2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookI Unit2教學(xué)案 人教大綱版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookI Unit2教學(xué)案 人教大綱版 理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋 1municate 講:v. 告知；交流；溝通；傳達(dá)；傳遞；傳染；傳播（疾?。? munication n. 傳達(dá)；交流；通訊；聯(lián)絡(luò)；信息 例：Through the Internet ,we can municate directly with the United Nations. 通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們可以直接與聯(lián)合國(guó)聯(lián)系。 Time devours all things.時(shí)間吞噬萬(wàn)物。 He was eager to municate his idea to the group. 他急于把他的想法傳達(dá)給小組。 The disease is municated through dirty drinking water. 這種疾病通過(guò)不干凈的飲用水傳播。 Radio and television are important means of munication. 收音機(jī)和電視是信息交流的重要工具。 練：It’s no use trying to solve problems ______________.They wouldn’t listen to any suggestions. A. by the way of war B. by force C. by munication D. by means 提示:way之前用介詞in表示“用……方法”，排除A項(xiàng)；如果選用B項(xiàng)，句意與后一句不一致；故選C。 答案:C 2pare 講：v.比較；相比 例：Those present at the meeting pared the industry development in both countries. 與會(huì)者對(duì)兩個(gè)國(guó)家的工業(yè)發(fā)展作了比較。 It is interesting to pare their situation and ours. 把他們的狀況和我們的相比很有意思。 鏈接拓展 (1)pare A with B 把A與B相比較。指同類(lèi)事物的具體比較。 pare John’s answer with Henry s ,which is better? 把約翰和亨利兩人的答案比較一下，哪個(gè)更好？ (2)pare A to B 把A比作B。含有比喻意味。 Shakespeare pared the world to a stage. 莎士比亞把世界比作一個(gè)舞臺(tái)。 (3)pared to/with 與……比起來(lái)。常用作狀語(yǔ)，可位于句首或句末。 pared to/with many people ,she was indeed lucky. 和許多人比起來(lái)，她是幸運(yùn)的。 (4)pare with/to sb ./sth .與……類(lèi)似（或相似） This school pares with the best in the country. =This school is as good as the best in the country. 這所學(xué)?？膳c全國(guó)最好的學(xué)校媲美。 練：(1)（xx湖北模擬）______________ with the size of the whole earth ,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. pare B. When paring C. paring D. When pared 提示:本題考查分詞的用法。句子主語(yǔ)ocean與pare之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用過(guò)去分詞。When pared=When the biggest ocean is pared with...。 答案:D (2)In his novels ,he often pared one’s life ______________ a river. A. by B. with C. for D. to 提示:句意為:在他的小說(shuō)中，他常把生命比作河流。pare...to...把……比作……。 答案:D 3.end 講:v.& n.結(jié)束 例：When will the meeting end ? 會(huì)議什么時(shí)間結(jié)束？ He ended his speech with “Happy New Year” to everybody. 他在演講結(jié)束時(shí)祝大家新年快樂(lè)。 鏈接拓展 end構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ): (1)end in以……的結(jié)果 (2)end(up)with以……而結(jié)束 (3)at the end of在……的盡頭 (4)by the end of到……為止 (5)in the end最后 (6)without end無(wú)盡的；無(wú)限的 (7)put an end to結(jié)束/終止 (8)e to an end告終；完結(jié) (9)make(both)ends meet使收支相抵 練：You’ll ______________ in hospital if you drive so fast. A. die up B. end up C. turn up D. give up 提示:end up表示“終了、結(jié)束”。 答案:B 短語(yǔ) 1e about 講：該短語(yǔ)意為“（某事）發(fā)生”。 例：Do you know how the phrase came about? 你知道這個(gè)成語(yǔ)是怎樣產(chǎn)生的嗎？ How did it e about that you didn’t report this to us in good time? 你怎么沒(méi)及時(shí)向我們報(bào)告？ 鏈接提示 表示“發(fā)生”的詞(組)還有: happen ,take place ,break out ,occur。這些詞(組)均不能用人作主語(yǔ)，均無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 練：I really don’t know how ______________. A. was the difference e about B. the difference was e about C. did the difference e about D. the difference came about 提示:由于賓語(yǔ)從句中必須使用陳述語(yǔ)序，首先排除A、C項(xiàng)；由于e about不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選D。 答案:D 2.more or less 講:該短語(yǔ)意為“大約；差不多；幾乎”。 例：That table is more or less two meters long. 那張桌子大約兩米長(zhǎng)。 I’ve more or less finished the book. 我差不多已經(jīng)讀完這本書(shū)了。 She could earn $200 a day ,more or less. 她一天大約能掙200美元。 鏈接提示　　 more or less是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，or不可換成and。more or less可以修飾數(shù)詞，意為“大約”；還可修飾動(dòng)詞、分詞、形容詞，意為“或多或少，差不多，幾乎”。通常放在系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，或放在動(dòng)詞之前，也可置于句末。 