2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) Unit1 名師點(diǎn)津 名師全程導(dǎo)學(xué)案（新人教版必修3）.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) Unit1 名師點(diǎn)津 名師全程導(dǎo)學(xué)案（新人教版必修3） Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—Thank you very much for helping me out of trouble，Bob. — ___________. A．With pleasure B．Don’t mention it C．That’s right D．I hope so 解析：選B?？疾榻浑H用語。Don’t mention it意為“不用謝；別客氣”，常用來回答別人的道謝。With pleasure 意為“非常樂意”，表示愿意做別人要求做的事。 2．In most western countries, on April Fool’s Day，people often play ________trick on each other; children especially have great ___________fun. A．a(chǎn)；a B．the；the C．不填；a D．a(chǎn)；不填 解析：選D。考查冠詞。play a trick on 為固定短語，意為“搞惡作劇，開玩笑”；have fun意為“玩得快樂”，fun 是不可數(shù)名詞，前面通常不加冠詞。 3．When I talked about the thing, I felt Jane watching me unfortably，looking____she wished to speak. A．a(chǎn)s though B．even though C．so that D．in case 解析：選A?？疾檫B詞。as though好像。句意：當(dāng)我談?wù)撨@件事時(shí)，我覺得Jane不安地看著我，看起來想要說什么。even though盡管；so that以至于，結(jié)果；in case假使，以防。 4．The old photos buried at the bottom of the suitcase ___________me of those happy old days we had spent together. A．repeated B．reminded C．informed D．remembered 解析：選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。remind 提醒，使想起，remind...of...使……想起……。句意：壓在箱底的那些舊照片使我回憶起了我們一起度過的那些歡樂時(shí)光。repeat重復(fù)；inform 告知，通知；remember 記得，記住。 5.Even though Jack has failed many times in his experiment，he holds a belief ___________he will succeed one day if he carries on with it. A．what B．which C．whether D．that 解析：選D。考查名詞性從句。that 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句進(jìn)一步說明belief的具體內(nèi)容。句意：即使Jack的實(shí)驗(yàn)已失敗了很多次，但他抱有這樣一種信念：只要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持下去，他最終會成功的。 6．The building was named Ford Hall ___________a man named James Ford. A．in place of B．in celebration of C．in memory of D．in favour of 解析：選C。考查短語辨析。in memory of 紀(jì)念，追念。in place of 代替，取代；in celebration of慶祝；in favour of贊成，支持。 7．—Has Mr. Lee arrived? —No.But it’s already 9 o’clock. He should ___________at any time. A．bring up B．turn up C．look up D．pick up 解析：選B。考查短語辨析。turn up出現(xiàn)，到場。bring up撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)，教育，提出；look up查找；pick up 揀起，拾起，(開車)去接某人，(非正式地)學(xué)會，學(xué)到。 8．Sir，you are not allowed to enter the building if you don’t get our manager’s ___________. A．permission B．connection C．instruction D．introduction 解析：選A。考查名詞辨析。permission允許，許可。句意：先生，如果沒有我們經(jīng)理的允許，你不準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入這座大樓。connection連接，關(guān)系；instruction指示，說明；introduction介紹。 9．The headmaster told the boy ___________the angry teacher，but he refused to. A．to apologize B．a(chǎn)pologize to C．to apologize for D．to apologize to 解析：選D?？疾閯釉~用法。tell sb.to do sth.告訴某人做某事；apologize to sb.(for sth.)(因某事)向某人道歉。 10．We are looking forward to ___________a chance to watch the opening ceremony of the London xx Olympic Games. A．give B．be given C．being given D．giving 解析：選C。句意：我們期望有機(jī)會看到倫敦xx年奧運(yùn)會的開幕式。look forward to后面要跟動名詞形式，根據(jù)語境可知要用被動形式，故C項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (xx年溫州檢測A)“Few things help an individual more than to place responsibility upon him，and let him know that you trust him.”These words are from the black American educator，Booker Washington. He was saying that，“If you want people to grow up，you have to stop treating them like children.” In America，families are close but children are encouraged to be independent，to make their own decisions，even at a very early age. It’s not unusual for a child of seven to be given an allowance(津貼)every week. The child is encouraged to save some of the money but he or she can spend it on whatever they choose，for example，buying clothes，school supplies or CDs.Some teenagers even have their own credit cards! That’s a big responsibility since even adults are tempted to overspend when they have credit cards. From an early age，American children are asked for their opinions and they are included in family decisionmaking.At the dinner table，teenagers will be listened to on any topic，from politics to buying a new family car or where the family will go on vacation.In this way，teenagers are getting practice in being individuals：they are learning how to stand on their own two feet. Many Chinese young people are being almost as interested as American teens in searching for independence.They want to express those qualities that make them unique human beings. You can see this in the way they dress, the music they listen to and the friends they choose.