2019-2020年高考英語 語法知識匯總 第06章 形容詞與副詞.doc
2019-2020年高考英語 語法知識匯總 第06章 形容詞與副詞第十一節(jié) 形容詞、副詞1. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. 【04全國】 A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest 2. I dont mind picking up your things from the store. _, the walk will do me good. 【04全國】A. Sooner or later B. Still C. In time D. Besides 3. I must be getting fat - I can _ do my trousers up. 【04全國】 A. fairly B. hardly C. nearly D. seldom4. When we plan our vacation, mother often offers _ suggestions. 【04全國】A. careful B. practical C. effective D. acceptable5. Lizzie was _to see her friend off at the airport.【04全國IV-33】A. a little more than sad B. more than a little sadC. sad snore than a little D. a little more sad than6.If you cant e tomorrow, well_ have to hold the meeting next week.【04全國】A. yet B. even C. rather D. just7. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will_.【04江蘇】 A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else8. The _house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years. 【04江蘇】A. little white wooden B. little wooden whiteC. white wooden little D. wooden white little9. _ students are required to take part in the boat race.【04浙江卷】 A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese10. Everyone was on time for the meeting _ Chris, whos usually ten minutes late for everything. 【04湖南卷】 A. but B. only C. even D. yet11. That doesnt sound very frightening, Paul, Ive seen _. What did you like most about the film? 【04湖南卷】 A. better B. worse C. best D. worst12. It is _ any wonder that his friend doesnt like watching television much. 【04廣東卷】A. no B. such C. nearly D. hardly13. Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do. 【04廣東卷】A. such B. that C. more D. very14. The great success of this programme has been _ due to the support given by the local businessmen. 【04廣東卷】A. rather B. very C. quickly D. largely15The number of people present at the concert was _than expected .There were many tickets left. 【04福建卷】Amuch smallerBmuch moreCmuch largerDmany more16John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car. 【04遼寧卷】Alarge German white Blarge white German Cwhite large German DGerman large white17. Mr. Smith used to smoke but he has given it up. 【04天津卷】A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly18. The husband gave his wife_ every month in order to please her. 【04重慶卷】A. all half his ine B. his half all ineC. half his all ine D. all his half ine19. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _ a native speaker. 【04上海卷】A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than20. In _ Chinese culture, marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children. 【04上海卷】A. traditional B. historic C. remote D. initial21. Most people on this island are recreational fishers, and _, fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time. 