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1、 1。形容詞的位置：形容詞一般放被修飾詞的前面It is a quiet but interesting place.形容詞后置的情況1）。當形容詞修飾不定代詞one,no,any,some或every構(gòu)成的復合詞，如：something,anything,nothingHe did everything possible to help us.2) 只能充當表語的形容詞必須后置She was the only person awake at that night.3) Enough修飾名詞既可放前也可放后，但所修飾的名詞放句首時，只能前置.enough修飾形容詞或者副詞必須后置 I have
2、 enough time (time enough) 4) 形容詞else放不定代詞或疑問代詞后作定語Anything else can I do for you,sir?2.the+adj.表一類人（復數(shù)）和抽象概念（單數(shù)）We should help the old and the disabled.多個形容詞作定語的排列：限定詞/序數(shù)詞-基數(shù)詞描繪性形容詞-大，小，長，短，高，低-形狀-年齡，新舊-顏色-國籍，地區(qū)，出處-物質(zhì)材料-用途，類別+名詞The old lady wants to buy a beautiful red Chinese silk dress for her da
3、ughter as a present.They bought a charming big round new black French wooden writing desk last year. 3。意義相差很大的同根副詞close 接近地 closely 密切地free 免費地 freely 自由地 hard 努力地 hardly 幾乎不late 晚 lately 近來most 非常 mostly 主要地wide 廣闊地 widely 廣泛地high 高 highly 高度地deep 深 deeply 抽象意義的“深”loud 大聲地 loudly 大聲地 （含有“喧鬧”) near
4、鄰近 nearly 幾乎 注意：不帶ly表具體多位于動詞（賓語）后介詞前與過去分詞構(gòu)成復合詞帶ly表抽象修飾形容詞，副詞，過去分詞修飾動詞位置不限 4。與形容詞相關的幾個句型：1) toototoo+adj./adv.+to do 太。而不能做某事too+adj.(表個性品質(zhì)）to do 非常。做。toonot to do. 太。不會不做。not/never tooto do 永不、決不。only too/but tooto do 十分，非常，極其The boy is too young to go to school.=The boy is not old enough to go to s
5、chool.She is only too pleased to help you. 2）more than與其說（后面）倒不如說（前面） =be lessthan =be not so/as muchas =berather than.=be ratherthan.She was more frightened than hurt.=She was less hurt than frightened.=She was frightened rather than hurt.=She was rather frightened than hurt. 3）can nottoo/ can neve
6、r too越。越好One can never be too careful to study.4）A對B猶如C對D一樣A is to B (just) as C is to D=A is to B what C is to D=(Just) As C is to D,so is A to B=What C is to D,that is A to BAir is to us as water is to fish.=Air is to us what water is to fish.=As water is to fish,so is air to us.=What water is to
7、fish,that is air to us. 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級：1、原級，即原形，如：big（大的）2、比較級，表示 “更 一些” 或 “比較 ” 的意思， 如：bigger（更大，比較大）3、最高級，表示 “最” 的意思，如：biggest（最大）。形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成：一、規(guī)則變化：1、單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞，在詞尾加 -er 或 -est 。 2、大部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在其前面加 more 或 most 。具體見下表： Gram m ar 構(gòu)成方法 原級 比較級 最高級一般在詞尾加 -er 或 -est以字母結(jié)尾的，加 -r 或
8、-st以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母，要先雙寫這一字母，再加 -er 或 -est以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的，先把 y 變成 i，再加 -er 或 -est單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞雙音節(jié) 詞和多音節(jié)詞在形容詞、副詞前加more 或 most。tall, long, taller, longer tallest, longestnice, late nicer, later nicest, latestbig, thin bigger, thinner biggest, thinnesthappyheavy happierheavier happiestheaviestbeautifulc
9、arefulexpensiveinterestingdangerous more beautifulmore carefulmore expensivemore interestingmore dangerous Gram m ar most beautifulmost carefulmost expensivemost interestingmost dangerous 二、不規(guī)則變化：（需記憶） 原 形 比 較 級 最 高 級good wellbadillmanymuchlittleold far better worsemorelessolderelderfartherfurther b
10、est worstmostleastoldesteldestfarthestfurthest Gram m ar （三） 形容詞與副詞的比較等級 1. 原級的構(gòu)成和用法 構(gòu)成： 形容詞、副詞的原級即本身 用法： 表示雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等方面 相等時用“ as + 原級 as ” 不等時用 “ not so /as + 原級as ” 倍數(shù)用 “ 倍數(shù) as + 原級 as ”Eg: Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu . This building looks not so /as high as that one . Miss Liu speaks Englis
11、h as fluently as you. This room is three times as large as that one . 2. 比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1） 規(guī)則形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級（4種）2）不規(guī)則的形容詞、副詞的級要特殊記。good / well - bad / ill - many / much -little - far - old -3. 比較級的用法1）雙方比較， 表示一方超過另一方時， 用“比較級than “ 的結(jié)構(gòu) 如This picture is more beautiful than that one .2）表示一方不及另一方時，用“ less + 原
