小升初英語 知識梳理總復(fù)習(xí) 英音、美音連讀、重讀規(guī)則 閩教版.doc

英音/美音連讀連讀總規(guī)則1. 輔音+元音2. 輔音+半元音3. 元音+元音4. 意群5. 輔音+輔音6. 以r/re結(jié)尾的單詞+元音7. 輔音+以h開頭的單詞連讀詳細(xì)規(guī)則連讀的條件：相鄰的兩詞在意義上必須密切相關(guān)，同屬一個意群。連讀所構(gòu)成的音節(jié)一般都不重讀，只需順其自然地一帶而過，不可讀得太重，也不可音。(連讀符號：) (1)“輔音+元音”型連讀 在同一個意群里，如果相鄰兩詞中的前一個詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個詞是以元音開頭，這就要將輔音與元音拼起來連讀。ImanEnglish boy.Itisanold book. Let me havea lookatit. Ms Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday. I calledyou halfanhourago. Putiton, please. Notatall. Please pickitup. 第一招Consonant and Vowel 輔音與元音When one word ends with a consonant and the next word begins with a vowel sound, take the final consonant off the first word and attach it to the following vowel sound 如果一個單詞以一個輔音結(jié)尾，緊跟的下一個單詞的詞首是元音的話，把第一個單詞詞尾的輔音從第一個單詞脫離，使它與緊跟著的元音連在一起。(2)“r/re+元音”型連讀如果前一個詞是以-r或者-re結(jié)尾，后一個詞是以元音開頭，這時的r或re不但要發(fā)/r/，而且還要與后面的元音拼起來連讀。Theyre my fatherand mother. I looked forit hereand there. Thereis a football underit. Thereare some books on the desk. Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs. But whereis my cup? Whereare your brotherand sister?但是，如果一個音節(jié)的前后都有字母r，即使后面的詞以元音開頭，也不能連讀。 The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer與and不可連讀） (3)“輔音+半元音”型連讀 英語語音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一個詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個詞是以半元音，特別是/j/開頭，此時也要連讀。Thankyou. Nice to meetyou. Didyou get there lateagain? Wouldyou likea cupof tea？ Couldyou help me, please? “音的同化” 常把/d/+/j/讀成/dV/，did you聽上成了/dIdVu/，would you成了/wudVu/，could you成了/kudVu/。 (4)“元音+元音”型連讀如果前一個詞以元音結(jié)尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，這兩個音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。 Iam Chinese. Heis very friendly to me. She wants to studyEnglish. Howand why did you come here? She cant carryit. Itll take you threehours to walk there. The question is tooeasy for him to answer. 第二招 Vowel and Vowel 元音與元音When a word ends in a vowel sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound, they are connected with a glide between the two vowels. 如果一個單詞以元音結(jié)束，下一個單詞以元音開始的話，兩個元音之間用一個滑音連在一起。(5)當(dāng)短語或從句之間按意群進(jìn)行停頓時，意群與意群之間即使有兩個相鄰的輔音與元音出現(xiàn)，也不可連讀。Isit ahat or a cat?（hat與or之間不可以連讀） Thereisa good book in my desk. （book與in之間不可以連讀） Can you speakEnglish or French? （English與or之間不可以連讀） Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet與 at，eight與or之間不可以連讀） She opened the door and walkedin. （door與and之間不可以連讀）第三招 Consonant and Consonant 輔音與輔音 When a word ends with one consonant, and the next word begins with the same or similar consonant, hold the final consonant as you connect it to the next word. 如果一個單詞的詞尾是輔音，下一個單詞以相同或相似的輔音開始的話，用第一個單詞的輔音詞尾來連接下一個單詞。deep pond/bus station/this zoo/top book/jot down第四招 Consonant Cluster 輔音群 When there are several consonants between the end of one word and the beginning of another, youre linking clustered consonants in two separate words. These are the most challenging of any linked words. You must pronounce three, four, or even five consonants all together. But there are a few things you can do to make this process a little easier. 如果一個單詞的詞尾與下一個單詞的詞首之間有幾個輔音的話，你就要把這些擠在一起的輔音連起來讀。在所有單詞的連接中，這是最難的，因為你必須把三個、四個，甚至是五個輔音連在一起來發(fā)音。不過，還是有幾個方法可以使事情變得容易些。 When the first word of a clustered pair ends with a t or d, you can sometimes drop the t or d. 如果第一個單詞以t或d結(jié)束，t或d就可以被省略。比如：lost trust/west side第五招 T, D, S, or Z + Y T,D,S或Z+Y When the letter or sound of T, D, S, or Z is followed by a word that starts with Y, or its sound, both sounds are connected. These letters and sounds connect not only with Y, but they do so as well with the initial unwritten y sound of syllables and words. They form a combination that changes the pronunciation. 如果字母或發(fā)音T, D, S, 或 Z后跟一個由Y或y音開始的單詞，兩個音就連在一起。這種連接不僅僅在有Y的時候，而且在單詞和音節(jié)前有一個不寫出的y時也會發(fā)生。這種連接組合會改變單詞的發(fā)音。英音重讀2)句子重音A) 英語的節(jié)奏：（輕）-輕-重-輕-（輕）或重-輕-（輕）（輕）重B) 英語句子的長短：是由句子中的重讀詞的數(shù)目決定的，而不是象漢語那樣由句子中的漢字?jǐn)?shù)目決定的。C) 實詞重讀（副詞重讀），虛詞輕讀(冠詞，單音節(jié)介詞，單音節(jié)連詞，人稱代詞，反代詞，物主代詞，關(guān)系代詞，相互代詞，助動詞，情態(tài)動詞和系動詞be.D) 實詞不重讀的特殊情況a) 實詞第二次出現(xiàn)He thinks of that as a child thinks.b) 一個名詞被第二個名詞修飾I met her in the railway station. c) 代替詞Which book do you want? The small one. d) 感嘆詞中的 what 和howWhat a good day it is! How beautiful she is! e) street 在專有名詞中Wangfujing Street.f) this在這些短語中，this morning/afternoon/eveningE)虛詞重讀的特殊情況a) 情態(tài)動詞，助動詞和系動詞be在句首，句尾和否定時。Do you like it? Yes, I do. Are you a doctor? Yes, I am. Can you help me? Yes, I can. I dont like you. He isnt a worker. b) 情態(tài)動詞表示可能，驚奇和肯定時。They may come this evening. Can it be five already? He must be in the room. c) 介詞在句首和句尾。In the box, he found a letter. He is the person I talked with. d) 引導(dǎo)復(fù)合句的連詞在句首。If you wish, Ill visit you. When he comes, Ill tell him. e)反身代詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。He couldnt come himself.英音與美音重讀的區(qū)別英音句子重音一般集中在實詞上，重音有些散亂。美音在簡化原則的指導(dǎo)下，將句子重音壓縮成一到兩個，句子說得就如同一個單詞。因此我們普遍有一種感覺：英音口齒清楚，美音含糊不清。元音20個，輔音28個一、元音部分：1）、單元音：i:、i、:、u:、u、:、:、e、 2）、雙元音：ei、ai、i、u、i、au、u 二、輔音部分： p、b、 t、d、k、g、f、v、s、z、tr、dr、ts、dz、m、n、h、l、r、j、w三、半元音英語中半元音共有二個，它們是：/j/和/w/