英語畢業(yè)復(fù)習(xí)二(句型語法部分)

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1、六年級畢業(yè)專項復(fù)習(xí)之二（句型、語法部分） 第一部分：復(fù)習(xí)要點： （一）了解這些語法知識嗎。盡可能能運用在實際中運用這些語法知識。 (1) 句子的構(gòu)成可包括含to be, there be, to do的肯定式、否定式、一般疑問式。 觀察下面的句子，找出一些規(guī)律： I. That is an English story book. That isn’t an English story book. Is that an English book? II. There are some teachers in the office.

2、 There aren’t any teachers in the office. Are there any teachers in the office. III. He lives near the school. He doesn’t live near the school. Does he live near the school? (2) 在我們小學(xué)階段寫過不同時態(tài)的句子。觀察下面的句子，找出一些規(guī)律： I. He is a teacher. He will be/is going to be a t

3、eacher next term. He was a teacher ten years ago. II. There is a lamp on the table now. There will/is going to be a lamp on the table. There was a lamp on the table an hour ago. III. He often plays the piano in the evening. He is going to play the piano tomorrow.

4、 He is playing the piano. He played the piano yesterday, 表示不同的時態(tài)的句子常有一些表示時間的提示，看下表： 一般現(xiàn)在時 現(xiàn)在進行時 一般將來時 一般過去時 always, usually, often, sometimes, every day/morning/ afternoon/evening, on Sunday/Monday /… now Look! Listen! tomorrow, tomorrow morning/ afternoon/… the day af

5、ter tomorrow next Sunday/ week/month/… yesterday, yesterday morning/ afternoon/… the day before yesterday, last night two hours/a year/… ago (3) 不同時態(tài)的句子還有疑問句式和否定句式。觀察下面的特殊疑問式的句子，你能總結(jié)一些特殊疑問句的構(gòu)成的規(guī)律嗎？ 肯定式 否定式 一般疑問式 She a student. She is not a student. Is she a student? They

6、 are working here. They aren’t working here. Are they working here? They will/are going to play Football. They won’t/aren’t going to play football. Will they/Are they going to play football? He often reads in the Evening. He doesn’t read in the evening. Does he read in the evening? He

7、was here yesterday. He wasn’t here yesterday. Was he here yesterday? He helped us yesterday. He didn’t help us yesterday. Did he help us yesterday? (4) 句子還有特殊疑問句的句的句型。觀察下面的特殊疑問式的句子，你能總結(jié)一些特殊疑問句的構(gòu)成的規(guī)律嗎？ I. Who lives there. Who is singing in the room? Who was at home yesterday? Whose

8、 father is a teacher. II. What does he do? What is he doing? What did they do? When does he usually get up? When did she have dinner yesterday? Where is he now? Where are they planting trees? Where did they play football? How is your mother? How is he coming? How did they get there? Why

9、 does he go there? Why did she go there? III. Whose book is this? Whose parents are coming here? Which book is yours? Which presents did he give you? (5) 小學(xué)階段還接觸和學(xué)習(xí)過如下的句型, 要求能理解這些有關(guān)的句子。 I. 含情態(tài)動詞的句子： We can swim in the sea. I can’t ride a bike. Can you see that man ove

10、r there? I must find it before six. You mustn’t lend this book to others. Must I come here before nine? You may sit here. May I come in? We should take exercise very often. We shouldn’t eat too much chocolate. Should we help her? He will visit th

11、e USA. They won’t go there tomorrow. Will he come to see us? We shall meet at the gate of the zoo. Shall we meet here? We would like to work with you. Would you play games with us? II. 選擇疑問句型： Is your mother a doctor or a nurse? Are they in the classr

12、oom or on the playground? Do you like the long jump or the high jump? III. 狀語從句： I want to be a teacher when I grow up. If you eat me, you will not be happy. IV. 賓語從句： I think he is good at playing football. I hope I can play football. I wish I could be a fairy. V. 復(fù)合句： I like h