【04上海卷】A. accidentally B. purposefully C. obviously D. formally22. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home.Amuch too heavy Btoo much heavy【NMETxx】Cheavy too much Dtoo heavy much23My grandfather is as as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day. 【xx上海】Aenthusiastic Benergetic Ctalkative Dsensitive 24Broadly speaking, I would agree with Shirley, though not . 【xx上?!緼widely Bthoroughly Centirely Dextensively 25Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being . 【xx上海】Agraceful Bfashionable Cparticular Dfeasible 26. I hear they arent pleased with the house youve chosen for them.Well, _could they live in such fort? 【xx北京】A. where else B. what else C. how D. why27. Our neighbor has _ours. 【xx北京】A. as a big house as B. as big a house asC. the same big house as D. a house the same big as28. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has_ IQ. 【NMETxx】 A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest29. Sugar is not an important element in bread, but flour is . 【xx上?!緼. unique B. essential C. natural D. adequate30. The secret of his success is that he does everything . 【xx上海】A. efficiently B. curious C. anxiously D. sufficiently31. The shopkeeper gave us weight: we got 9 kilos instead of 10 kilos. 【xx上?!緼. scarce B. short C. light D. slight32. All the people _ at the party were his supporters. 【xx北京】 A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important33. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood_ to her mother. 【xx北京】 A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing34. It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science. 【NMETxx】 A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as 35. Its always difficult being in a foreign country, _if you dont speak the language. 【NMETxx】Aextremely Bnaturally Cbasically Despecially36. _to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. ABrave enough students BEnough brave students【NMETxx】CStudents brave enough DStudents enough brave37. If I had _, Id visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places. A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday【NMETxx】 C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough38. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is_ known for his plays.A. the best B. more C. better D. the most【NMETxx】39. Wait till you are more_. Its better to be sure than sorry. 【NMET1997】A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain40. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining. 【NMET1996】A. badly B. hardly C. stronglyD. heavily41. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard. 【NMET1996】A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voiceD. a better voice42. How was your recent visit to Qingdao? 