練：If you ______________ finished ,I’ll start clearing up. A. more or less have B. more and less have C. have more and less D. have more or less 提示:全句意思為:如果你差不多吃完了，我就開(kāi)始收拾了。 答案:D 3.bring in 講：該短語(yǔ)意為“吸引；引入；請(qǐng)……做；讓……參加；提出（新法案）；賺得；掙”。 例：Experts were brought in to advise the government. 政府請(qǐng)來(lái)專(zhuān)家出謀劃策。 They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports. 他們想提出一項(xiàng)限制武器出口的議案。 How much does she bring in now? 她現(xiàn)在掙多少錢(qián)？ 鏈接拓展 (1)bring about導(dǎo)致；引起 What brought about the change in his attitude? 是什么使他改變了主意？ (2)bring back把……送回；歸還；使回憶起；恢復(fù)；重新使用 The photographs brought back many of pleasant memories. 照片給人帶來(lái)很多美好的回憶。 Most people are against bringing back death penalty. 大多數(shù)人反對(duì)恢復(fù)死刑。 (3)bring down打垮；擊??；降低；減少；（飛機(jī)）著陸；擊落 We aim to bring down prices on all our puters. 我們打算降低我們所有計(jì)算機(jī)的價(jià)格。 Twelve enemy fighters had been brought down. 有十二架敵方的戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)被擊落。 (4)bring up撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；提起；提出 He was brought up by his grandparents in the countryside. 他是被鄉(xiāng)下的爺爺奶奶帶大的。 練：(1)Restaurants in this city not only provide job opportunities but ______________ lots of taxes as well. A. bring in B. bring about C. result in D. result from 提示:句意為:這個(gè)城市的飯店不但提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，還帶來(lái)很多稅收。bring in吸引；引入；bring about導(dǎo)致；引起；result in導(dǎo)致；造成；result from是……的結(jié)果；由……造成。 答案:A (2)The Internet has brought ______________ big changes in the way we work. A. about B. out C. back D. up 提示:本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。bring about導(dǎo)致，引起；bring out說(shuō)明，闡明，出版；bring back把……送回，歸還，使回憶起，恢復(fù)，重新使用；bring up撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)，提起，提出。bring about符合句意，故選A。全句意思為:因特網(wǎng)給我們工作的方式帶來(lái)了很大的變化。 答案:A 4.more and more 講:該短語(yǔ)意為“越來(lái)越…… 例：More and more people are using the Internet. 越來(lái)越多的人在使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。 She is being more and more interested in going into politics. 她對(duì)從政越來(lái)越感興趣了。 We’re walking more and more slowly. 我們?cè)阶咴铰恕? 鏈接拓展 “the＋比較級(jí)...,the＋比較級(jí)...”相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“越……，（就）越……”。該結(jié)構(gòu)表示兩個(gè)變化按比例同時(shí)遞增或遞減。前一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)……”結(jié)構(gòu)為從屬分句，后一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)……”結(jié)構(gòu)為主句。主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句(前一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)...”結(jié)構(gòu))要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 The more you read ,the more you’ll get. 你讀的越多，就收獲越大。 The more difficult the problem is ,the more interested he bees. 題越難，他越感興趣。 練：(1) ______________ people in China prefer to choose a cheap wireless phone service known as “Little Smart”. A. More than B. More and more C. Many and many 　  D. More and many 提示:“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”可以用來(lái)表示持續(xù)不斷的變化。 答案:B (2) ______________ you use English , ______________ mistakes you’ll make while using it .Then you’ll be confident in using it. A. The more；the less B. The more；the fewer C. The more；the more D. More；fewer 提示:在the more...,the more...結(jié)構(gòu)中，the不可省略；mistakes是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，可以用more或fewer修飾，不可用less修飾；C項(xiàng)在意思上與后文不一致。 答案:B 5.at all 講：該短語(yǔ)意為“到底；真的；竟然”。 at all 可用于肯定句及疑問(wèn)句，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，常帶有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩，可譯作“到底、真的、竟然”等。 例：Did you sleep at all on the plane? 你在飛機(jī)上真的沒(méi)睡覺(jué)？ Do it well if you do it at all. 要做就要做好。 鏈接拓展 not at all可以用在否定句中，意思是“根本不、一點(diǎn)也不”；也可單獨(dú)使用，特別是在答語(yǔ)中，意思是“一點(diǎn)也不、沒(méi)關(guān)系、不用謝”。 He was not tired at all.他一點(diǎn)也不累。 I didn’t agree at all. 我根本就沒(méi)同意。 —Thank you very much for your help. 多謝你幫忙。 —Not at all ,it was a pleasure. 別客氣，不用謝。 