定語從句講解公開課.ppt

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Welcome,,Learning Aims: 1. To summarize and review the the Attributive Clause. 2. To master The Attributive Clause.,The Attributive Clause 定語從句,一、定語 定語是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。 修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。,his desk Tom’s father a beautiful city three teachers women teachers in the room above a developing country a developed country There is nothing to do today. an article about how to learn English a city which is beautiful,,物主代詞,形容詞,名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞,不定式,介詞短語,從句,名詞所有格,數(shù)詞,副詞,二 定語從句,1. 含義 修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。 定語從句一般緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,,修飾girl,This is the classroom where we study.,,修飾classroom,2. 如何改寫成定語從句？,寫法： ①找出兩個(gè)簡單句的共有成分； ②將從句中的共有成分去掉； ③用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊接在被修飾詞之后．,I love the girl. The girl has long hair.,I love the girl who has long hair.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語從句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,,,,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,3. 相關(guān)術(shù)語,,,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,which, who, whom, whose, that, as,Where, when, why,,,,5. 關(guān)系代詞,Look at the kites which are flying in the sky. The pen which I’m using is pretty good. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. Who’s the boy that is reading a book? Can you show me the photo that you like best? I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. The house whose windows are closed is mine.,which：指物，作主語或賓語,who：指人，作主語；whom：指人，做賓語,whose：指人或物，做定語,that：指人或物，作主語或賓語,,做題技巧： 1. 確定定語從句 2.看先行詞是指人還是指物 3. 確定先行詞在定語從句中做的成分 4. 確定關(guān)系代詞,The boys ______are playing football are from Class One. Football is a game ___________is liked by most boys.,who,which/ that,1. Those _______ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 2. Yesterday I helped an old man ______ had lost his way. 3. Mr. Liu is the person ______ you talked about on the bus. 4. Li Ming is just the boy ______ I want to see. 5. The factory _____ makes computers is far away from here. 6. He likes to read books ______ are written by Shakespeare. 7. This is the pen _______ he bought yesterday.,who,who,whom,whom,Which/ that,Which/that,Which/ that,8. The number of people ______ come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 9. Where is the man ______ I saw this morning? 10. The season _____ comes after spring is summer. 11. I visited a scientist ______ name is known all over the country. 12. Do you like the book ______ cover is yellow? 13. The classroom ______ door is broken will soon be repaired.,who,whom,Which/ that,whose,whose,whose,Could you still remember the time when the train left ? This is the factory where my father works? Do you know the reason why he was late for school?,when the train left,the time,the factory,where my father,works?,the reason,why he was,late for school?,when,where,why,（指時(shí)間，作狀語）,（指地點(diǎn)，作狀語）,（指原因，作狀語）,6. 關(guān)系副詞,1. The reason ___________ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I don’t know the reason _______ he quarreled with you. 3. I’ll never forget the day ___________ we spent together. 4. I’ll remember the day _________ we stayed together. 5. This is the hotel ____________ we visited last year. 6. This is the hotel _________ Lincoln once lived.,總結(jié)： 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇關(guān)鍵看關(guān)系詞 在定語從句中做的成分而定。,why,,that/which,that/which,when,that/which,where,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別,1. The reason ___________ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I don’t know the reason _______ he quarreled with you. 3. I’ll never forget the day ___________ we spent together. 4. I’ll remember the day _________ we stayed together. 5. This is the hotel ____________ we visited last year. 6. This is the hotel _________ Lincoln once lived.,總結(jié)關(guān)系詞的用法：,,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做_________________時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞(which, who, whom, that, whose)引導(dǎo)定語從句。 關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做_________時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)引導(dǎo)定語從句。,主語、賓語、或定語,狀語,注意事項(xiàng),當(dāng)先行詞是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、方面、處境時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞where。,He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy. They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.,當(dāng)先行詞是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、方面、處境時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞where。,? that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,I’ve read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。,(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修飾時(shí)。,(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時(shí)。,(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。,7. that 和 which 的區(qū)別：,,(5)先行詞同時(shí)指人和指物時(shí)，用that。. (6)先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished (7)當(dāng)先行詞是which時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that. Which is the book that you bought last week? (8)當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that. She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago. (9)主句以There be 引導(dǎo)時(shí) There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing.,下列情況不能使用that,而用which ① that 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. ② that不能置于介詞之后（介詞后指物用which,指人用whom） The person ________I am speaking just now is our English teacher. The prize ________he worked so hard was a new bicycle.,to whom,for which,4. 分類,限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 分割性定語從句,定語從句,,,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March.,She is doing experiments in the lab which are important to her research.,1) 限定性定語從句: 緊跟先行詞無逗號和主句隔開,2) 非限定性定語從句: 有逗號與先行詞隔開,3) 分隔定語從句: 定語從句和先行詞間有其他成分隔開,1. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 2. He who laughs last laughs best. 誰笑到最后，誰笑的最好。 3. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到長城非好漢。,