【NMET1995】 It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the days at the seaside. A. few last sunnyB. last few sunny C. last sunny fewD. few sunny last43. Can you believe that in _a rich country there should be _many poor people? A. such; such B. such; so C. so; so D. so; such【NMET1995】44. We all write _, even when theres not much to say. 【MET1994】 A. now and then B. by and byC. step by step D. more or less45. If there were no examinations ,we should have _ at school. 【MET1994】A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time【答案與解析】1. A 該題考查形容詞的比較級。關(guān)鍵詞是much,它只能修飾名詞、動詞和形容詞副詞的比較級。heavy是形容詞,故選比較級。題意:瑪麗一直稱自己的體重看看又增長了多少。2. D 該題考查副詞的用法。besides作副詞解時(shí)意為: 此外;而且。在文章中起到承上啟下的作用。該題句意為:到商店買東西我不介意。而且,走走對我有好處。3. B該題考查副詞的用法。關(guān)鍵詞是getting fat,決定了后面選hardly。句意:我肯定變胖了,我?guī)缀醮┎簧衔业难澴恿恕?. B該題是中考查形容詞的辨析。據(jù)題意應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇B. practical 實(shí)用的,有實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的。A. careful小心的,仔細(xì)的 C. effective有效的D. acceptable可接受的,合意的。不符合題意。句意:當(dāng)我們制定假期計(jì)劃時(shí),媽媽經(jīng)常給我們提出一些有用的建議。5. B 該題考查形容詞、副詞的用法。more than此處意為:不僅僅,只是。修飾sad,a little意為:少許,有點(diǎn)。more than放在a little前。此處沒有比較的意思。句意:莉齊去機(jī)場送她朋友時(shí)非常傷心。6. D 該題考查副詞的用法。該題根據(jù)句意選擇。句意:如果你明天不來,我們只好下周開會。yet意為:還,尚;even意為:甚至;rather意為:寧愿;just意為:就在,就要。7B 該題考查形容詞else的用法。else常接于疑問代詞或不定代詞之后,意為:另外的,其他的,別的。題意:我從來不知道那時(shí)他惦念什么,別人也不會知道。此處是指除了我以外的任何人,因此選B. anyone else。nor 是否定詞不能選D。8A 該題考查限定語的形容詞的順序。限定語的形容詞的順序一般為“限冠(物主代詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞)+形、齡(大小、形狀、年齡)+色(顏色)+國材(國家、材料)+名詞”。據(jù)此選A。句意:這間白色的小木屋聞上去好像很多年沒人住過了。9. A 該題考查限定語的形容詞的順序。限定語的形容詞的順序一般為“限冠(物主代詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞)+形、齡(大小、 形狀、年齡)+色(顏色)+國材(國家、材料)+名詞”。據(jù)此選A。句意:需要十名年輕強(qiáng)壯的中國學(xué)生參加劃船比賽。10. C 該題考查副詞的使用。句意:全體都按時(shí)到會,甚至連平時(shí)經(jīng)常什么事都要遲到十分鐘的克里斯都按時(shí)來了。該題關(guān)鍵是Everyone和定語從句。干擾最大的是A.but。12.B 該題考查副詞的比較級。此處是和frightening比較。句意:那聽起來很恐懼,保羅,我看到的更糟。你最喜歡電影的那部分?worse意為:更壞地;更糟地。12. D 該題考查形容詞副詞的用法。該題的關(guān)鍵詞是any,由于它決定了不能選擇no,只能選hardly。句意:他的朋友不大喜歡看電視,這沒什么奇怪的。13. B該題考查程度副詞的用法。that 意為:To such an extent or degree: 那樣;達(dá)到這樣的范圍或程度;口(=so)如此, 這樣。此句還是否定句,故選擇that much,那么多。such 不能修飾much;此處沒有比較的意思,故more也不對。Very不如that好。只有B最佳。句意:有時(shí)在那里工作有點(diǎn)煩,因?yàn)闆]有那么多事可做。14. D該題考查副詞的用法。Largely意為:主要地,大量地,很大程度上;rather意為:寧愿,更合適,相當(dāng);very意為:非常quickly意為:很快地。句意:這個(gè)計(jì)劃的巨大成功很大程度上歸功于當(dāng)?shù)厣倘说闹С帧?jù)題意,應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇D。15A該題考查形容詞副詞的用法。much 修飾形容詞副詞的比較級,修飾number要用small或large不能用much或many。根據(jù)后一句話得知人數(shù)少。句意:出席音樂會的人數(shù)比預(yù)計(jì)的少,剩下很多票。16B該題考查作限定語的形容詞的順序。作限定語的形容詞的順序一般為“限冠(物主代詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞)+形、齡(大小、形狀、年齡)+色(顏色)+國材(國家、材料)+名詞”。據(jù)此,選擇B。句意:約翰史密斯,一位成功的商人,有一輛很大的白色的德國產(chǎn)的轎車。17. B 該題考查副詞辨析。關(guān)鍵詞smoke要用heavily修飾。句意:史密斯先生曾經(jīng)抽煙抽得很兇,但是現(xiàn)在戒了。18. A 該題考查定語的位置。All作定語是放在物主代詞、指示代詞、定冠詞、數(shù)詞的前面。half放在物主代詞前,故選A。句意:那位丈夫每月把他全部工資的一半給他妻子來取悅她。