12、級 than”結(jié)構(gòu) This room is less beautiful than that one.3) 表示一方在程度或數(shù)量上超過另一方時，可在比較級 前加表示程度的狀語， 如 even , a lot , a bit , a little, still, much , far , yet ,by far等修飾。 如 he works even harder than before4) 表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時，用“ the + 比較級（主語謂語）the +比較級（主語謂語）” 結(jié)構(gòu) （越.越） The harder he works , the happier he feels
13、.5) 不與其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改變時，用 “比較級 and + 比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)。 The girl becomes more and more beautiful . The weather is getting colder and colder . 6） 某些以ior 結(jié)尾的形容詞進行比較時， 用to 代替than . 這些詞有inferior (劣等的 ，次的） ，superior , junior(資歷較淺的）, senior 。 如： he is superior to Mr Zhang in chemistry.7) 倍數(shù)表達法A is + 倍數(shù) the size ( h
14、eight / length /width /depth ) of BA is + 倍數(shù) as as BA is + 倍數(shù) 比較級 than B注意： times 表三倍以上 ， 兩倍用 twice / double譯： 我們的學校比他們的學校大三倍。（三種方法） 4 最高級的用法1）三者或三者以上相比， 表示最高程度時，用“the + 最高級” 的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。 這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。如 ：ZhangHua is the tallest of the three . He works (the ) hardest in his class .2) 最高級可被序數(shù)詞以及much
15、, by far , nearly , almost , by no means , not quite , not really , nothing like (沒有什么能比得上）等修飾。 如： This hat is by far the biggest . How much did the second most expensive hat cost ?3) 表示“最高程度” 的形容詞，如 excellent , extreme, perfect等 沒有最高級， 也沒有比較級 。 4）形容詞最高級修飾作表語或介詞賓語的名詞、代詞時， 被修飾的的詞往往省略。如： He is the tal
16、lest boy in his class .5) 作狀語的副詞最高級前可以不加定冠詞。5. 由 as / so 組成的形容詞或副詞短語。1） as much as + 不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量。如： Each stone weighs as much as 15 tons . She could earn as much as ten dollars a week .2) as many as + 可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量如： I have as many as sixteen reference books.3) as early as 早在As early as the twelfth century the
17、 English began to invade the island . 4) as far as 遠道， 就 而言We might go as far as the church and back .As far as I know , he has been there before .5) may / might as well 不妨，不如Then you might as well stay with us here .6) as as sb can be 到了最的程度 ， 極其 They are as unreliable as they can be . ( 他們極其不可信）7)
18、 as as one can = as as possible ( 盡某人可能） He began to run as fast as he could 注意：1。比較的對象應該相同The radios made in our factory are better than those (made) in your factory.The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.2.比較的對象不能相互包容比較級than+any other+單數(shù)名詞/all(the) other+pl./
19、any one else/any of other+pl.The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.China is larger than any other country in Asia/any country in Africa. 3。修飾比較級的修飾語有：rather,much,still,even,far,any,a lot,agreat deal,by far,a bit,three times.The students study even harder than befo
20、re.4。修飾最高級的修飾語有：序數(shù)詞，by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not realy,not quite,nothing like.Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.5.比較狀語中動詞的使用：Bob looks younger than I do. Bob looks younger than he is.Bob looked younger than I did. I know you better than he does.I know you better than him. 6。比較中
21、的省略：1）從句省略整個謂語，保留主語 Our library has as many books as yours.2）省去謂語保留主語和be,have或助動詞Susan has done as much homework as you have.3）省略主語和謂語，保留狀語She is much better than yesterday.4）省去整個than從句She is much healthier and happier. 7.無比較級，最高級的形容詞和副詞1。表示比較，特殊意義的：comparative(ly),relative(ly),special(ly)2。表絕對意義的un
22、expected(ly),entire(ly),excellent(ly),perfect(ly),total(ly),thorough(ly),whole(ly),complete(ly)3。表大小，極限，主觀，上下的：extreme(ly），main,major,chief(ly),senior4。表性質(zhì)特征的scientific,wooden,golden,woolen5。表獨一無二的，形狀的，強調(diào)的only,single,round,level,very,own,simply,favorite 幾組重要詞語辨析1） very 和 much 的區(qū)別 可分等級的形容詞和副詞前使用very
23、不用 much . 表示狀態(tài)的過去分詞前用very 。 如： a very frightened boy ; a very tired child a very complicated problem以 -ing , -ed 結(jié)尾的分詞 多用 much , very much , greatly 修飾。 如：We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.too 前用much 或 far , 不用very , You are much / far / a lot too nice. 注意： 修飾絕對意義的形容詞，一般不用very , 而用 quite