13、amburgers and my brother likes sandwiches, I can’t swim and my sister can’t swim either. He is tall but he is not strong. VI. 過去進行時的句子： The farmer was working on the fields then. The children were reading at that time. (6) 在小學(xué)階段，同學(xué)們所學(xué)的名詞的知識可有： I. 可數(shù)名和不可數(shù)名詞： (A) 我們學(xué)過的多數(shù)名次是可

14、數(shù)名詞有(countable noun)： bun, cabbage, tomato, potato, mushroom, vegetable, carrot, hamburger, sandwich, book, ruler, desk, bus, … (B) 不可數(shù)名詞有 (uncountable nouns)： milk, water, juice, tea, bread, rice, soup, chicken (雞肉), fish (魚肉), beef, beefsteak, porridge, pasta, toast等 (C) 有些名詞可用作可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，

15、但意思不一樣，如 pepper 辣椒(c), 胡椒(n)；chicken 雞(c), 雞肉(u)；fish 魚(c), 魚肉(u) (D) 可數(shù)名次的但輸變復(fù)數(shù)有如下規(guī)律： a. 一般情況在原名詞后加-s，如： pen—pens, student—students, card—cards b: 以s, x, she, ch結(jié)尾的名詞在原名詞后加-es, 如： bus—buses, box—boxes, bench—benches, fish(魚類)—fishes c. 部分o結(jié)尾的名詞，如： hero—heroes, tomat

16、o—tomatoes, potato—potatoes (但radio—radios, photo—photos) d. 以輔音字母加-y的名詞，改y為i在加-es, 如： city—cities, factory—factories, baby—babies, family—families e. 部分名次的單復(fù)數(shù)變化是不規(guī)則的，如： sheep—sheep, fish—fish, child—children, man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, goose—geese, mouse—mice (E

17、) 不可數(shù)名詞與動詞的搭配用法與名詞單數(shù)一樣：例如： There is some water in the bottle. Is there any coffee in the cup? There isn’t any milk in the glass. (F) much, a lot of, plenty of 可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，如： much rice, a lot of milk, plenty of water (G) many, a lot of, plenty of 可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，如： many h

18、ills, a lot of houses II. 注意專有名詞的寫法： (A) 人名：Mr Smith, Miss Webb, Tom White (B) 地名：Canada, China, Britain, London, New York, Beijing (C) 單位名：No. 1 Hospital, the International School of Guangzhou (D) 節(jié)日名：Spring Festival, Christmas, New Year’s Day (F) 月份名：January, Febr

19、uary, March, April (G) 星期名：Sunday, Monday, Tuesday (H) 語言名稱：French, Chinese, English, Japanese III. 名詞所有格： (A) 一般情況在原名次后加-‘s，如： the boy’s name, the headmaster’s office, (7) 關(guān)于冠詞a, an, the的使用方法： I. 表示一個（支、條、只）或某一種類的名次前用a, 如： a dictionary, a uniform, a book

20、 但在表示一個（支、條、只）或某一種類的原音發(fā)音名詞前用an, 如： an egg, an apple, an ice cream, an orange, an hour, an honest boy II. 表示特指的一個（支、條、只）或某一種類的名次前用the, 如： the forest near the hill, the teacher of our class III. 在句子中再次提及該物品時，物品前加the, 如： I saw a book. The book was from the library. IV. 在最高級的形容詞前用the

21、: the biggest room on this floor, the hottest day in this week (8) 你掌握some, any及some-, any-, no-, every-的用法了嗎？ (1) 多用在肯定句或表示請求的句子： We have some picture on the wall There is something on the plate. Someone will come and help us. Would you like something to

22、 drink? (2) any- 多用于疑問句或否定句： There isn’t any water in the lake. Is there anything in the bottle? We don’t want to see anyone of them? (3) no- 是事實的否定： There is no milk in the glass now. There is nothing in the room. Nobody can do that. (4)

23、代詞some-, any-, no-, every- 語法上看成是第三人稱單數(shù)： There is something in the bottle. Everyone likes it. (9) 關(guān)于形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級 I. 形容詞一般放在被修飾的名次之前，如： a naughty boy, an honest girl, a beautiful lady, a big box II. 副詞放在被修飾的動詞之后： He works hard. She studied well. III. 表示頻度的副詞放在be的后面和行為動詞的前面，如：