練：—How much are these bananas ______________? —Five yuan. —Oh ,it’s not expensive ______________ . A. at all；at all B. all；in all C .in all；at all　　 D .at all；in all 提示:in all意為“總計(jì)、總共”；at all意為:①(用于否定句)全然、完全、根本、絲毫。②(用于疑問(wèn)句)究竟、到底。③(用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句)既然、果真。 答案:C 句型 1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型及其各種結(jié)構(gòu) 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom? 喬在浴室里找不到的是什么？ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)如下: (1)基本結(jié)構(gòu):It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其余部分 (2)被強(qiáng)調(diào)句子是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu):“Is/Was it ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分(用陳述語(yǔ)序)？” (3)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是特殊疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu):“疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was ＋that＋其他部分（陳述語(yǔ)序）？” (4)強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu):“引導(dǎo)詞＋it is/was＋that＋從句其他部分”。 (5)對(duì)not...until結(jié)構(gòu)中until部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，not需要放在被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，句式為:“It is/was not until...that＋主句部分（用肯定形式）”。 例：It was we that/who had a meeting in the meeting room yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午是我們?cè)跁?huì)議室開(kāi)的會(huì)。 Was it in the meeting room that you held the meeting yesterday afternoon? 你們昨天是在會(huì)議室開(kāi)的會(huì)嗎？ Where was it that you held the meeting? 你們是在哪里開(kāi)的會(huì)？ He asked where it was that you held the meeting. 他問(wèn)你們是在哪里開(kāi)的會(huì)。 It was not until you told me that I knew what he said at the meeting. 直到你告訴我，我才知道他在會(huì)上講了什么。 鏈接提示 (1)做強(qiáng)調(diào)句型選擇題時(shí)，要區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:一般來(lái)說(shuō)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可以還原成一個(gè)陳述句；而定語(yǔ)從句不能直接還原。 (2)近幾年經(jīng)常采取強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問(wèn)詞或名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞等測(cè)試形式。 練：（xx北京西城目標(biāo)檢測(cè)）—Was it what he said or something that he did ______________ made you cry so sadly ,Sarah? —No ,not really. A. which B. that C. when D. what 提示:that引導(dǎo)的是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是what he said or something that he did。 答案:B 2.with＋名詞或代詞＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: With so many people municating in English every day ,it will bee more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 有那么多的人每天用英語(yǔ)交流，精通英語(yǔ)將會(huì)變得越來(lái)越重要。 “with＋名詞或代詞＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”稱(chēng)作“with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”。該結(jié)構(gòu)常用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，也可用作定語(yǔ)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語(yǔ)。 例：She likes to sleep with the window open. 她喜歡開(kāi)著窗戶睡覺(jué)。 With everything done ,we went home. 把所有的事做完以后我們就回家了。 Don’t stand with your hands in your pockets. 站著的時(shí)候別把雙手插在口袋里。 鏈接提示　　 在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中用-ing形式，不定式和過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別: (1)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而且和賓語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。 He lay there ,with his eyes looking at the ceiling. 他躺在那兒眼睛盯著天花板。 (2)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作暫時(shí)沒(méi)有發(fā)生，有將來(lái)的含義，其動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后。 With so much homework to do ,he had to stay at home. 有許多的作業(yè)要做，他不得不留在家里。 (3)過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而且和賓語(yǔ)是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 He lay there with his eyes fixed upon the ceiling. 他躺在那兒眼睛盯著天花板。 With all his homework done ,Tom went out to play football. 把所有的家庭作業(yè)都做完之后，湯姆出去踢球去了。 