19. C 考查副詞的同級比較。因?yàn)樾揎梽釉~speak,所以選擇副詞,否定句因此選擇so。句意:他的英語說得很好,但是不如當(dāng)?shù)厝苏f得流利。20. A 考查形容詞的詞義辨析。句子意思為“在傳統(tǒng)的中國文化中,婚姻的決定往往都是由父母為孩子做出的”。Traditional“傳統(tǒng)的,慣例的”,historic“歷史的,有歷史性的”, remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的,偏僻的”,initial“最初的,初始的”,A符合句子意思要求。21. C 副詞詞義辨析。句子意思為“島上的大多數(shù)人為休閑的釣魚人,很顯然,釣魚構(gòu)成了他們空閑時(shí)間的一部分”。Accidentally“偶然地,意外的”,purposefully“有目的地,自覺地”,obviously“明顯地”,formally“正式地,形式上地”。22 A 該題考查形容詞、副詞的用法。much too修飾形容詞或副詞的原級以加強(qiáng)語氣,注意它不能放在many和few前;too much修飾動詞、不可數(shù)名詞和名詞短語。這兩個(gè)短語都要放在所修飾詞前。句意:因?yàn)橄渥犹夭荒芤宦房富丶遥珹llen不得不叫了一輛出租車。23.B 考查形容詞詞義辨析,enthusiastic(熱心的.熱情洋溢的)energetic(精力充沛的),talkative多話的.多嘴的,sensitive敏感的,通過as a young man and hates sitting可知B符合意思要求。24.C 考查副詞的用法,widely 廣泛的.thoroughly徹底地.entirely完全地.extensively廣闊地.廣泛的,通過全句意思,及though一詞可以推斷出C為正確答案。25.B 考查形容詞的詞義辨析,graceful優(yōu)雅的.優(yōu)美的,fashionable時(shí)新的.流行的,particular特別的,feasible可能的.可實(shí)行的.句子的意思為“那些經(jīng)常換手機(jī)的人將為了時(shí)尚而付出代價(jià),”B符合題意。26.A 該題考查副詞的用法。題意:我聽說他們對你給他們選的房子不滿意。噢,還有什么地方他們能住的如此舒服?根據(jù)第一句話,可以推斷他們談?wù)摰氖堑攸c(diǎn),因此選where,因?yàn)樯洗翁峒?,故在where后面要加上else,意為:還有什么地方。27.B 該題考查形容詞和副詞的用法。副詞as, too, how, so在修飾限定名詞的形容詞時(shí),放在不定冠詞的前面,即:as(too, how, so)形容詞a/an+名詞。因此該題選B。題意:我們鄰居的房子和我們的一樣大。28. B該題考查在否定句中不定冠詞和形容詞比較級連用表示最高級的用法。這里never與不定冠 詞和形容詞比較級連用表達(dá)最高級的含義。另外IQ, 即intelligence quotient(智商)。doubt有懷疑否定之意,后句可理解為,I dont think anyone else in the class has a higher IQ.句意:Boris 聰明,我懷疑班上是否有人比他更聰明。29.B 辨析形容詞的詞義,unique(唯一).essential(必要的,重要的)natural(自然的)adequate(適當(dāng)?shù)?,令人滿意的),面粉對于面包來說,當(dāng)然是最重要的成分。30.A 考查副詞,efficiently(有效力的,有能力的.有效率的).curiously(好奇地.古怪地)anxiously(憂慮地,擔(dān)心地)sufficiently(足夠地.充分地),句子意思是“他成功的秘密是他做任何事情都很有效率”因此,選擇A最為恰當(dāng)。31.B 考查形容詞的用法,scarce(缺乏的.供不應(yīng)求的)short(未達(dá)到通常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的.短缺的)light(輕的)slight(輕微的.細(xì)長的)句子的意思為“店主給我們的分量不足,應(yīng)該給10公斤,我們只得到9公斤。”short 符合意思要求。32. A 該題考查形容詞的用法。present意為:在場,和后面的at the party一起構(gòu)成形容詞短語作定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)省略形式的定語從句。句意:所有出席宴會的人們都是她的支持者。33. A 該題考查在特定情景下使用副詞的能力。close 為形容詞,意為:近的, 緊密的;closely為副詞,意為:緊密地; closed 為形容詞,意為:關(guān)閉的;closing為形容詞,意為:結(jié)束的。句中的stand是系動詞,后街形容詞作表語。據(jù)題意得知,此處指離他媽媽近。句意:雨下的很大,小瑪麗感到冷,因此僅僅依偎著她媽媽。34. D該題考查修飾名詞的形容詞比較級的用法。如果要說明兩個(gè)東西在某一方面是一樣的我們就 可以用“as形容詞或副詞as”結(jié)構(gòu)。如果這個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)帶不定冠詞的名詞,這個(gè)形容詞的位置就在第一個(gè)as之后,不定冠詞之前,即as + adj. + a/an + n + as。在本題中,an art意為“一種技巧”,要表達(dá)“與具有同樣的技巧”,要用形容詞much,其結(jié)構(gòu)是“as much an art as”。題意:普遍認(rèn)為教書和藝術(shù)是非常類似的科學(xué)。35 D該題考查副詞extremely, naturally, basically 和especially的辨析。Extremely意為:極端地, 非常地;是說明程度的副詞,用來修飾形容詞或副詞;basically意為:基本地;主要地; especially意為:特別, 尤其是說明方式的副詞,用來修飾動詞;naturally意為:自然地extremely是說明態(tài)度和看法的副詞,它往往位于一個(gè)介詞短語或從句之前。根據(jù)語境和各詞的含義和用法,答案應(yīng)該選D。句意:“在外國總是感到困難,尤其當(dāng)你不懂該國語言的時(shí)候”。36. C 該題考查enough一詞的用法。