24、 He is always late for school. They often comes here after school. 有時放在句前或句后，如： Sometimes he works hard. He comes here very often. IV. 你知道形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成的一些規(guī)律嗎？ A. 一般情況下加-er, -est: long – longer, longest; small – smaller, smallest B. 重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫最后一個字母再加-er, -est:

25、 big – bigger, biggest; hot – hotter, hottest C. 輔音字母加y，改作后一個字母y為i再加-er, -est: funny – funnier, funniest, lucky – luckier, luckiest D. 部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞，加more, most: slowly – more slowly, most slowly; more delicious, most delicious E. 不規(guī)則變化: good – better, best; bad – worse, wo

26、rst V. 你知道形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級句子的構(gòu)成嗎？ A. This book is newer than that one. The English book is the newest of the three. Mike runs faster than John. Mike runs fastest in his class. B. This flower is more beautiful than that one. This tree is the oldest in the p

27、ark. The girl is swimming better than the girl. Jim swims best in his group. C. Snakes are more dangerous than frogs. The meeting is the most important. The old man walks more slowly the young man. Kate jumps highest in her class. D. Tim has more b

28、ooks than Jim. Tim has the most stamps in his class. (10) 你能正確識別下面的代詞？ 讀例句并總結(jié)他們的用法。 I You he she it we you they Me You him her it us you them My your his her its our your their They often help me. (在動詞后作賓語) We often do our homework from eight to nine. （做主語

29、） The doctor checked their teeth. （修飾名詞） This book isn’t mine. It’s hers. （索命前面的物品所屬） (11) 關(guān)于基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞 I. 基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目和號碼, 如： : The population of this city is one million and three hundred thousand. His phone number is 89276310. The live at 12, Bill Street. II. 序數(shù)詞表示順序，

30、如： Take the second right. They live on the third floor. III. 注意下面基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞的不規(guī)則變化： one—first, two—second, three—third, five—fifth, eight—eighth, nine—ninth, twelve—twelfth IV. 注意下面十位數(shù)基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞的不規(guī)則變化： Twenty—twentieth, thirty—thirtieth, fifty—fiftieth （二

31、）學(xué)習(xí)語法和句型要注意的問題： (1) 應(yīng)學(xué)會在大量已學(xué)的句子中學(xué)會觀察、歸納和分析，找出語言的規(guī)律； (2) 學(xué)習(xí)語法和句型不是目的，而學(xué)習(xí)句型和語法目的是更好運用語言，但學(xué)習(xí)句型和語法可以準確地更好地理解和表達。 (3) 要鞏固句型與語法的知識，必須更多地運用，在語言的實踐中加深對語法知 識的理解。 (4) 不需要背誦語法條條，更重要的是理解。 第二部分：練習(xí) 1. Rewrite the following sentences after the model. 按要求改寫下面的句子。 Model: The young men are playing footbal

32、l. (basketball) Do the young men playing basketball? No, they aren’t. They are playing football. (1) There is a big garden behind the house. (in front of) __________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (2)

33、 The teachers are in the classrooms. (teachers’ room) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (3) Mike lives on the first floor of that building. (second floor) _______________________________________

34、__________________ _________________________________________________________ (4) All the students look happy. (worried) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (5) The children are planting kapok t

35、rees on the hill. (pine trees) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (6) The pupils can swim in the swimming pool. (lake) _________________________________________________________ ___________

36、______________________________________________ (7) Jim was born in New York. (Washington DC) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (8) Ben saw a film last night. (listened to a concert) _________

37、________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2. Make up sentences with the given words. 連詞成句。 (1) plays, often, who, tennis, you, with ? ______________________________________________________ (2) born, you, were, wher

38、e ? ______________________________________________________ (3) when, play, piano, she, does, the ? ______________________________________________________ (4) clean, kitchen, who, will ? ______________________________________________________ (5) people, many, there, how, are, family, in,