“Super Girl” Li Yuchun caught the imagination of Chinese teenagers on the “Super Girl” television contest.She was not the traditional “nice，young Chinese girl”．With her short，spiky hair and boylike clothes，she was telling everyone that she was different. She had the courage to be her own person and to stand on her own two feet...and she won! There is an old saying，“Everyone should carefully observe which way his heart draws him and then choose that way with all his strength.”If you do this，step by step，over a period of time，you may find that you have bee the person you always wanted to be. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　生活中幾乎沒有東西比責(zé)任更重要，更能夠幫助別人，并讓別人覺得你信任他。作者通過介紹美國人教育孩子的方式來論證這個(gè)道理并指出中國的年輕人也開始追求獨(dú)立。 1．The passage is intended to encourage the youth to ___________. A．save money for useful things B．bee independent C．express their great ambitions D．make important decisions 解析：選B。寫作意圖推斷題。文中第二段中的“In America，families are close but children are encouraged to be independent”和第四段中的“Many Chinese young people are being almost as interested as American teens in searching for independence.”都向我們講述了孩子追求獨(dú)立的問題，因此我們可以推知文章的目的。 2．A child of seven is given an allowance so that he can _________. A．be accepted as a popular guy B．learn to decide how to use money C．overspend money without care D．have school supplies of his own 解析：選B。推理判斷題。從文中第二段中的“It’s not unusual for a child of seven to be given an allowance(津貼)every week.The child is encouraged to save some of the money but he or she can spend it on whatever they choose，for example，buying clothes，school supplies or CDs.”可知美國大部分的孩子都有自己的零花錢，他們可以用這些錢去購買自己需要的東西，這樣可以培養(yǎng)他們的理財(cái)能力。故B項(xiàng)正確。 3．The author implies that many Chinese children ___________. A．a(chǎn)re more independent than Americans B．should bee interested in America C．a(chǎn)re happy with their present situation D．a(chǎn)re not satisfied to be nice，quiet ones 解析：選D。推理判斷題。文中第四段通過Li Yuchun 的例子講述了中國孩子的追求獨(dú)立的想法。從“She was not the traditional‘nice, young Chinese girl’．”和“she was telling everyone that she was different.”可知D是正確答案。其余選項(xiàng)的說法不合理。 4．The main idea of the last paragraph is ___________. A．that we should do things step by step B．why we should understand our desires C．what we should plan for our own life D．how we can manage to realize our dreams 解析：選D。主旨大意題。文章前面講述了美國孩子和中國孩子追求獨(dú)立的情況，文章的最后一段作者就這一問題提出了自己的建議，告訴我們怎么樣才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的理想。 B (xx年高考浙江卷)Four people in the England，back in 1953，stared at Photo 51.It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed—the shape of DNA.The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson，F(xiàn)rancis Crick，and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth，the one who actually made the picture，was left out. Her name was Rosalind Franklin.“She should have been up there，”says historian Mary Bowden.“If her photos hadn’t been there，the others couldn’t have e up with the structure.”O(jiān)ne reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision.But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her petitors. At Cambridge University in the 1950s，Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime，at King’s College in London，F(xiàn)ranklin and Wilkins shone Xrays at the molecule(分子)．The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape. But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant.But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project. What she did was produce Xray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out.And she was not shy about saying so.That angered Watson，who attacked her in return，“Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend.Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.” As Franklin’s petitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina AbirAm.In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony，Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin.Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that“Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.” No，F(xiàn)ranklin was the solution.“She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a codiscoverer，”AbirAm says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself.Once described as the“Dark Lady of DNA”，F(xiàn)ranklin is finally ing into the light. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　文章通過幾個(gè)科學(xué)家對女科學(xué)家Rosalind Franklin在DNA研究中作用的討論，客觀地論述了她的貢獻(xiàn)。這位曾經(jīng)被譽(yù)為“DNA隱身女士”的Franklin對DNA研究的貢獻(xiàn)在作者的敘述中終于浮出水面。 5．What is the text mainly about? A．The disagreements among DNA researchers. B．The unfair treatment of Franklin. C．The process of discovering DNA. D．The race between two teams of scientists. 解析：選B。主旨大意題。從全文可知，文章中談?wù)摿薋ranklin 女士在DNA研究領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的成就，以及其他獲獎(jiǎng)科學(xué)家對她的負(fù)面評價(jià)，體現(xiàn)出她所遭受的不公平的待遇。故選擇B。 6．Watson was angry with Franklin because she ___________. A．took the lead in the petition B．kept her results from him C．proved some of his findings wrong D．shared her data with other scientists 解析：選C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從文中第五段What she did was produce Xray pictures that told...inside out.Franklin 拍了這個(gè)X射線圖像是要告訴Watson 和Crick 他們早期的一個(gè)模型弄反了，即指出了他們的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 7．Why is Franklin described as“Dark Lady of DNA”？ A．She developed pictures in dark labs. B．She discovered the black X—the shape of DNA. C．Her name was forgotten after her death. D．Her contribution was unknown to the public. 解析：選D。推理判斷題。從最后一段最后一句．..Franklin is finally ing into the light.可知，她終于浮出水面被人們所知，說明了她以前的貢獻(xiàn)是不為人所知的。故選擇D。 8．What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins，Watson and Crick? A．Disapproving. B．Respectful. C．Admiring. D．Doubtful. 解析：選A。推理判斷題。從最后一段第一句No，F(xiàn)ranklin was the solution.可知作者肯定了Franklin對研究的貢獻(xiàn)，是她起到了關(guān)鍵的作用；對那三位得獎(jiǎng)的科學(xué)家持否定態(tài)度。 Ⅲ.任務(wù)型讀寫 (xx屆合肥一六八中學(xué)高三年級第二次段考) In addition to selfawareness, imagination, and conscience, it is the fourth quality—independent will— that really makes effective selfmanagement possible. It is the ability to make decisions and choices and to act in agreement with them. It is the ability to act rather than to be acted upon, to actively carry out the program we have developed through the other three qualities. The human will is an amazing thing. Time after time, it has overe unbelievable difficulties. The Helen Kellers of this world give dramatic(給人深刻印象的) evidence to the value, the power of the independent will. But as we examine this quality in the context of effective selfmanagement, we realize it’s usually not the dramatic, the visible(可見的), the onceinalifetime, upbythebootstraps(自立自強(qiáng)的) effort that brings lasting success. This special ability es from learning how to use this great quality in the decisions we make every day. The degree to which we have developed our independent will in our everyday lives is measured by our personal honesty. Honesty is, fundamentally, the value we place on ourselves. It’s our ability to make and keep promises to ourselves, to “walk our talk”. Effective management is putting first things first. While leadership decides what “first things” are, it is management that puts them first, daybyday, momentbymoment. Management is discipline (training to be selfcontrolled), carrying it out. Discipline obtains from belief—belief in a set of values, belief in an overriding(最主要的) purpose, to a longterm or shortterm goal that must be carried out. In other words, if you are an effective manager of yourself, your discipline es from within; it is a function of your independent will. You are a follower of your own deep values and their source. And you have the will, the quality to control your feelings and moods rather than depend on others or have your work half done. Title The power of independent will Theme Independent will makes selfmanagement 1. ___________. Reasons ※The example given to 2. ___________ power of independent will is amazing. ※Power of independent will helps to make one’s 3. ___________every day. ※4. ___________is very important to develop our independent will. ※It’s our ability to have our promises made and 5. ___________. Suggestions ※Effective managers should know 6. ___________ should be done first. ※Effective managers with discipline should 7. __________ to their promises. 8. _________ ※You 9. ___________ your deep values. ※Your feelings and moods are able to be 10. ___________. 答案：1. effective　2. prove/show/indicate　3. decisions　 4. Honesty　5. kept　6. what　7. stick　8. Conclusions　9. follow　 10. controlled