由形容詞brave和副詞enough組成的形容詞短語作中心詞 students的定語,形容詞短語一般作后置定語;enough修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)要放在形容詞、副詞后邊。本題可以轉(zhuǎn)換為:Students who are brave enough to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. 句中的不定式to take this adventure course 是brave enough的結(jié)果狀語。所以正確答案為C。句意:那些勇敢的參加這次歷險(xiǎn)活動的同學(xué)們肯定將會學(xué)到很多技能。37. A 該題考查enough一詞的用法,enough修飾名詞時(shí)可以放在名詞前也可以放在名詞后;修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)要放在形容詞、副詞后邊?!白銐蜷L的假期”應(yīng)說:a long enough holiday/ a holiday long enough但不能說a long holiday enough。句意:如果我有足夠長的假期,我將去歐洲旅行,在所有有趣的地方逗留。38. C該題考查副詞的用法。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為副詞的比較級或最高級,題干的兩個(gè)分句中,已給出some short stories和 his plays這一特定的語境,表示二者之間的比較需用副詞的比較級。well known是慣用詞組,意為“出名的”、“眾所周知的”,well的比較級為better,所以正確答案為C。題意:華特教授寫了一些短篇故事,但使他更出名的是他的劇本。39. D該題考查一組形容詞和過去分詞的含義與用法。A項(xiàng)中的inspired 是過去分詞,意為“受到鼓舞的,受到激勵的”。B項(xiàng)中satisfied是過去分詞,意為“感到滿意的”,calm是形容詞,意為“平靜的,心平氣和的”。certain意為“相信,確信”與題干中sure吻合。根據(jù)語境和詞義的辨別,D為正確答案。題意:確信更有把握再做,比(做錯(cuò)了)后悔、難過好些。40. D該題考查副詞辨析?!耙粓龃笥辍焙汀跋麓笥辍钡挠⑽谋磉_(dá)是:a heavy rain 和rain heavily。 題意為:天下大雨,我們決定不去爬山了?!按箫L(fēng)”和“刮大風(fēng)”的英文表達(dá)是:strong wind 和 (wind) blow strongly/heavily。strongly不能說明下雨情況。badly壞)hardly(幾乎不)更不合題意。41. D該題考查不定冠詞加形容詞比較級來表達(dá)最高級的用法。在否定句中不定冠詞加形容詞比較級來表達(dá)最高級I have never heard a better voice. 相當(dāng)于I have never heard a voice better than hers. 或She has the best voice Ive heard. A項(xiàng)用了定冠詞,不符合用比較級來表達(dá)最高級的含義的結(jié)構(gòu);B項(xiàng)用的是形容詞原級,是錯(cuò)誤的;C項(xiàng)用的是形容詞最高級,這里沒有比較的范圍,也是錯(cuò)誤的。所以答案應(yīng)為D。句意:他唱的多美啊!我從未聽過比他更好的嗓音了。42. B該題考查形容詞作定語時(shí)的語序。一般語序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~(指時(shí)代詞,物主代詞,冠詞)+數(shù)詞(一般序數(shù)詞要放在基數(shù)詞前)+描繪性形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體性形容詞新舊+顏色+國籍+材料+被修飾名詞。故要用last few sunny days。句意:“你們最近去青島的旅行怎么樣?”“很好。我們拜訪了朋友,在海邊度過最后幾天陽光明媚的日子?!?3. B 該題考查形容詞such和副詞so的辨析。such是形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)用于:such + a/an +(adj.) + n(單數(shù)),such + a/an +(adj.)+ n(復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞);so是副詞當(dāng)名詞被much,many ,little,few所修飾使用so而不用such。句意:你能相信在如此富足的國家里有如此多的窮人嗎?44. A該題考查副詞詞組的辨析。A項(xiàng)中的now and then意為“有時(shí),偶爾”。B項(xiàng)中的by and by意為“不久以后,不久”,相當(dāng)于soon。C項(xiàng)中的step by step意為“逐步地”,相當(dāng)于gradually。D項(xiàng)中的more or less意為“或多或少”相當(dāng)于about一般修飾動詞、形容詞和數(shù)量詞表示程度。在理解各個(gè)詞組的含義之后,通過分析even when theres not much to say(即使在沒有多少話可說的時(shí)候),我們可以推知前一句話的意思是“我們經(jīng)常寫東西”。句意:我們偶爾也寫點(diǎn)東西,即便有時(shí)沒有太多要說的話。45. D該題考查形容詞比較級的構(gòu)成和虛擬語氣的用法。根據(jù)句意,比較的對象有兩個(gè),即現(xiàn)在的情況與假設(shè)的情況,無疑要用比較級。形容詞happy的比較級是happier。 have a+ 形容詞+time屬于習(xí)慣用語,happier表示程度,意思是“要快活得多”。句意:如果沒有考試,我們在學(xué)校會過的更愉快。第二節(jié) 考點(diǎn)歸納形容詞、副詞是非常重要的詞,也是高考常考內(nèi)容。xx年全國考試說明附錄 語法項(xiàng)目表中對形容詞、副詞考查列了:形容詞1)形容詞作定語、表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法2)比較等級:原級、比較級、最高級 ;副詞:1)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度、疑問、連接、關(guān)系等副詞的用法2)原級、比較級、最高級??v觀歷年高考試題,對形容詞、副詞的考點(diǎn)主要集中在:形容詞副詞的等級;功能中的位置(語序);語義辨析理解等方面。