39、your ? ______________________________________________________ (6) job, your, what, is, father’s ? ______________________________________________________ (7) do, what, going, are, to, you, Saturday, this ? ______________________________________________________ (8) which, pets, rabbits, ca

40、ts, like, better, you, or, do ? ______________________________________________________ (9) stamps, whose, these, are ? ______________________________________________________ (10) what, like, weather, yesterday, was, the, here ? ______________________________________________________ (11)

41、you, which, do, prefer, the, the, toy, toy, toy, car, train ? ______________________________________________________ (12) the, much, jeans, are, how ? ______________________________________________________ 3. Fill in the blanks with a, an or the where necessary. 在必要的地方選擇a, an 或 the 填空。 (1

42、) There is _________ apple and __________ pear on the table. (2) My grandfather watch __________ TV __________ every evening. (3) My uncle lives on _________ second floor of that tall building. (4) John goes to __________ at about ten at __________ night. (5) _________ first girl from the right

43、is my best friend Judy. (6) My father gets home at about five thirty __________ every afternoon. (7) We can see __________ office next to the canteen. (8) What’s __________ weather like there today? (9) I saw ___________ animal in __________ oak tree in __________ garden. (10) _________ sun is

44、red, ___________ sky is blue. It will be __________ sunny day. (11) I think my cousin is ___________ honest boy. (12) He stayed there for ___________ hour __________ this morning. (13) Chongqin is ___________ biggest city in China. (14) Billy played chess with me ____________ yesterday afterno

45、on. (15) Go ahead and take ___________ first right. 4. Look at the picture. Fill in the blanks with in, on, beside, behind, in front of, under, from or of. 看圖用 in, on, beside, behind, in front of, under, from, of填空。 圖: 一幅客廳上，墻壁掛著一張家庭照片，沙發(fā)邊有一張小桌子，桌前有一張小凳子，桌子下有一只小貓，桌子旁有一個冰箱，冰箱上有一些花。在窗的旁邊有一個鐘。

46、 This is a picture __________ my friend Mr Webb’s living-room. Mr Webb is ___________ the UK. __________ the wall __________ the living-room there is a picture ___________ his family. There is a sofa ___________ the living-room. ___________ the sofa there is a small table. There is a small stool _

47、_________ the table. __________ the table there is a fridge, __________ the fridge there are some flowers. __________ the window there is a clock. Look, what’s __________ the table? Oh, there is a cat. 5. Fill in the blanks with the right words. 用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。 (1) Yao Ming is good _____________ play

48、ing basketball. (2) The girl __________ a red coat is my friend. (3) My sister often goes shopping _____________ my parents. (4) We live far away _____________ the supermarket. (5) We are going to visit the museum ___________ half past eight __________ the evening. (6) Winter la

49、sts ___________ December ___________ February there. (7) We are going to live there ____________ three months. (8) The Asian Game will be held in Guangzhou _____________ 2010. (9) His mother is worried ___________ him. (10) She usually gets to school ___________ a quarter to eight. (11)

50、 Does she often play badminton __________ Saturday? (12) Sometimes we go skating ___________ Sunday afternoon. (13) __________ the way, do you go to school ___________ foot or __________ bus? (14) Help yourself ___________ some steakbeef. (15) He does well ___________ maths. 6.

51、 Fill in the blanks with the right words. 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空。 (1) The children have ___________(some, any) new computers in the classroom. (2) Does your father have ____________(some, any) Indian stamps? (3) Would you like ___________(some, no) coffee? (4) Are there ____________(some, any) red ro

52、ses on the tree? (5) That boy doesn’t have ___________(anything, something) in his hand. (6) Is there ___________(anything, nothing) in the bottle? (7) Can I have ___________(something, anything) to drink? (8) There was ___________(anybody, nobody) in the house. (9) I saw ____________

53、(anyone, nobody) on the playground. (10) ___________(No one, Anything) can do it. 7. Fill in the blanks with the right nouns in the blanks. 用適當(dāng)?shù)男问綄懗鱿旅婢渥又欣ㄌ柕拿~。 (1) Yao Ming and Liu Xiang are my _____________(hero). (2) We like eating _____________(pork). (3) Those ____________(sheep