練：（1）（xx江蘇南通九校聯(lián)考）______________ the problem of land erosion getting more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it. A. As B. With C. When D. If 提示:as是介詞，意為“隨著……”；as也有此意，但as是連詞，后須接句子。C、D兩項(xiàng)不合題意。 答案:B (2)（xx福建模擬）It was a pity that the great writer died ______________ his works unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D. of 提示:句意為:這個(gè)大作家沒(méi)能完成他的著作就去世了，真是太遺憾了。with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 答案:B (3)With so many books ______________ I couldn’t go to surf the Internet. A. read B. reading C. to read　 D. being read提示:句意為:由于有許多書(shū)要讀，我不能夠去上網(wǎng)。讀書(shū)這個(gè)動(dòng)作還沒(méi)發(fā)生，故選C。 答案:C 辨析 1.besides,except,except for 和except that besides意為“除……之外，尚有……或外加……”。 except將一個(gè)或幾個(gè)人或物從同一類(lèi)或普通的種類(lèi)中除外，意為“除……之外”，指“不包括……”。其后可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式或wh-從句。 except for說(shuō)明整個(gè)基本情況后，對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正，后接名詞。 except that的用法基本同except for，但其后必須接句子。它用來(lái)表示理由或細(xì)節(jié)，修正前面所說(shuō)的情況。 即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)We all succeeded ______________ Tom ,so he is also glad. (2)We all succeeded Tom ,so he is very sad. (3)He is a good man ,hot temper. (4)Your article is quite good there are several spelling mistakes. (5)Your article is quite good several spelling mistakes. 答案:(1)besides　(2)except　(3)except for (4)except that　(5)except for 2.a number of ,the number of a number of只能用作定語(yǔ)，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“許多；若干”(=many)。number前可用large ,small等修飾詞。當(dāng)它修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與它修飾的主語(yǔ)一致。 the number of 的意思是“……的數(shù)量；號(hào)碼”。當(dāng)它與后面的名詞連用時(shí)，中心詞是the number。如果用作主語(yǔ)，即使后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也要用單數(shù)。 即時(shí)練習(xí): (1) ______________ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year. (2)We have lived here for ______________ years. (3) ______________ jobless people grows in the country at present. (4) ______________ students are playing football on the playground. (5) ______________ students in our class is over 70. 答案:(1)The number of　(2)a number of　(3)The number of　(4)A number of　(5)The number of 誘思:實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥 【例1】（xx北京模擬）I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ______________ . A. going on　B. goes on C. went on　 D. to go on 提示:本題考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。依據(jù)該結(jié)構(gòu)的使用規(guī)則，排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。從句意判斷，本句表示的是說(shuō)話時(shí)的情況，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選A。 答案:A 講評(píng):with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中既可以使用現(xiàn)在分詞，也可以使用動(dòng)詞不定式或過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。解題時(shí)要依據(jù)它們所表示的被動(dòng)或主動(dòng)以及現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作選擇答案。 【例2】（xx江西模擬）Please tell me how the accident ______________.I am still in the dark. A. came by B. came upon C. came to D. came about 提示:e by(為看望某人)作短暫拜訪，設(shè)法得到(或獲得)；e upon偶然遇見(jiàn)，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；e to合計(jì)，共計(jì)，總共；e about發(fā)生。 答案:D 講評(píng):解考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的選擇題時(shí)，理解題意并明確各個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意思是解題的關(guān)鍵。 【例3】（xx山東模擬）—______________ that he managed to get the information? —Oh ,a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it　 B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 提示:根據(jù)答語(yǔ)Oh ,a friend of his helped him判斷，此題應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)。此題為強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問(wèn)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was it＋that...?”。 答案:C 講評(píng):解本題時(shí)，首先應(yīng)該從強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)入手，然后注意特殊疑問(wèn)詞的選擇，答語(yǔ)中的a friend of his helped him是選擇疑問(wèn)詞的關(guān)鍵。