2019-2020年高三英語二輪 備考抓分點(diǎn)透析專題9 狀語從句.doc

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2019-2020年高三英語二輪 備考抓分點(diǎn)透析專題9 狀語從句 【xx年高考預(yù)測】 狀語從句和名詞性從句、定語從句一樣是高考的高頻考點(diǎn)。通過對近年高考題的分析，可以預(yù)測xx年對狀語從句的考查仍將集中在對引導(dǎo)幾大狀語從句的連詞的考查上。 【重難點(diǎn)突破】 【概述】狀語從句是一種作狀語用的從句，修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞、副詞或修飾全句，補(bǔ)充說明時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、方式、程度、狀態(tài)等。狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn)。 一、 九種狀語從句及常見的引導(dǎo)詞 1、時間狀語從句：when, while, as, before, after, since（自從…以來）, till (until), as soon as(剛一…馬上就…), once(一旦), whenever等。 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when （xx四川卷）6．As it reported, it is 100 years ____ Tsinghua University was founded．【D】 A．when B．before C．a(chǎn)fter D．since 2、地點(diǎn)狀語從句：where和wherever Where there is a will，there is a way. Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3、原因狀語從句： because, as, since, now that 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, （xx遼寧）29.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife. 【C】 A．a(chǎn)lthough B．unless C．because D．if 4、目的狀語從句： so that（以便）, in order that（以便）等 　特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that （xx山東卷）28．He had his camera ready ____ he saw something that would make a good picture．【C】 A．even if B．if only C．in case D．so that 5、結(jié)果狀語從句： so that, so…that, such…that 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it. To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night. He raised his voice so that he was heard by his friend. 6、條件狀語從句： if, unless 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that （xx上海）39. our manage objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. 【B】 A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After 7、方式狀語從句： as, as if/though When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss. Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us （xx湖南卷）33 Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him ____ he had done something very clever．【A】 A．a(chǎn)s if B．in case C．while D．though 8、比較狀語從句： as…as, not so/as …as, than等引導(dǎo)。在這種狀語從句中如果謂語動詞與主句一致時，或省略，或用替代詞do, does, did 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī)器。 （xx全國Ⅰ）26. I have seldom seen my mother _______ pleased with my progress as she is now .【A】 A. so B. very C. too D. rather 9、讓步狀語從句： though, although, even if, even though, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who/what/which/when/where/how, whether 特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal. 盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。 The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.　He won’t listen whatever you may say. （xx天津卷）5． regular exercise is very important．It’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime．【C】 A．It B．As C．Although D．Unless 二、狀語從句中高考高頻連詞的用法歸納 1、the moment/ minute/ second, immediately, directly，instantly，等副詞式連詞也可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“一…就…”，相當(dāng)于as soon as, 此時前面不可再加連詞，也不可加at, in, on等介詞。 2、every time, each time, by the time, soon after, shortly after等表示時間的短語也可作為連詞使用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，此時前面也常不再加連詞。 3、hardly …when…和 no sooner…than…的意義相當(dāng)于as soon as, 也可引起時間狀語從句，但只能用過去時，即從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，主句謂語動詞用過去完成時。 （xx福建）26 The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.【A】 A. before B. until C. as D. since 4、until 和not until: 當(dāng)主句中的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，常用：…until…, 表示主句的動作延續(xù)到從句表示的動作發(fā)生或完成為止。 Jim stayed up until his mother came back last night. 當(dāng)主句中的動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞時，常用： not…until…, 表示“直到…才…” Jim didn’t go to bed until his mother came back last night 5、before 還常用于下列句型： It won’t be …before…用不了（多長時間）就會… It will be…before…得過（多長時間）才… It wasn’t …before…沒過（多長時間）就… It was…before…過了（多長時間）才… It won’t be long before we meet again.　 6、so …that 與 such… that 之間的轉(zhuǎn)換： so + adj./adv. + that so + adj. + a/an + 單數(shù)名詞+ that So + many \much \few \little +n. + that such + a/an + adj. + 單數(shù)名詞+ that such + adj. + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞+ that He is speaking so loud that I hear him even from here. It was such fine weather that they went out for a picnic. 7、no matter +疑問詞，（如：no matter what, no matter when, no matter where,…）用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 疑問詞+ever (如：whatever, whenever, whoever, whichever,…)既可引導(dǎo)狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。 （xx重慶卷）30．To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off we are to shake hands with．【C】 A．whichever B．whenever C．whoever D．wherever（狀語從句） Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主語從句） 8、as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，從句部分用倒裝語序，句型為：形容詞\副詞\名詞（不帶冠詞）\動詞（原形）+ as +主語+ 其他 Late as\ though it was, he still studied on.　　 =Although\ though it was late, he still studied on. 三、狀語從句中的省略 當(dāng)when, while, until, though, although, if等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同或從句的主、謂語分別為it 和be動詞時，從句中的主語及部分謂語（be動詞或助動詞）可省略。例如： When ( the museum is ) pleted , the museum will be open to the public next year . He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible. 另外，比較狀語從句經(jīng)常省略。例如： I’m taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 就狀語從句而言,有時為了使語言言簡意賅,常常將狀語從句進(jìn)行"簡化"。狀語從句的"簡化"現(xiàn)象在口語中較為普遍,而且在高考中的復(fù)現(xiàn)率也較高。因此,有必要對其進(jìn)行全面、透徹的了解。 狀語從句的"簡化"現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中:①由if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;②由although, though, even if / though等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句;④由as, as if等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句;⑤由as, than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。下面針對這五種情形作一歸納。 (1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動詞是be時,it和be要完全簡化掉。例如: If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的話,他會幫你擺脫困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you. 除非情況對你來說不方便,否則你必須出席這次會議。 (2)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時,從句可以將主語和be動詞簡化掉。常用于以下幾種情形: a.連詞+形容詞 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike. 他小時候就學(xué)會了騎自行車。 Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping. 她有空就去逛商店。 Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret. 少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。 b.連詞+名詞 While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others. 他在孩提時代就樂于助人。 Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director. 盡管他曾是個農(nóng)民,而現(xiàn)在是位著名的導(dǎo)演了。 c.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song. 她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。 Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks. 盡管近來他一直在學(xué)數(shù)學(xué),但他仍然沒有取得好成績。 d.連詞+過去分詞 He wont go there with us unless (he is) invited. 除非受到邀請,否則他不會和我們一道去那里。 The concert was a great success than (it was) expected. 這場音樂會出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。 e.連詞+不定式 He stood up as if (he were) to say something. 當(dāng)時他站起來好像要說什么。 He wouldnt solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge. 即使他來負(fù)責(zé),他也解決不了這個問題。 f. 連詞+介詞短語 She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble. 她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻煩。 He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA .他到美國之前就懂英語了。 注意:當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語不一致時,從句部分要么用完全形式,要么用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。例如: When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.當(dāng)會議結(jié)束時,人們都走出了會議室。(=The meeting over, ) （xx江蘇卷）33．It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine． , we’d better take it to the garage immediately．【D】 A．Otherwise B．If not C．But for that D．If so 使用狀語從句時要注意的幾個問題 1、在時間和條件（有時也在方式、讓步等）從句中，主句是一般將來時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 2、有些時間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句的主語與主句主語一致（或雖不一致，是it），從句的謂語又包含動詞be ，就可省略從句中的“主語 + be”部分。 When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night. If (you are) asked you may e in. If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again. 3、注意區(qū)分不同從句：引導(dǎo)的是什么從句，不僅要根據(jù)連詞，還要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意來判別。以where為例，能引導(dǎo)多種從句。You are to find it where you left it.（地點(diǎn)狀語從句） Tell me the address where he lives.（定語從句，句中有先行詞） I don’t know where he came from.（賓語從句） Where he has gone is not known yet.（主語從句） This place is where they once hid.（表語從句） 【高考真題剖析】 （xx江西卷）29．Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _____ it is convenient to you． A．whenever B．however C．whichever D．wherever 答案【A】考查狀語從句。句中this afternoon指時間,所以 or _____ it is convenient to you．也指時間。故選擇A。 （xx遼寧卷）25．No matter how , it is not necessarily lifeless． A．a(chǎn) desert may be dry B．dry a desert may be C．may a desert be dry D．dry may a desert be 答案【D】考查狀語從句。No matter how修飾形容詞，并且從句倒裝，所以選擇D。 （xx全國新課標(biāo)卷）22．Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open． A．if B．when C．since D．a(chǎn)s 答案【D】考查狀語從句。As引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句倒裝，所以選擇D。 （xx福建卷）33．It was April 29,xx Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony． A．that B．when C．since D．before 答案【B】考查狀語從句。主句It was April 29,xx后是時間狀語從句。所以選擇B。 【真題練習(xí)】 （10福建）26 The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her A. before B. until C. as D. since 答案：A （10上海）39. our manage objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After 答案：B （10安徽）29. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ________they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if 答案：C. 33. Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it bees available A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until 答案：A. （10江西）22 — Our holiday cost a lot of money. — Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter______ you enjoyed yourselves. A as long as B unless C as soon as D though 答案：A （10全國Ⅰ）25. Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal . A. so that B. although C. while D. as if 答案：C 30.The little boy won’t go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story. A. or B. unless C. but D. whether 答案：B （10遼寧）29.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife. A．a(chǎn)lthough B．unless C．because D．if 答案：C （10遼寧）34.—It’s no use having ideas only . —Don’t worry. Peter can show you ________to turn an idea into an act. A. how B. who C. what D. where 答案：A （10北京）30. they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once 答案：D （xx天津卷）5． regular exercise is very important．It’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime．【C】 A．It B．As C．Although D．Unless （xx江西卷）29．Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _____ it is convenient to you．【A】 A．whenever B．however C．whichever D．wherever （xx四川卷）4．Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up．【B】 A．whether B．a(chǎn)lthough C．for D．so （xx北京卷）29． volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball．【D】 A．Since B．Once C．Unless D．While （xx四川卷）6．As it reported, it is 100 years _______ Tsinghua University was founded．【D】 A．when B．before C．a(chǎn)fter D．since （xx全國II）19．It was a nice meal,______ a little expensive．【A】 A．though B．whether C．a(chǎn)s D．since （xx陜西卷）19．__________________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post． 【B】 A．Since B．While C．If D．As （xx遼寧卷）25．No matter how , it is not necessarily lifeless．【D】 A．a(chǎn) desert may be dry B．dry a desert may be C．may a desert be dry D．dry may a desert be （xx遼寧卷）29．He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering．【D】 A．since B．a(chǎn)s C．when D．than （xx全國新課標(biāo)卷）22．Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open．【D】 A．if B．when C．since D．a(chǎn)s （xx浙江卷）4．One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away __ my daughter beard cries for help 【D】 A．a(chǎn)fter B．while C．since D．when （xx湖南卷）33 Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him ____ he had done something very clever．【A】 A．a(chǎn)s if B．in case C．while D．though （xx山東卷）28．He had his camera ready ______he saw something that would make a good picture．【C】 A．even if B．if only C．in case D．so that （xx重慶卷）30．To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off we are to shake hands with．【C】 A．whichever B．whenever C．whoever D．wherever （xx福建卷）33．It was April 29,xx Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony．【B】 A．that B．when C．since D．before 鞏固練習(xí) 1. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ______he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. 　　A. which　　　 B. when　　　 C. so that　　 D. as if 2. I would appreciate it ________you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment. 　　A. until B. if C. when D. that 3. As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，________. A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life 4.After the war，a new school building was put up ________there had once been a theatre. 　　A. that B. where C. which D. when 5. —Is Mr. Smith in the office? —Yes，________ he is in charge of the office，he must be there. 　　A. since B. however C. whether D. for 6. As your good friend, I will do ________help you. 　A. that I can to B. what I can to C. all that I can D. what I can 7.John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ________he phones. 　　A. as long as B. in order to C. in case D. so that 8.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ________I could answer the phone. 　　A. as B. since C. until D. before 9. —Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. —Oh, yes. ________others are weak, he is strong. 　　A. If B. When C. Where D. Though 10.It is ten years ________he smoked. 　　A. that B. when C. since D. while 11.We must hurry up ________catch up with the last train. 　　A. that B. so that to C. in order that D. in order to 12.No matter ________hard it may be，I will carry it out. 　　A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 13.________ you may do，you must do it well. 　　A. Which B. Whenever C. Whatever D. When 14. —Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday? 　—No. But if I ________the time，I would definitely go. 　　A. have B. had C. have had D. would have 15.________ you are so weak，you’d better stay at home. 　　A. Since B. For C. Because D. Though 16.English and French are taught here. You can choose ________you like. 　　A. no matter which B. whichever C. which D. whatever 17.I saw Mr. Smith last Sunday. We had not seen each other ________I left London. A. as B. before C. since D. till 18.I’ll be back before you ________. 　　