一、形容詞、副詞的等級(一)形容詞/副詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成1規(guī)則形容詞級的構(gòu)成大多數(shù)形容詞、副詞有三種形式: 原級、比較級和最高級。原級用形容詞/副詞的原形。它們的比較級和最高級規(guī)則變化如下表:單音節(jié)詞er和est型構(gòu)成規(guī)則原級比較級最高級一般在詞未加-er和-esttallgreathardtallergreaterhardertallestgreatesthardest以e結(jié)尾的只加-r和-stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,先變y為i,再加-er,-estdrydrierdriest閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,須先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-er,-estbigthinhotbiggerthinnerhotterbiggestthinnesthottest雙音節(jié)詞er和est型少數(shù)以-y, -er, -ow, -ble, -ple結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)單詞,方法同單音節(jié)詞happysimpleclevernarrow hollowhappiersimplercleverernarrowerhappiestsimplestcleverestnarrowestmore和most型其他的在前面加more,most分別構(gòu)成比較級和最高級carefulusefullquicklymore carefulmore usefullmore quicklymost carefulmost usefullmost quickly多音節(jié)詞more和most型在其前面加more和mostdifficultbeautifulmore difficultmore beautifulmost difficultmost beautiful2不規(guī)則形容詞的級的構(gòu)成 原級比較級最高級goodbetterbestwellbadworseworstillmanymoremostmuchlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderoldesteldereldest3形容詞、副詞遞減的比較等級的構(gòu)成在形容詞、副詞前加less和least,表示“較不”和“最不”interesting有趣的 less interesting較無趣的 least interesting最無趣的important重要的 less important較不重要的 least important最不重要的有些形容詞可以加er及est或前面加上more / most來形成比較級和最高級polite politer 或more polite politest 或most polite ,這類詞還有quiet,handsome,pleasant,mon,exact.注意:下列雙音節(jié)詞比較級和最高級加er;est(1).無規(guī)律,死記住的詞cruel,pleasant quiet civil exact stupid mom,dismal(陰沉的,憂郁的), devine(夢幻的) antique(古老的) grotesque(怪誕的)(2)-le以le為結(jié)尾的詞idle,feeble, senile(衰老的), agile(靈巧的), nimble(靈活的,敏捷的). Humble(謙虛的,簡陋的). Suble(陰暗的,貂皮的), able. Supple(柔順的,靈活的).gentle.noble.(3)y以y為結(jié)尾的詞lucky happy misty stormy, kingly, naughty, angry timely lively,healthy, heavy,busy,beastly.heavy,busy(4)重音在第二音節(jié)上chinese remote afraid alone alike apart polite severe intense obscureprofound(5)-er以ER為結(jié)尾的詞tender sober clever bitter(6)-owyellow narrow shallow(淺的,表面的) hollow,4沒有比較級和最高級的形容詞、副詞 有些形容詞由于其本身涵義一般不用來比較。如: 表示“完全、特別”意義的形容詞 final, hopeless, fatherless, motherless, universal, plete, entire, excellent, perfect, thorough, total, whole, full, empty, relative, homeless, harmless, impossible等。 表示“極限、主次”意義的形容詞 chief, extreme, main, major, basic, primary, first, most, wonderful, 表示“幾何形狀”的形容詞 angular, circle, level, oval, round, square, horizontal, triangle, straight, hollow等。 表示“處所、方位、時(shí)間”的形容詞 ahead, daily, weekly, here, now, present, then, backward, outside, future, once等 表示“狀態(tài)和強(qiáng)調(diào)”的形容詞 asleep, ashamed, awake, aware, blind, deaf, dead, naked,favorite, hardly, own, simple, very 表示“國籍、性質(zhì)、材料”的形容詞 American, atomic, economic, earthen, scientific, woolen, silken, metallic, true, false, illegal, sufficient, mortal 表示“獨(dú)一無二”的形容詞 mere, only, single, sole, matchless junior等詞 junior, senior, inferior, prior沒有比較級和最高級,要同to連用,不能和than連用。