like waves or bird songs to be relaxing and induce(導(dǎo)致) sleep. If you use music to help you fall asleep, you may find that you get better rest later in the night if you set the music to turn off after an hour.ADrink enough water early in the day.BIf you have a clock that ticks loudly, replace it.CIf you drink too much water, you will feel bad.DDont have your stomach empty before going to bed.EAre you concerned that you may not sleep well tonight?FAre you always worried about what you eat in the evening?GCigarettes are always an unhealthy habit, especially in the evening.1_2._3._4._5._答案：1.E2.G3.D4.A5.B.短文改錯(cuò)I was a newly qualified foothealth practitioner. One day I was in the phone to a female patient recently, go over the details of an appointment. I careful wrote down her address, phone number and the set time in case of I forgot. We were just finished the conversation when she said, “I hope you dont mind, so I have a rather strange question.” “Of course，” I reply. “Go right ahead.”“Well，” said a lady nervously, “I was wondering if they offered discounts because I only have one leg.” Feeling that the lady extremely serious, I said yes without hesitation.答案： .書(shū)面表達(dá)(xxxx學(xué)年普通高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè))假定你是李華，即將升入高三學(xué)習(xí)，某英文報(bào)就新高三學(xué)習(xí)的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行調(diào)查，請(qǐng)你結(jié)合以下調(diào)查問(wèn)卷，給報(bào)社寫(xiě)封信，談?wù)勀愕南敕?參考圖中提示)：注意： 1.詞數(shù)100左右(開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))； 2.可以適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dear editor， I am Li Hua, a Senior Two student._ _ _Hoping to receive your early reply.Yours，Li Hua答案：One possible version：Dear_editor，I_am_Li_Hua,_a_Senior_Two_student. Over the past two years, I have studied hard, but I havent learnt English well, especially in reading. Besides, I seldom asked my teacher and classmates questions. The summer holiday is ing. Ive made up my mind to make an improvement.To begin with, I will finish my homework, read a lot of reading materials in English and ask my teachers and classmates questions by emails or QQ. In addition, I will do some volunteer work and help those who are in need of help, learning more social experience.Next term, I will study harder than before. Not only will I learn basic knowledge but also I will improve my reading ability. I am determined to get a high mark in the College Entrance Examination and be admitted to a key university.Hoping_to_receive_your_early_reply.Yours，Li_Hua