A. will leave B. will have left C. leave D. would leave 19.The problem won’t be settled until we ________a chance to discuss it thoroughly. 　　A. have had B. will have C. will have had D. would have 20.If you ________this experiment，you will understand the theory better. 　　A. will be doing B. have done C. will have done D. would do 21.They went on working ________it was late at night. 　　A. even if B. as if C. however D. as though 22.I hurried ________I wouldn’t be late for class. 　　A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 23.The volleyball match will be put off if it ________. 　　A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining 24.________ you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. 　　A. At times B. Some time C. By the time D. Every time 25.Although he is considered a great writer，________. A. however his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read 26.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ________. 　　A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrives D. is arriving 27.We should finish the important job，________. 　　A. long it takes however B. it takes however long 　　C. long however it takes D. however long it takes 28.________he made an important speech at the meeting was true. 　　A. That B. Why C. What D. How 29.________es to the party will receive a gift. 　　A. Which B. Who C. Which one D. Whoever 30.She is willing to help you, ________busy she is. 　　A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 31.I don’t care whether he stays ________goes. 　　A. nor B. then C. or D. otherwise 32.No matter ________hard it may be，I’ll carry it out. 　　A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 33.Why do you want to find a new job ________you’ve got such a good one already? 　　A. that B. where C. which D. when 34.________he is, he will be thinking of you. 　　A. Wherever B. Where C. Now that D. As soon as 35.You should make it a rule to leave things ________you can find them again. 　　A. when B. where C. then D. there 36.He got excited at the news，________ I was calm. 　　A. when B. while C. because D. after 37.—Shall Brown e and play puter games? 　　—No，________ he has finished his homework. 　　A. when B. if C. unless D. once 38.________ you try，you will never succeed. 　　A. If B. Until C. Since D. Unless 39.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong ________she rang me up. 　　A. when B. than C. that D. and 40.________ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out. A. Immediately B. The moment C. The while D. All the above 41.________，he never seems able to do the work beautifully. A. Try as he does B. as he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try 42.—The air is full of smoke and people are coughing. —It will get worse ________the government does something about the pollution. 　　A. but B. unless C. except D. if 43.If ________，I would have gone with him. A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me 44.—Alice is moving to her new apartment next Saturday. —I’ll be glad to help her，________ need some help. 　　A. should she B. if she will C. if she D. if she might 45.I came ________I heard the news. 　　A. until B. as soon as C. immediately D.B and C 46.What we have seen________. 　　A. from what we heard B. all what we heard 　　C. to what we have heard D. from what we have heard 47.We will never give in ________they might do or say about our plan. 　　A. no matter how B. how C. whatever D. although 48.If you go to Xi’an，you will find the places there more magnificent than monly ________. 　　A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose 49.________ he es，we would not be able to go. 　　A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even 50.It’s no wonder you’ve got a headache ________you drank so much last night. 　　A. though B. in case C. when D. while 51.Iwonder if I________ time. If I ________time，I’ll go with you. A. have; have B. will have; will have C. have; will have D. will have; have 52.By the time you _______back，the supper ________ready. A. will get; will be B. get; was C. get; will be D. will get; is 53.Telephone me as soon as you ________the results. 　　A. will get B. get C. had got D. got 54.________ I live，I will never give in to the enemy. A. As far as B. As long as C. As well as D. As soon as 55.I really wonder________ he has posted me many packages ________he worked together. A. how; after B. why; when C. when; before D. why; since 56.Please pronounce the word ________I did. 　　A. by the way B. the way C. the moment D. like 57.I was about to leave my house ________the phone rang. 　　A. while B. when C. as D. after 58.I had cut the meat into pieces ________Mother started cooking. 　　A. when B. as soon as C. after D. while 59.You should visit the part of the country when ________. A. spring w