“most+形容詞”可表達(dá)一種程度上非常高的特性和品質(zhì),表示“非?!被颉霸诤艽蟪潭壬稀?,但卻 不表示比較,這時(shí)most前一般無the。 What he said is most interesting.他說的話有趣極了。Dont you know it is a most important question?難道你不知道這是個(gè)很重要的問題嗎?(二)形容詞比較級和最高級的用法 1二者之間的比較 (1)遞增 用于事物二者之間的比較,表示程度上“更高”;常用從屬連詞than連接。其結(jié)構(gòu)為含有形容詞比較級的主句+than引導(dǎo)的從句(其中意義上和主句相同的部分常省去)。 Tom is taller than his deskmate.湯姆比他同桌高。The black car is more expensive than the red one .這輛黑車比那輛紅車更貴。 (2)遞減用于事物二者之間的比較,表示程度上“更低”;常用從屬連詞than連接。She is less beautiful than Mary.她不如瑪麗漂亮。 (3)同級比較表示程度相等(同)或不相等(同)時(shí),“相等(同)”asas,“不相等(同)”用not so(as)。 asas之間通常用表示數(shù)量、程度、性質(zhì)的詞,如many, much, little, few, good, tall, far等。You look as tall as your father.你看上去跟你爸爸一般高。Now Jack isnt driving so fast as he used to.如今杰克開車不如以前那么快了。2二者以上的事物比較用于二者以上的事物比較,形容詞、副詞的最高級表示程度上“最高”。形容詞最高級前一般需加定冠詞the;副詞最高級前用或不用定冠詞the都可。This is the best film I have ever seen.這是我看過的最好的電影。He jumps (the) highest among the boys.他是那些男孩中跳得最高的。3修飾比較等級常用的副詞形容詞和副詞的比較等級??捎孟铝幸恍┰~來修飾,表示比較的程度:much, far,by far, even, still, a little, no , a lot, rather, any(用于否定句或疑問句)a great deal等。例如: Im sure youll make still greater progress.我肯定你能取得更大的進(jìn)步。Therere now a lot more trees on the hills around the village.現(xiàn)在村莊四周的山上樹木多多了。4比較級+and+比較級常用“比較級+and+比較級”來表達(dá)“越來越。 His voice got weaker and weaker.他的聲音越來越弱。Take some medicine and youll get better and better.吃些藥吧,你會越來越好。5 “the+比較級, the+比較級”來表達(dá)“越,(就)越”The harder you study, the greater progress youll make.你越努力,進(jìn)步就越大。6“the +比較級+of the two”來表示“兩個(gè)中最”表示兩者中較突出者,且比較級后又有名詞, 這時(shí)的比較級前一定要加定冠詞the。 如:Joan is the taller of the two girls.瓊是這兩個(gè)女孩中較高的一個(gè)。7“more A than B”表示“與其說是B,不如說是A” He is more diligent than clever.與其說他聰明,不如說他勤奮。8表示倍數(shù)(1)倍數(shù)+形容詞 (或副詞)的比較級+thanThis rope is twice longer than that one.這根繩的長度是那根繩的三倍。(比那根繩長二倍)(2)倍數(shù)+as+形容詞(或much)或副詞原級+asThis big stone is three times as heavy as that one.這塊大石頭的重量是那一塊的三倍。(這塊石頭比那塊重二倍)(3)倍數(shù)+the size(length, width, height)ofThis street is four times the length of that one.這條街是那條街的四倍長。注意:如果形容詞是修飾名詞的,要把名詞放在形容詞后面。即:倍數(shù)+more+名詞 (可數(shù),不可數(shù))+than倍數(shù)+as many(或much)+名詞+其他+as9“no+比較級+than”表示該形容詞的反義詞。 He is no richer than a beggar.他窮得像乞丐。10使用比較級要注意的幾點(diǎn):(1)比較的對象必須是屬于同一性質(zhì)(范疇)內(nèi)的人或物。如:誤The weather of Shanghai is finer than Beijing. 這句表達(dá)的是上海的天氣與北京相比,比較對象不一致。應(yīng)改為:The weather of Shanghai is finer than that of Beijing.(2)要避免比較級中自身與自身比較。如:誤Joan studies harder than any student in her class.Joan屬于any student中的一位,沒有排除自身比較。應(yīng)改為:Joan studies harder than any other student in her class.Joan studies harder than any of the other students in her class.Joan studies harder than anyone else in her class.上述三個(gè)正確的句子可分別用下列結(jié)構(gòu)表