54、) are from Australia. (4) The baby has some ____________(tooth) in the garden. (5) The two ____________(family) are close friends. (6) There are many small ___________(ball) in those ___________(box). (7) There are three ______________(factory) in the city. (8) You must drink plenty o

55、f ____________(water). (9) Those _____________(snowman) are very cute. (10) I like eating _____________(fish) for dinner. 8. Fill in the blanks with the right pronounces. 根據(jù)句子括號內(nèi)的中文意思，選 擇這些代詞填入空格內(nèi)。 (1) _________(你的) mother is going to give _________(他) a dictionary. (2) _________(我們) liv

56、e with __________(我們的) grandparents now. (3) _________(他的) room is beautiful, but __________(你的) is too small. (4) _________(誰的) pictures are these? Are __________(他們的) or _________(你們的)? (5) Are the notebooks for __________(我們) or ___________(他們)? (6) Let __________(我們) go and see _____

57、______(他). (7) Could you show ___________(我) __________(你的) new story-book? (8) This ruler isn’t ___________(我的). It’s ____________(你的). (9) __________(她) does ___________(她的) housework from nine to twelve. (10) Does ___________(他) often help ___________(你們)? Yes, ____________(他) often

58、 comes here and helps ___________(我們). 9. Fill in the blanks with the right verbs. 用適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~形式填空。 (1) A: Look !. The children _____________(run) over there. B: __________ they often ______________(run) in the morning. A: Yes, they ____________. (2) A: __________ your mother ______________(w

59、ork) at a toy factory? B: No, she _____________(work) at a small hotel. She ________(be) a manager there. (3) A: __________ the students _____________(visit) the museum yesterday? B: Yes, they ____________. They often _____________(visit) the farms, factories or museums at this time of t

60、he year. (4) A: ____________ you ____________(want) to buy new clothes? B: Yes, I ___________. My sister _____________(want) to buy some too. A: Tomorrow ____________(be) holiday. Let’s ____________(go) shopping. B: All right. (5) A: What time ____________ Lucy usually ____________(get)

61、up? B: She usually ____________(get) up at half past six. A: It’s six thirty now. B: Yes, she ____________(put) on her clothes now. (6) A: Where ____________(be) you English teacher now? B: She ____________ (be) here an hour ago. I think she ___________(work) at the teachers’ off

62、ice now. (7) A: ___________ you ____________(live) with your parents before you came to this city? B: Yes, I ____________. A: What about your brother? B: He ___________(live) with my grandparents before we came here too. (8) A: __________ you ___________(clean) your bedroom

63、 the day after tomorrow? B: No, I _______________(clean) it yesterday evening. (9) A: ____________ you _______________(invite) Janet and Ben to the birthday party tomorrow evening? B: Yes, of course. (10) A: What ___________ the word ‘near’ ____________(mean)? B: It ______

64、______(mean) ‘close to’. (11) A: What date ___________(be) it the day before yesterday? B: Well, today ___________(be) July 21st. The day before yesterday __________ (be) July 19th. (12) A: Premier Zhou Enlai ___________(study) in France when he __________ (be) young. B: Yes. Deng Xi

65、aoping also ___________(study) in France too. (13) A: When __________ Kate’s grandfather ___________(die)? B: He ___________ three years ago. (14) A：Listen! Your mother __________(sing) an English song. B: Yes, she ___________(can sing) many English songs. (15) A: Look at the dog.

66、She ___________(open) the door. B: Yes, she __________(want) to go out. 9. (1) are running, Do, run, do (2) Does, work, works, is (3) Did, visit, did, visit (4) Do, want, do, wants, will be, go (5) does, get, gets, putting (6) is, was, is working (7) Did, live, did, lived (8) Will, clean/ Are, going to clean, cleaned (9) Are, going to invite / Will, invite (10) does, mean, means (11) was, was (12) studied, studied (13) did, die, died (14) is singing, can sing (15) is openi