24、, completely , well , entirely 等修飾。 如： quite wrong / mistaken / sure ; completely dead ; quite impossible , quite perfect 等 。 1. more than 不只是（= not only) Miss Li is more than a teacher. Shes our best friend.2. more than + 數(shù)詞，多于，超過，相當于over There are over/ more than 70 students in our class. 3. more
25、than與其說 不如說He is more diligent than clever7.請區(qū)分下列詞組 4.more than 極其地，非常地（=very) They are more than satisfied. 5. This is more than+ 從句 此事非某人所能5. sth is more than + 從句 ( 此事非某人所能 )Eg :This problem is more than I can solve. This is more than I can say. 6. more than one 不只一個（謂語動詞用單數(shù)） more than once 不只這一次
26、 More than one person _ this secret. 7. more than not more than 不超過，至多 at the most no more than 僅僅 ， 和 一樣少no more than 兩 者 同 樣 不 not more than 前 者 不 如 后 者 ； 不 比 更 8 . less than (少 于 ） not less than ( 不 少 于 ） = at least no less than （ 和 一 樣 多 ） = as much as 類似地： no fewer than = as many as 和一樣多 no wor
27、se than = as good as 和一樣好 no better than = as bad as 和一樣壞 no richer than = as poor as 和一樣窮 no later than = as early as 和一樣早 9）否定比較級表最高級的意義He has never spent a more worrying day.10）no/not+比較級than的特殊含義A is no more careful than B. A和B一樣都不細心A is no less careful than B. A和B一樣細心A is not more careful than
28、B. A不如B細心A is not less careful than B. A比B細心11）than后加any other+單數(shù)名詞，all other,the others, any other,any of the other, anything else表最高級She plays the piano better than any other student/all other students/any of the other students/any of the others/anybody else in her class. 1.Mary kept weighing hers
29、elf to see how much _ she was getting.A.heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest2.The _house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years.B.little white wooden B. little wooden whiteC. white wooden little D. wooden white little3.There are two buildings,_stands nearly a hundred feet high.C.th
30、e larger B. the larger of themC. the larger one that D. the larger of whichA A D 4.It is reported that the United States uses _energy as the whole of Europe.A.as twice B. twice muchC. twice much as D. twice as much5.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _to carry all the way home.B.much too h
31、eavy B. too much heavyC. heavy too much D. too heavy much6.He did it _ it took me.A.one-third a time B. one-third timeC. the one-third time D. one-third the timeDA D 7.Boris has brains. In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has _IQA.a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest8. In recent y
32、ears travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go,_.B.our holiday will be better.C.our holiday will be bestD.the better our holiday will beE.the better will our holiday be.BC 9._to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A.Brave enough
33、students B. Enough brave studentsC.Students brave enough D. Students enough brave10.-Jim has his wife do all the house work!Isnt he wise? -Not really.He is _.A.more wise than lazy B. wiser than lazyC. more lazy than wise D. lazier than wiseC C 11.After a long walk,she was _ tired that she had to go
34、upstairs and rest.A.much B. enough C. too D. so12. Why didnt you buy the camera you had longed for?-I had planned to,but I was $50 _.B.fewer B. less C. cheap D. short13.John is very lazy. He falls _ behind in his studies.C.very B. more C. far D. stillD DC 14.It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt
35、cold,so she stood _to her mother.A.close B. closely C. closed D. closing15.Engines are to machines _hearts are to animals.B.just B. that C. what D. which16.I was riding along the street and all of a sudden,a car cut in and knocked me down.-You can never be _careful in the street.C.much B. very C. so D. too17.Have you been to New Zealand?-No.Id like to,_.A. too B. though C.yet D. eitherA CDB
《形容詞與副詞》PPT課件
